Distribution of organic matter and nitrogen in the particle size fractions of genetic horizons in Dystric Cambisols in the Kabacki Forest

Organic matter and nitrogen content was analysed in genetic horizons of Dystric Cambisols in the Kabacki Forest (Warsaw, central Poland). Particle size fractions in investigated soil indicated the following contribution in binding of organic matter: 0.1−0.02 mm – 7.6%, 0.02−0.01 mm – 13.2%, 0.01−0.005 mm – 18.8%, 0.005−0.002 mm – 21.9% and <0.002 mm – 37.8%. Sand fractions with 1−0.1 mm particles accumulate only 0.7% of the total organic matter content. Nitrogen showed similar distribution among the particular fractions. Horizons A and ABbr to the depth of 25 cm accumulate 75.8% organic matter, horizons located at the depth of 25−100 cm − 14.6%, whereas the parent rock lying at 100−125 cm on poorly permeable glacial till gathers 9,9% of the total organic matter accumulated in the entire profile. The leaching pedogenetic process and the particle size diameter significantly influenced the translocation of organic matter and nitrogen in the studied soil profile

Rozmieszczenie pierwiastkow sladowych w roznych organach mniszka pospolitego (Taraxacum officinale F.H.WIGG.) z terenow otuliny Roztoczanskiego Parku Narodowego

Zawartość Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb i Cd w poszczególnych organach mniszka pospolitego (Taraxacum officinale) zebranego z pól odłogowanych leżących na obszarze ekologicznie „czystym” w otulinie Roztoczańskiego Parku Narodowego była wyraźnie zróżnicowana. W mniszku pospolitym zawartość tych pierwiastków układała się w następujący malejący szereg: Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd. Poszczególne części mniszka pospolitego akumulują różne zawartości tego samego pierwiastka śladowego. Żelazo było akumulowane w dużych ilościach przez korzenie i liście, mangan przez łodygi i korzenie, miedź przez kwiatostany i korzenie, cynk przez nasiona i kwiatostany, a nikiel i kadm nie wykazują dużego zróżnicowania ilościowego w poszczególnych organach.The content of trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb i Cd) in separate organs of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) collected on fallow in ecological ,,pure” area near National Park „Roztocze” was clearly differentiated. Dandelion accumulated average following decreasing amounts: Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd. Separate organs of dandelion accumalated different amounts of individual elements. Iron was accumulated in higher amounts by roots and leaves, manganese by stalks and roots, copper by flowers and roots, zinc by seeds and flowers, lead by the leaves. On the other hand, nickel and cadmium do not show much differentiation in separate organs of dandelion

Effect of high pig slurry doses on yields and ionic balance of white mustard

The simplification of crop rotation systems, an increase in the concentration of cultivated cereals, and intensification of animal production in litter-free farms have drastically reduced the pig manure production. The consequences include negative organic matter balance and considerable leaching of mineral components from fields. The objective of this paper is to assess the effect of high doses of pig slurry on plants, and to analyse the ionic balance of white mustard. The experiment was conducted in four replications. Test plots were treated with pig slurry at doses of 0, 30, 60, and 90 tonnes fresh mass per hectare. Then, white mustard was sown. After the harvest, the plant material was separated into grains, husks, and stalks. The following were determined in the organic material: total nitrogen, cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na), phosphorus, and total organic acids. The ionic composition of particular parts of plants showed considerable differences associated with different life functions of these plant organs. In grains and stalks of mustard, the ratio of bivalent (Ca+Mg) to monovalent cations (K+Na) showed no considerable variations and was approximate to one. It was only in husks that bivalent cations were three times more abundant that monovalent cations. A considerable increase in yields was observed with an increase in pig slurry doses. The analysis showed the highest accumulation of Ca and K in husks, and the accumulation of mostly N, P, and Mg in grains. During the crop cultivation, approximately 20% of nutrients absorbed by plants from the soil are removed in the form of useful yield, that is grains. The remaining plant parts are ploughed as organic matter, providing nutrients to successive crops through its slow mineralisation over several years