Discrete Crowd Model for Simulation of Tsunami-Flood Refuge

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Electric dipole oscillation in solids characterized by Fourier transform extreme ultraviolet attosecond spectroscopy

We characterized electronic dipole oscillations in chromium doped sapphire (Cr:Al2O3) using Fourier transform extreme ultraviolet attosecond spectroscopy (FTXUV) combined with an isolated attosecond pulse, which reveals the electric band-structure and dephasing process in solids

Electric dipole oscillation in solids characterized by Fourier transform extreme ultraviolet attosecond spectroscopy

We characterized electronic dipole oscillations in chromium doped sapphire (Cr:Al2O3) using Fourier transform extreme ultraviolet attosecond spectroscopy (FTXUV) combined with an isolated attosecond pulse, which reveals the electric band-structure and dephasing process in solids

Movement of water in compacted bentonite and its relation with swelling pressure

A testing procedure was proposed to study movement water in compacted bentonite and the development of swelling pressure (ps) when compacted bentonite specimens were wetted. In this procedure, a multi-ring mold was introduced for ps measurements, after which the specimen was sliced for X-ray diffraction test to find movement of water in the interlayer space of montmorillonite. Results revealed a relation between four phases of ps development and evolution of four states of interlayer water molecule arrangement of montmorillonite (L): when ps reached its first peak in phase I, L moved from 1 row water arrangement (1w) to at least 2w; when ps decreased and re-increased in phase II or III, L moved from 2w to at least 3w; and when ps reaches a steady state in phase IV for L = 3w. The w distribution in the compacted bentonite was also measured as water absorption time increased. Based on those results, the global water movement was estimated in terms of diffusivity (D) following a method employing Boltzmann transform. Results of comparisons implied that D calculated using this method well matched experimental data well and the method was rather easily handled.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Multi-petahertz electron interference in Cr:Al2O3 solid-state material

Signal processing in electronic devices is in the THz regime. Here the authors measure NIR lightwave-field-induced multiple dipole oscillations in Cr:Al2O3 in the time domain reaching PHz scale by using an isolated attosecond pulse and this method shows potential for higher speed signal processing

Vanadium diphosphide as a negative electrode material for sodium secondary batteries

The abundance of sodium resources has sparked interest in the development of sodium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage systems, amplifying the need for high-performance negative electrodes. Although transition metal phosphide electrodes have shown remarkable performance and great versatility for both lithium and sodium batteries, their electrochemical mechanisms in sodium batteries, particularly vanadium phosphides, remain largely elusive. Herein, we delineate the performance of VP₂ as a negative electrode alongside ionic liquids in sodium-ion batteries. The polycrystalline VP₂ is synthesized via one-step high energy ball-milling and characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Electrochemical tests ascertained improved performance at intermediate temperatures, where the initial cycle was conducted at 100 mA g⁻¹ yielded a significantly higher discharge capacity of 243 mAh g⁻¹ at 90°C compared to the limited capacity of 49 mAh g⁻¹ at 25°C. Enhanced rate and cycle performance are also achieved at 90 °C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy further reveal a reduced charge transfer resistance at 90°C and the formation of a uniform and stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer after cycling. X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are used to confirm the conversion-based mechanism forming Na₃P after charging