Fuzzy extensions of OWL: Logical properties and reduction to fuzzy description logics

The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web, where information would have precisely defined meaning, based on knowledge representation languages. The current W3C standard for representing knowledge is the Web Ontology Language (OWL). OWL is based on Description Logics which is a popular knowledge representation formalism. Although, DLs are quire expressive they feature limitations with respect to what can be said about vague knowledge, which appears in several applications. Consequently, fuzzy extensions to OWL and DLs have gained considerable attention. In the current paper we study fuzzy extensions of the Semantic Web language OWL. First, we present the (abstract) syntax and semantics of a rather elementary fuzzy extension of OWL creating fuzzy OWL (f-OWL). More importantly we use this extension to provide an investigation on the semantics of several f-OWL axioms and more precisely for those which, in classical DLs, can be expressed in different but equivalent ways. Moreover, we present a translation method which reduces inference problems of f-OWL into inference problems of expressive fuzzy Description Logics, in order to provide reasoning support through fuzzy DLs. Finally, we present two further fuzzy extensions of OWL based on fuzzy subsumption and fuzzy nominals

Predicting Reasoner Performance on ABox Intensive OWL 2 EL Ontologies

In this article, the authors introduce the notion of ABox intensity in the context of predicting reasoner performance to improve the representativeness of ontology metrics, and they develop new metrics that focus on ABox features of OWL 2 EL ontologies. Their experiments show that taking into account the intensity through the proposed metrics contributes to overall prediction accuracy for ABox intensive ontologies

Fuzzy extensions of OWL: Logical properties and reduction to fuzzy description logics

The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web, where information would have precisely defined meaning, based on knowledge representation languages. The current W3C standard for representing knowledge is the Web Ontology Language (OWL). OWL is based on Description Logics which is a popular knowledge representation formalism. Although, DLs are quire expressive they feature limitations with respect to what can be said about vague knowledge, which appears in several applications. Consequently, fuzzy extensions to OWL and DLs have gained considerable attention. In the current paper we study fuzzy extensions of the Semantic Web language OWL. First, we present the (abstract) syntax and semantics of a rather elementary fuzzy extension of OWL creating fuzzy OWL (f-OWL). More importantly we use this extension to provide an investigation on the semantics of several f-OWL axioms and more precisely for those which, in classical DLs, can be expressed in different but equivalent ways. Moreover, we present a translation method which reduces inference problems of f-OWL into inference problems of expressive fuzzy Description Logics, in order to provide reasoning support through fuzzy DLs. Finally, we present two further fuzzy extensions of OWL based on fuzzy subsumption and fuzzy nominals

Mechanical Properties of PVC Concrete and Mortar Modified with Silane Coupling Agents

This study investigates the surface modification of waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles with encapsulated silane coupling agents (SCA) to improve the performance of PVC concrete and mortar. Concrete and mortar were prepared by replacing fine aggregates with equal volumes of PVC particles before and after modification, with volume replacement ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Experiments were performed to investigate the density, compressive strength and flexural strength of different contents of PVC concrete and mortar. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of PVC particles and the interface between the PVC particles and the cementitious material in the mortar. The results showed that the density of concrete and mortar gradually decreased with increasing PVC content; the 28d compressive strength of concrete and mortar increased by 10%-20% after modification with SCA; the 28d flexural strength of concrete and mortar increased by 5%-9%. The SEM results revealed that SCA on the surface of PVC particles improved the mechanical properties of the mortar by better combining the particles with the cementitious material