Review on machining of additively manufactured nickel and titanium alloys

The machining of nickel and titanium-based superalloy components is very expensive and involves unusually high lead times compared with other engineering metals such as steels and aluminum. This has led to the development of most suitable additive manufacturing (AM) processes to fabricate these difficult-to-machine metals into near-net shape parts, thereby reducing the lead time and material waste, and significantly increasing productivity. Nonetheless, finish machining is still required on the AMed metal components to meet the dimensional and surface requirements of the application. Several research studies have investigated the machinability of AMed nickel and titanium alloy workpieces and have compared the results with the machining responses of wrought counterparts, which is detailed in this review. The categorization of the literature is based on the machining operations including turning, milling, drilling, and non-conventional machining, and the observations are discussed in accordance with various input parameters such as workpiece characteristics (hardness, microstructures) and anisotropy in mechanical properties due to build orientations during the AM process. Moreover, the influence of these parameters on cutting forces and temperatures, chip formation, and tool wear is analyzed and reported. From this review, it is found that the machinability of AMed nickel and titanium workpieces is quite different to the machining responses of their wrought counterparts. Further thorough experimentation is required to develop optimized machining parameters for AMed metal parts, while an exploration of different cutting tool geometries, coolant, and lubrication strategies for enhanced tool performance for machining AMed workpieces is essential. Finally, this study reviews the state of contemporary research, and offers suggestions for future research

Effect of Various Lubricating Strategies on Machining of Titanium Alloys: A State-of-the-Art Review

In recent years, researchers have proposed a variety of sustainable ways of achieving maximal lubricant efficacy with the least amount of lubricant. As an alternative to traditional lubricating procedures, these planned solutions have been highly embraced by scientific groups. This paper provides a comprehensive review of modern cooling/lubrication technologies and their influence on titanium alloy milling, grinding, and turning. Selected studies on recent advances in the lubrication system, such as power consumption, cutting forces, surface finish, and so on, are examined. The effect of various cutting fluids on the machining of titanium alloys has also been investigated. According to the prior state of the art, lubricating techniques and lubrication types have a considerable influence on the machining efficiency of titanium alloys