97 research outputs found
BCS-BEC crossover in a relativistic superfluid and its significance to quark matter
The character change of a superfluid state due to the variation of the
attractive force is investigated in the relativistic framework with a massive
fermion. Two crossovers are found. One is a crossover from the usual BCS state
to the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of bound fermion pairs. The other is
from the BEC to the relativistic Bose-Einstein condensation (RBEC) of nearly
massless bound pairs where antiparticles as well as particles dominate the
thermodynamics. Possible realization of the BEC and RBEC states in the quark
matter is also pointed out.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, revtex4; (v2) text has been clarified, references
updated; (v3) final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Energy-momentum tensor correlation function in Nf=2+1 full QCD at finite temperature
We measure correlation functions of the nonperturbatively renormalized
energy-momentum tensor in full QCD at finite temperature by applying
the gradient flow method both to the gauge and quark fields. Our main interest
is to study the conservation law of the energy-momentum tensor and to test
whether the linear response relation is properly realized for the entropy
density. By using the linear response relation we calculate the specific heat
from the correlation function. We adopt the nonperturbatively improved Wilson
fermion and Iwasaki gauge action at a fine lattice spacing fm. In this
paper the temperature is limited to a single value MeV. The ,
quark mass is rather heavy with while the quark mass is
set to approximately its physical value.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures. Talk presented at the 35th International
Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE 2017), 18-24 June 2017, Granada,
Spai
Equation of state in (2+1)-flavor QCD at physical point with improved Wilson fermion action using gradient flow
We study the energy-momentum tensor and the equation of state as well as the
chiral condensate in (2+1)-flavor QCD at the physical point applying the method
of Makino and Suzuki based on the gradient flow. We adopt a nonperturbatively
O(a)-improved Wilson quark action and the renormalization group-improved
Iwasaki gauge action. At Lattice 2016, we have presented our preliminary
results of our study in (2+1)-flavor QCD at a heavy u, d quark mass point. We
now extend the study to the physical point and perform finite-temperature
simulations in the range T \simeq 155--544 MeV (Nt = 4--14 including odd Nt's)
at a \simeq 0.09 fm. We show our final results of the heavy QCD study and
present some preliminary results obtained at the physical point so far.Comment: 8 pages, 15 figures, talk presented at the 35th International
Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE 2017), 18-24 June 2017, Granada,
Spai
Changes in pollinator fauna affect altitudinal variation of floral size in a bumblebee-pollinated herb
Geographic trait variations are often caused by locally different selection regimes. As a steep environmental cline along altitude strongly influences adaptive traits, mountain ecosystems are ideal for exploring adaptive differentiation over short distances. We investigated altitudinal floral size variation of Campanula punctata var. hondoensis in 12 populations in three mountain regions of central Japan to test whether the altitudinal floral size variation was correlated with the size of the local bumblebee pollinator and to assess whether floral size was selected for by pollinator size. We found apparent geographic variations in pollinator assemblages along altitude, which consequently produced a geographic change in pollinator size. Similarly, we found altitudinal changes in floral size, which proved to be correlated with the local pollinator size, but not with altitude itself. Furthermore, pollen removal from flower styles onto bees (plant's male fitness) was strongly influenced by the size match between flower style length and pollinator mouthpart length. These results strongly suggest that C. punctata floral size is under pollinator-mediated selection and that a geographic mosaic of locally adapted C. punctata exists at fine spatial scale.ArticleECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION. 4(17):3395-3407 (2014)journal articl
Class I/II hybrid inhibitory oligodeoxynucleotide exerts Th1 and Th2 double immunosuppression
We designed class I/II hybrid inhibitory oligodeoxynucleotides (iODNs), called iSG, and found that the sequence 5′-TTAGGG-3′, which has a six-base loop head structure, and a 3′-oligo (dG)3–5 tail sequence are important for potent immunosuppressive activity. Interestingly, splenocytes isolated from ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized mice and treated with iSG3 showed suppression of not only interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12p35, IL-12p40, and interferon (IFN) γ mRNA expression, but also IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA expression. Thus, both Th2 and Th1 immune responses can be strongly suppressed by iODNs in splenocytes from allergen-immunized mice, suggesting usefulness in the treatment of diseases induced by over-active immune activation.ArticleFEBS Open Bio. 3:41-45 (2013)journal articl
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