For a Literature Class that Does Not Hide Personal Readings: In the Case of “Shiroi Boshi”

教室での『白いぼうし』の扱われ方，教材論レベルでの『白いぼうし』の読まれ方のそれぞれに注目すると，『白いぼうし』に大きく2つ読みの方向性があることが分かった。1つは『白いぼうし』に「優しさ」を読む同化的な読みの方向性であり，もう1つは「孤独」を読む作品に対して異化的な読みの方向性である。 このような2つの読み・読み方は作品構造に起因する。それは，個人的な「松井さん」を語り，その自閉性を問題化する「語り手」と，「松井さん」を引いた視点からファンタジー化し，その問題を隠蔽しようとする〈語り手〉という二つの語り手構造である。このような構造によって，従来の文学の授業では『白いぼうし』の「語り手」の存在が見落とされたり，「語り手」・〈語り手〉という二つの存在によって二つの方向に分かれていく読みが放置されてきたと考えられる。This study focused on how “Shiroi boushi” is handled in the classroom and read at the theory level. It was found that “Shiroi boushi” has two major reading directions. One is the direction of anabolic reading that reads “kindness” in “Shiroi boushi”, and the other is the direction of catabolic reading that reads “loneliness”. These two readings are due to the structure of the work. There are two narrators, a “narrator” who talks about his personal “Matsui” and raises the issue of autism, and a “Narrator” who tries to conceal the problem by making it a fantasy from the perspective of drawing “Matsui”. It is a structure. Due to this structure, the existence of the “narrator” in “Shiroi boushi” is overlooked in the conventional literature class, and the reading that is divided into two directions by the two existences of “narrator” and “Narrator” is left unattended. It is thought that it came

握力は、糖尿病患者の心血管イベントの独立した予測因子である

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events and an elevated prevalence of sarcopenia. However, the relationship between cardiovascular events and sarcopenia in patients with DM remains unclear. This study examined this relationship and investigated the predictors of cardiovascular events in this population.This study enrolled 161 patients with DM and no history of cardiovascular diseases who were admitted to our hospital for the treatment of DM between September 2012 and December 2015. Patients were divided into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups, and were followed until March 2019. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).The mean age was 65.9 ± 1.8 years old and the mean follow-up period was 4.1 ± 0.8 years. The log-rank test indicated that MACE differed significantly between the two groups (P < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis identified the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and handgrip strength as independent predictors of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.18, P = 0.039; and HR = 0.70, P = 0.016, respectively).Handgrip strength is an indicator of sarcopenia in diabetic patients, and together with CAVI it was independently associated with the incidence of MACE. This suggests that the handgrip strength test might be useful in the management of patients with DM at high risk of cardiovascular outcomes.博士（医学）・乙第1493号・令和3年3月15日© 2021 by the International Heart Journal Association発行元であるインターナショナル・ハート・ジャーナル刊行会の許諾を得て登録（2021年6月23日付）ジャーナル公式サイト（J-STAGE内）：https://doi.org/10.1536/ihj.20-67

Generation of Embryonic Stem Cell Lines from Immature Rabbit Ovarian Follicles

In mammalian ovaries, many immature follicles remain after the dominant follicles undergo ovulation. Here we report the successful production of rabbit embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from oocytes produced by in vitro culture of immature follicles and subsequent in vitro maturation treatment. In total, we obtained 53 blastocysts from oocytes that received intracytoplasmic sperm injection followed by in vitro culture. Although only weak expression of POU5f1 was observed in the inner cell masses of in-vitro-cultured follicle-derived embryos, repeated careful cloning enabled establishment of 3 stable ESC lines. These ESC lines displayed the morphological characteristics of primed pluripotent stem cells. The ESC lines also expressed the pluripotent markers Nanog, POU5f1, and Sox2. Further, these ESCs could be differentiated into each of the 3 different germ layers both in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that immature follicles from rabbits can be used to generate ESCs. Moreover, the use of rabbit oocytes as a cell source provides an experimental system that closely matches human reproductive and stem cell physiology.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140197/1/scd.2012.0300.pd

