Distribution Optimization Model for Passenger Departure via Multimodal Transit

International airports in China have become a complex hub between airport and multimodal transit stations. Dissimilar passenger departure demands in different transit mode cause wide gaps among departure times from airport to these modes. In this context, hub managers need to balance the distribution of air passengers to transit modes in order to reduce departure delays and alleviate the congestion in transit stations, even though they cannot change the operating plan of airport or transit stations. However, few research efforts have addressed this distribution. Therefore, we developed a distribution optimization model for passenger departure that minimizes the average departure time and is solved by Genetic Algorithm. To describe differences in passenger choices, without taking into consideration the metropolitan transportation network outside the airport, we introduced the concept of rigid and elastic departures. To reflect the tendency of elastic passengers to choose different transit modes, we assume that the passengers change to other modes in different proportions. A case revealed that the presence of rigid passengers allows managers to partly balance the distribution of passengers and improve the average departure time. When the volume of passengers approaches the peak volume, the optimized distribution significantly improves the departure time

Positive association between different triglyceride glucose index-related indicators and psoriasis: evidence from NHANES

BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with effects that extend beyond the skin. Insulin resistance (IR) has been associated with psoriasis, but it remains unclear how indicators related to the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, which were associate with IR, are associated with the condition.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association between psoriasis and three TyG-related indicators: triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride glucose-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC).MethodsData from adults aged 20 to 80 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2006 and 2009 to 2014 were utilized. Institutional Review Board approval and documented written consent was obtained from participants by NHANES (Protocol #2005–06). The patients were divided into three groups based on TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR: Q1 (1st quintile), Q2 (2nd-3rd quintiles), and Q3 (4th-5th quintiles). Differences between the groups were further explored. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to investigate the correlation between these three indicators and psoriasis, with results expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analysis and supplementary analysis was further conducted to explore potential influencing factors.ResultsThe study included 9,291 participants, of which 260 had psoriasis. Compared Q2 and Q3 of TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR to Q1, there were significantly associate with psoriasis. Among the three indicators, TyG-WC consistently had the highest OR values in Models 1 and 2 (Model 1: Q3 OR (95% CI) = 2.155 (1.442-3.220); Model 2: Q3 OR (95% CI) = 2.029 (1.341-3.069)). While in Model 3, the TyG-BMI shows more significant relationship with psoriasis (Model 3 of TyG-BMI: Q3 OR (95% CI) = 1.948 (1.300-3.000)). Similar results were observed in the majority of subgroups and in supplementary analysis.ConclusionThis study identified a stable and strong positive association between TyG-related indicators (TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR) and psoriasis. This association persisted even after adjusting for multiple factors. It is suggested that high IR is significantly associated with psoriasis

Estimation of Bimodal Urban Link Travel Time Distribution and Its Applications in Traffic Analysis

Vehicles travelling on urban streets are heavily influenced by traffic signal controls, pedestrian crossings, and conflicting traffic from cross streets, which would result in bimodal travel time distributions, with one mode corresponding to travels without delays and the other travels with delays. A hierarchical Bayesian bimodal travel time model is proposed to capture the interrupted nature of urban traffic flows. The travel time distributions obtained from the proposed model are then considered to analyze traffic operations and estimate travel time distribution in real time. The advantage of the proposed bimodal model is demonstrated using empirical data, and the results are encouraging

Research on China\u27s Primary Industry: Evidence From Regional Analysis Based on SVM and Moran\u27s Index

With advanced technology and efficient policy management in China\u27s primary industry, productivity has increased significantly. This article aims to use machine learning and Moran\u27s I to analyze the current situation of China\u27s primary industry from a regional perspective. Principal component analysis and Lagrange polynomial interpolation are used for data pre-processing. Classification result from the support vector machine reveals that there exist boundaries between each region based on the features of the primary industry. Our results show that fishery and forestry show positive spatial correlations in the Moran\u27s I scatter diagram, while animal husbandry and farming show negative spatial correlations, and regional agriculture development can improve China\u27s primary industry in the long run

