AAS, XRPD, SEM/EDS, and FTIR studies of the effect of calcite and magnesite on the uptake of Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions by natural kaolinite and clinoptilolite

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Izmir, 2005Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 84)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 116 leavesIn this study, the effect of magnesite and calcite on the uptake of lead and zinc ions by mixtures of these carbonates with kaolinite and clinoptilolite was investigated at various loadings and mixture compositions. The concentration of both ions in the liquid phase was in measured using AAS, while XRPD, SEM/EDS, and FTIR techniques were used in characterizing the solid samples. Thestudy included the determination of kinetics and sorption isotherms of lead and zinc on pure kaolinite and clinoptilolite. Moreover, the sorption behavior of lead and zincat different concentrations and pH conditions was investigated on mixtures of calcite and magnesite with kaolinite and clinoptilolite at carbonate mass percentage compositions of 5, 10, 25, 60 in addition to pure calcite and magnesite. The morphologies of theformed precipitates, the plausible structural change in the lattice of calcite, magnesite, kaolinite, and clinoptilolite originating from sorption of lead and zinc ions was examined. According to obtained results, the sorption affinity of kaolinite and clinoptilolite towards lead is larger than their affinity towards zinc. Within the operating experimental conditions, the sorption capacity increased with increasing the amountsof calcite, and magnesite. The overall order of retention of lead and zinc was observed as magnesite . calcite> clinoptilolite> kaolinite under neutral and alkaline pH conditions and high loadings. When the initialconcentration of zinc and lead ions is raised to saturation conditions, rapid overgrowth of cerussite and hydrozincite was observed. Increasing the initial pH to 10,0 causedenhancement in the dissolution of calcite and magnesite, leading to the enhancingthe precipitation of hydrozincite, and an increased formation of hydrocerussite instead ofcerussite. The uptake of Zn2+ and Pb2+ions by calcite and magnesite have lead to modifying the geometry of the carbonate groups, the thing reflected as variation in their vibrational bands

Effect of magnesium carbonate on the uptake of aqueous zinc and lead ions by natural kaolinite and clinoptilolite

Adsorption behavior of Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions on kaolinite and clinoptilolite, originating from natural resources, was studied as a function of contact time and concentration. Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions are quickly adsorbed on both minerals and the uptake of the latter is more favored. The uptake of both ions was then examined on kaolinite–MgCO3 and clinoptilolite–MgCO3 mixtures over a metal ions range from 1 to 10 000 mg/L. The sorption behavior of Zn2+ and Pb2+ on pure MgCO3 was also studied. MgCO3 is much more effective in the retention of Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions, in particular at higher concentrations. The large increase in the retarded amounts of both ions was associated with formation of the hydroxy-carbonate phases; namely hydrozincite for Zn2+, and cerussite and hydrocerussite in the case of Pb2+

AAS, XRPD, SEM/EDS, and FTIR studies of the effect of calcite and magnesite on the uptake of Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions by natural kaolinite and clinoptilolite

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Izmir, 2005Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 84)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxii, 116 leavesIn this study, the effect of magnesite and calcite on the uptake of lead and zinc ions by mixtures of these carbonates with kaolinite and clinoptilolite was investigated at various loadings and mixture compositions. The concentration of both ions in the liquid phase was in measured using AAS, while XRPD, SEM/EDS, and FTIR techniques were used in characterizing the solid samples. Thestudy included the determination of kinetics and sorption isotherms of lead and zinc on pure kaolinite and clinoptilolite. Moreover, the sorption behavior of lead and zincat different concentrations and pH conditions was investigated on mixtures of calcite and magnesite with kaolinite and clinoptilolite at carbonate mass percentage compositions of 5, 10, 25, 60 in addition to pure calcite and magnesite. The morphologies of theformed precipitates, the plausible structural change in the lattice of calcite, magnesite, kaolinite, and clinoptilolite originating from sorption of lead and zinc ions was examined. According to obtained results, the sorption affinity of kaolinite and clinoptilolite towards lead is larger than their affinity towards zinc. Within the operating experimental conditions, the sorption capacity increased with increasing the amountsof calcite, and magnesite. The overall order of retention of lead and zinc was observed as magnesite . calcite> clinoptilolite> kaolinite under neutral and alkaline pH conditions and high loadings. When the initialconcentration of zinc and lead ions is raised to saturation conditions, rapid overgrowth of cerussite and hydrozincite was observed. Increasing the initial pH to 10,0 causedenhancement in the dissolution of calcite and magnesite, leading to the enhancingthe precipitation of hydrozincite, and an increased formation of hydrocerussite instead ofcerussite. The uptake of Zn2+ and Pb2+ions by calcite and magnesite have lead to modifying the geometry of the carbonate groups, the thing reflected as variation in their vibrational bands

AAS, XRPD, SEM/EDS, and FTIR characterization of Zn2+ retention by calcite, calcite–kaolinite, and calcite–clinoptilolite minerals

In this study, the sorption behavior of Zn2+ on calcite, kaolinite, and clinoptilolite, in addition to mixtures of calcite with kaolinite and clinoptilolite, was investigated at various loadings and mixture compositions using atomic absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared techniques. According to the obtained results, within the experimental operating conditions, the sorption capacity was enhanced with increasing amount of calcite in both types of mixtures. Under neutral–alkaline pH conditions and high loadings, the order of Zn2+ retention was observed as calcite > clinoptilolite > kaolinite. The experiments on the retention of Zn2+ by pure calcite under conditions of oversaturation showed that the uptake process proceeds via an initial adsorption mechanism (possibly ion-exchange type) followed by a slower mechanism that leads to the overgrowth of the hydrozincite phase, Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2