Development of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis during the clinical course of microscopic polyangiitis: A case report

Rationale: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is belongs to the antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) subgroups. EGPA, unlike other subgroups of AAV, including microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis, has the unique feature that both ANCA and eosinophilic inflammation are involved in its pathogenesis. Although AAV often relapses, there are currently no reports of EGPA developing during other subgroups of AAV. Herein, we document a case of EGPA that developed during the clinical course of MPA.Patient concerns: A 61-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with MPA based on interstitial lung disease and myeloperoxidase-ANCA positivity. After starting immunosuppression therapy, including prednisolone and tacrolimus, she was expected to achieve clinical remission. Nonetheless, she occasionally experienced MPA relapse, which required an increased prednisolone dose, rituximab, intravenous cyclophosphamide, and plasma exchange. Three years after MPA onset, she developed renal amyloidosis; thus, subcutaneous tocilizumab was added to her regimen. Following clinical remission, the administration interval of her subcutaneous tocilizumab therapy was extended and immunosuppressants were discontinued. She then developed bronchial asthma and mild eosinophilia (eosinophilic count: ~1000/μL). Further, a year later, she underwent total hip replacement using a titanium implant. Subsequently, she developed abnormal sensation in both hands, numbness, and muscle weakness, as well as palpable purpura and massive eosinophilia (eosinophilic count: ~8500/μL).Diagnosis: We diagnosed the patient with EGPA based on 5 items (asthma, multiple mononeuropathies, sinus abnormality, and extravascular eosinophils) of the 1990 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria.Interventions: We administered 400 mg/kg intravenous immunoglobulin for 5 consecutive days, 300 mg mepolizumab subcutaneously every 4 weeks, and 40 mg/day prednisolone following pulsed methylprednisolone therapy (1000 mg/day for 3 consecutive days).Outcomes: After these treatments, the patient’s symptoms improved, and eosinophilic count and inflammatory markers declined.Lessons: The present case suggests that EGPA can be induced by the development of eosinophilic inflammation in other subgroups of AAV.Abbreviations: AAV = ANCA-associated vasculitis, ANCA = antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody, CCL = chemokine (C–C motif) ligands, CRP = C-reactive protein, EGPA = eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, IL = interleukin, ILC2 = group 2 innate lymphoid cells, ILD = interstitial lung disease, MPA = microscopic polyangiitis, MPO = myeloperoxidase, mPSL = methylprednisolone, PSL = prednisolone, TAC = tacrolimus, TCZ = tocilizumab, Th2 = T helper 2

Search for Direct CP Violation in B -> K pi Decays

We search for direct CP violation in flavor specific B -> K pi decays by measuring the rate asymmetry between charge conjugate modes. The search is performed on a data sample of 11.1 million B B bar events recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the Belle experiment at KEKB. We measure 90% confidence intervals in the partial rate asymmetry A_CP of -0.25 < A_CP(K-/+ pi+/-) < 0.37, -0.40 < A_CP(K-/+ pi^0) < 0.36, and -0.53 < A_CP(K^0 pi-/+) < 0.82. By combining the K-/+ pi+/- and K-/+ pi^0 final states, we conclude that -0.22 < A_CP[K-/+(pi+/- + pi^0)] < 0.25 at the 90% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to PRD Rapid Communication

Observation of Mixing-induced CP Violation in the Neutral B Meson System

This report describes an observation of mixing-induced CP violation and a measurement of the CP violation parameter, sin(2phi_1), with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e- collider. Using a data sample of 29.1 fb-1 recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance that contains 31.3 million BBbar pairs, we reconstruct decays of neutral B mesons to the following CP eigenstates: J/psi K_S^0, psi(2S) K_S^0, chi_c1 K_S^0, eta_c K_S^0, J/psi K_L^0 and J/psi K^*0. The flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified by combining information from primary and secondary leptons, K+/- mesons, lambda baryons, slow and fast pions. The proper-time interval between the two B meson decays is determined from the distance between the two decay vertices measured with a silicon vertex detector. The result sin(2phi_1) = 0.99 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.06(syst) is obtained by applying a maximum likelihood fit to the 1137 candidate events. We conclude that there is large CP violation in the neutral B meson system. A zero value for sin(2phi_1) is ruled out by more than six standard deviations.Comment: 25 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review