Deblur-YOLO: Real-Time Object Detection with Efficient Blind Motion Deblurring

Object detection has been a traditional yet open computer vision research field. In intensive studies, object detection models have achieved promising results regarding recognition accuracy and inference speed. However, previous state-of-the-art algorithms fail to operate at blurry images. In this work, we propose Deblur-YOLO, an efficient, YOLO-based and detection-driven approach robust to motion blur photographs. We introduce a generative adversarial network with a dilated feature pyramid generator, a pair of multi-scale discriminators with spectral normalization, and a detection discriminator. We design a new image quality metric called Smooth Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SPSNR) for measuring the smoothness of the reconstructed image. Empirical studies on benchmark datasets demonstrate Deblur-YOLO\u27s superiority. On COCO 2014, Set 5 and Setl4, Deblur-YOLO achieves leading results for parameters, deblurring time, PSNR, SPSNR and SSIM. We also visually display the excellence of our deblurring performance to competing models

Environmental Fate and Toxicity of Sunscreen-Derived Inorganic Ultraviolet Filters in Aquatic Environments: A Review

An increasing number of inorganic ultraviolet filters (UVFs), such as nanosized zinc oxide (nZnO) and titanium dioxide (nTiO2), are formulated in sunscreens because of their broad UV spectrum sunlight protection and because they limit skin damage. However, sunscreen-derived inorganic UVFs are considered to be emerging contaminants; in particular, nZnO and nTiO2 UVFs have been shown to undergo absorption and bioaccumulation, release metal ions, and generate reactive oxygen species, which cause negative effects on aquatic organisms. We comprehensively reviewed the current study status of the environmental sources, occurrences, behaviors, and impacts of sunscreen-derived inorganic UVFs in aquatic environments. We find that the associated primary nanoparticle characteristics and coating materials significantly affect the environmental behavior and fate of inorganic UVFs. The consequential ecotoxicological risks and underlying mechanisms are discussed at the individual and trophic transfer levels. Due to their persistence and bioaccumulation, more attention and efforts should be redirected to investigating the sources, fate, and trophic transfer of inorganic UVFs in ecosystems

High‐Temperature Stability Amorphous Ternary AlBN Dielectric Films on N ⁺⁺ GaN

International audienceDielectric films have played a vital role in the development of micro- and nanoelectronic devices over the past decades. However, the stability of current dielectrics under extreme high-temperature conditions is still a major shortcoming to be overcome. Herein, the successful fabrication of high-quality amorphous ternary AlBN dielectric films on n++GaN substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) is reported. Systematic characterizations on the morphology, structure, chemical composition, and band offsets properties of the fabricated films reveal that both as-deposited and 800 °C postdeposition annealing (PDA) thin films are amorphous and exhibit good physical and electrical properties. Large band offsets (>2.0 eV), high dielectric constants (>10), and low leakage currents are achieved in both cases. Furthermore, the leakage current density in the Au/AlBN/n++GaN junctions of 800 °C PDA thin films is reduced by approximately one order of magnitude compared with those of as-deposited thin films. The demonstration of these excellent properties indicates that the amorphous AlBN dielectric thin films are promising candidates for integrated dielectric layers in electronic devices for harsh environment application

Planning Urban Ring Rail Transit Lines: Case Study of Shanghai, China

Shanghai, China, has the largest metro system in the world, with a network length of more than 550 km. Both Shanghai and Beijing are among the top five cities in terms of ridership, and some of the most important components of their metro systems are the ring transit lines. Many other cities, in China and elsewhere, also envision a ring transit line for their future rail transit networks. A previously developed analytical model for the long-range planning of ring transit lines was used in the comparison of the current alignment of the Shanghai ring line with the optimized model output, and a second ring transit line was recommended for the future Shanghai network. The findings suggest that the alignment of an existing ring line would affect the optimal alignment of the second ring line. In addition, if an outer ring line exists (or is planned to be constructed), the optimal location of the inner ring line might not be its current location. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the impact of changes on demand, value of time, and passenger ride cost on the second ring line. Zones that would benefit most from introduction of the second ring line were also determined. Although the case study presents the Shanghai ring lines, the outcomes provide useful information for other cities that are considering the expansion of their transit network with a first or second ring line. Unlike simulations and agent-based models, the model presented in this study is easily transferable to any transit network