The Effect of Adding Stiffener on Deflection of Loading Arm by Using BEM & FEM

In this study we are concerned to improve the deflection of the loading arm with new suggested style , where the BEM techniques has been used to estimate a deflection at each distance (x) for the main part of loading arm pipe (3'') , thereafter a simplified stiffener has been added to optimize a moment of inertia of this main part thereby the deflection will be better , for this purpose a case study has been considered according to international standard for the pipe specification that  investigated to illustrate the goal of this work, adding to this ANSYS  program  has been used to verify the calculation