The study of carbohydrate composition of chicory products

The main products produced from chicory in the food industry are soluble roasted chicory, roasted crushed chicory, chicory flour, inulin, oligofructose and others. Fried products are used as a substitute for coffee, because it is caffeine-free and has coffee taste and aroma. Chicory flour is used in the production of bakery products. Inulin and oligofructose are widely used in the manufacture of bakery and dairy products. The aim of this study was to investigate the carbohydrate composition of the products from chicory. The objects of research in this research work were Fried chicory (Leroux), Instant chicory (Leroux), Instant chicory (LLC Flagistom), Instant chicory with hawthorn (Iceberg Ltd and K), Instant chicory (LLC SlavKofe), Instant chicory (Ltd. Around the World), Instant chicory (LLC Favorit), Instant chicory (LLC Beta +), Dried Chirory and Dried crushed chicory № 1,2,3 (LLC Sovremennik), Chicory flour (Leroux), Inulin and Oligofructose (Spinnrad GmbH). Determination of fructans and their average degree of polymerization, the content of glucose, fructose, sucrose, which are contained in foods from chicory was carried out using biochemical method with kit Sucrose / D-Glucose / D-Fructose (R-Biopharm). Studies are suggested that fried chicory products do not contain fructans. Dried products of chicory are contained inulin, the contents of which are about 60–70%, and contained other biologically active substances. Content of fructans in commercial products, such as inulin and oligofructose is about 93% and 79%

Triphenilphosphonium Analogs of Chloramphenicol as Dual-Acting Antimicrobial and Antiproliferating Agents

Activitat antibiòtica; Ribosoma bacterià; Simulacions de dinàmica molecularActividad antibiótica; Ribosoma bacteriano; Simulaciones de dinámica molecularAntibiotic activity; Bacterial ribosome; Molecular dynamics simulationsIn the current work, in continuation of our recent research, we synthesized and studied new chimeric compounds, including the ribosome-targeting antibiotic chloramphenicol (CHL) and the membrane-penetrating cation triphenylphosphonium (TPP), which are linked by alkyl groups of different lengths. Using various biochemical assays, we showed that these CAM-Cn-TPP compounds bind to the bacterial ribosome, inhibit protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo in a way similar to that of the parent CHL, and significantly reduce membrane potential. Similar to CAM-C4-TPP, the mode of action of CAM-C10-TPP and CAM-C14-TPP in bacterial ribosomes differs from that of CHL. By simulating the dynamics of CAM-Cn-TPP complexes with bacterial ribosomes, we proposed a possible explanation for the specificity of the action of these analogs in the translation process. CAM-C10-TPP and CAM-C14-TPP more strongly inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacteria, as compared to CHL, and suppress some CHL-resistant bacterial strains. Thus, we have shown that TPP derivatives of CHL are dual-acting compounds targeting both the ribosomes and cellular membranes of bacteria. The TPP fragment of CAM-Cn-TPP compounds has an inhibitory effect on bacteria. Moreover, since the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells possess qualities similar to those of their prokaryotic ancestors, we demonstrate the possibility of targeting chemoresistant cancer cells with these compounds.This research was funded by RFBR [grants 20-04-00873 to N.V.S. (synthesis of analogs, binding assays, in vitro translation), 20-015-00537 to P.A.N. (potential measurement, screening of TolC-containing transporters), and 20-54-76002 to I.A.O. (toeprinting and in vitro translation)], President grant MD 2626.2021.1.4 to I.A.O. (bacteria inhibition assays), grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III: PI17/02087 to A.L. (cancer cell proliferation assays) by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [grant FENU-2020-0019 to G.I.M. (molecular dynamics simulations)] and by the Government of the Russian Federation [No. AAAA-A17-117120570004-6 to A.A.B.]

