Lack of effect of zinc sulfate on wheezing after bronchiolitis in infants less than two years

Backgrounds & aim: Wheezing after bronchiolitis is known as a risk factor for asthma. No cure or effective vaccine has been identified for such disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of zinc sulfate on persistent wheezing after bronchiolitis in infants less than two years. Methods: The present randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 90 infants under two years of age suffering from the first attack with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis wheezing hospitalized in Imam Sajjad Hospital, Yasuj. All infants were equally placed in test groups and control group. In addition to bronchiolitis usual treatment, test group received 20 mg of elemental zinc for seven days. Patient information including risk factors associated with wheezing and persistent wheezing were compared 48 hours and two weeks after treatment. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t tests. Results: In all 90 infants diagnosed with bronchiolitis, wheezing was observed. After 48 hours and two weeks wheezing was continued in 67 patients (74.4%) and 54 patients (60%) respectively Conclusion: The results showed Zinc sulfate had no effect on the improvement of wheezing after bronchiolitis

The Comparison of Pulse Oximetry and Cardiac Catheterization in Managing the Treatment of Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Bachground & aim: Pulse oximetry and cardiac catheterization are concerned in the treatment of children with congenital heart disease. Diagnosis of arterial oxygen saturation in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) can be used to assess and manage their effecacy. The purpose of this study was to compare pulse oximetry and cardiac catheterizations in treatment manage of children with congenital heart disease. Methods: In the present cross sectional study, 110 patients with cyanic and non syani heart disease were studied undergoing right and left heart catheterization by pulse oximetry of index finger and simultaneously, oxygen saturation was measured by cardiac catheterization. Data were analyzed with SPSS software by using Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: A significant correlation was seen between arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry and arterial oxygen saturation (p<0.0001) as well as heart rate, electrocardiogram and pulse oximetry (p<0.0001) respectively. Furthermore, the presence of cyanosis (p=0.001), digital clubbing of the fingers ((p=0.001), low oxygen saturation in the superior vena cava and right atrium (p=0.002) can reduce the accuracy of pulse oximetry for detection of arterial oxygen saturation. The mean right atrial pressure can effect on accuracy of pulse oximetry to detect heartbeat (p=0.034). Maximum sensitivity and specificity for detection of pulse oximetry oxygen saturation was 88 % and 88 heart rate per minute. Conclusion: Pulse oximetric is a useful tool for estimating the arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and is a non-invasive method in comparison with cardiac catheterization. Key words: Pulse oximeter, Congenital Heart Disease, Cardiac Catheterizatio