Observation of Large CP Violation in the Neutral B Meson System

We present a measurement of the Standard Model CP violation parameter sin 2phi_1 based on a 29.1 fb^{-1} data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. One neutral B meson is fully reconstructed as a J/psi Ks, psi(2S) Ks, chi_c1 Ks, eta_c Ks, J/psi K_L or J/psi K^{*0} decay and the flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified from its decay products. From the asymmetry in the distribution of the time intervals between the two B meson decay points, we determine sin 2phi_1 = 0.99 +- 0.14(stat) +- 0.06(syst). We conclude that we have observed CP violation in the neutral B meson system.Comment: 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Letter

Evidence for Direct CP Violation in B0 -> K+- pi-+ Decays

We report evidence for direct CP violation in the decay B0 -> K+-pi-+ with 253/fb of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. Using 275 million B B_bar pairs we observe a B -> K+-pi-+ signal with 2140+-53 events. The measured CP violating asymmetry is Acp(K+-pi-+) = -0.101+-0.025 (stat)+-0.005 (syst), corresponding to a significance of 3.9 sigma including systematics. We also search for CP violation in the decays B+- -> K+-pi0 and B+- -> pi+-pi0. The measured CP violating asymmetries are Acp(K+-pi0) = 0.04+-0.05(stat)+-0.02(syst) and Acp(pi+-pi0) = -0.02+-0.10(stat)+-0.01(syst), corresponding to the intervals -0.05 < Acp(K+-pi0) < 0.13 and -0.18<Acp(pi+-pi0)<0.14 at 90% confidence level.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. submitted to Physical Review Letter

An Improved Measurement of Mixing-induced CP Violation in the Neutral B Meson System

We present an improved measurement of the standard model CP violation parameter sin2phi_1 (also known as sin2beta) based on a sample of 85 times 10^6 B Bbar pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. One neutral B meson is reconstructed in a J/psi K_S, psi(2S) K_S, chi_{c1} K_S, eta_c K_S, J/psi K^{*0}, or J/psi K_L CP-eigenstate decay channel and the flavor of accompanying B meson is identified from itsdecay products. From the asymmetry in the distribution of the time intervals between the two B meson decay points, we obtain sin2phi_1 = 0.719 +/- 0.074(stat) +/- 0.035(syst). We also report measurements of CP violation parameters for the related B^0 -> J/psi pi^0 decay mode and the penguin-dominated processes B^0 -> eta' K_S, phi K_S and K^+K^- K_S.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, contributed to ICHEP200

Evidence for direct CP violation in B-0 -> K+pi(-) decays

We report evidence for direct CP violation in the decay B-0-->K(+)pi(-) with 253 fb(-1) of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider. Using 275x10(6) B(B) over bar pairs we observe a B-->K(+/-)pi(-/+) signal with 2140+/-53 events. The measured CP violating asymmetry is A(CP)(K(+)pi(-))=-0.101+/-0.025(stat)+/-0.005(syst), corresponding to a significance of 3.9sigma including systematics. We also search for CP violation in the decays B+-->K(+)pi(0) and B+-->pi(+)pi(0). The measured CP violating asymmetries are A(CP)(K(+)pi(0))=0.04+/-0.05(stat)+/-0.02(syst) and A(CP)(pi(+)pi(0))=-0.02+/-0.10(stat)+/-0.01(syst), corresponding to the intervals -0.05< A(CP)(K(+)pi(0))<0.13 and -0.18< A(CP)(pi(+)pi(0))<0.14 at 90% confidence level