Analysis of Documents Published on Mobile Technology of Hearing Impaired in Web of Science Database

The aim of this study is to determine the latest trends in mobile technologies used in the education of the hearing impaired. Technology integration studies in the literature generally focus on visual dictionaries, sign language, word exercises or story books. In addition, it is seen that the studies report the results, not the process. However, there are few studies that describe the holistic technology integration process with a holistic approach. The study was conducted using qualitative research methodology, document analysis and related content analysis. Working with the keywords "mobile technology and hearing impaired" in Web of Science database is based on the analysis of published documents. All articles published in Web of Science have been examined. Affiliated universities of the distribution, subject areas, document types, country / regions and author themes by years were examined. Various findings reveal in terms of determining the importance of the analysis of the studies published in Web of Science database on the hearing impairments through mobile learning in terms of content. A total of 54 studies were analysed. It was concluded that the most studies related to technology were carried out in 2001 and 2019. It turns out that the first study was carried out in 2001.When literature review was done, it was concluded that most studies were conducted in 2019. It was also concluded that the most studies were in the field of Computer Science Theory Methods. It is mostly published as a full text. When looking at the scanning areas in the Web of Science index, it was seen that the most study area is in the Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science area. When the universities of the researchers were analysed, it was also concluded that the researcher who carried out the most research was from Anadolu University. Although technology is very important in education, the effects of mobile learning on the hearing impaired should be further investigated and results should be shared. © 2020. All Rights Reserved

Binding and Action of Triphenylphosphonium Analog of Chloramphenicol upon the Bacterial Ribosome

Chloramphenicol (CHL) is a ribosome-targeting antibiotic that binds to the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) of the bacterial ribosome and inhibits peptide bond formation. As an approach for modifying and potentially improving the properties of this inhibitor, we explored ribosome binding and inhibitory properties of a semi-synthetic triphenylphosphonium analog of CHL—CAM-C4-TPP. Our data demonstrate that this compound exhibits a ~5-fold stronger affinity for the bacterial ribosome and higher potency as an in vitro protein synthesis inhibitor compared to CHL. The X-ray crystal structure of the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome in complex with CAM-C4-TPP reveals that, while its amphenicol moiety binds at the PTC in a fashion identical to CHL, the C4-TPP tail adopts an extended propeller-like conformation within the ribosome exit tunnel where it establishes multiple hydrophobic Van der Waals interactions with the rRNA. The synthesized compound represents a promising chemical scaffold for further development by medicinal chemists because it simultaneously targets the two key functional centers of the bacterial ribosome—PTC and peptide exit tunnel

Triphenilphosphonium Analogs of Chloramphenicol as Dual-Acting Antimicrobial and Antiproliferating Agents

In the current work, in continuation of our recent research, we synthesized and studied new chimeric compounds, including the ribosome-targeting antibiotic chloramphenicol (CHL) and the membrane-penetrating cation triphenylphosphonium (TPP), which are linked by alkyl groups of different lengths. Using various biochemical assays, we showed that these CAM-Cn-TPP compounds bind to the bacterial ribosome, inhibit protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo in a way similar to that of the parent CHL, and significantly reduce membrane potential. Similar to CAM-C4-TPP, the mode of action of CAM-C10-TPP and CAM-C14-TPP in bacterial ribosomes differs from that of CHL. By simulating the dynamics of CAM-Cn-TPP complexes with bacterial ribosomes, we proposed a possible explanation for the specificity of the action of these analogs in the translation process. CAM-C10-TPP and CAM-C14-TPP more strongly inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacteria, as compared to CHL, and suppress some CHL-resistant bacterial strains. Thus, we have shown that TPP derivatives of CHL are dual-acting compounds targeting both the ribosomes and cellular membranes of bacteria. The TPP fragment of CAM-Cn-TPP compounds has an inhibitory effect on bacteria. Moreover, since the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells possess qualities similar to those of their prokaryotic ancestors, we demonstrate the possibility of targeting chemoresistant cancer cells with these compounds