Parameterized Algorithms for Maximum Cut with Connectivity Constraints

We study two variants of Maximum Cut, which we call Connected Maximum Cut and Maximum Minimal Cut, in this paper. In these problems, given an unweighted graph, the goal is to compute a maximum cut satisfying some connectivity requirements. Both problems are known to be NP-complete even on planar graphs whereas Maximum Cut on planar graphs is solvable in polynomial time. We first show that these problems are NP-complete even on planar bipartite graphs and split graphs. Then we give parameterized algorithms using graph parameters such as clique-width, tree-width, and twin-cover number. Finally, we obtain FPT algorithms with respect to the solution size

がん治療のためのウイルス療法 : 腫瘍溶解性ウイルスの現状

Most of anticancer agents used by the chemotherapy of cancer act in the division process of the celland show an effect, and cause side effects such as a drop and nausea of the immunity, the hair loss, whichreduce the quality of life （QOL） of the patient. In this article, the history and current status of oncolyticviruses, which are cancer therapeutic agents that do not cause these side effects and attracting the mostattention now are introduced. An oncolytic virus is a virus that preferentially infects and kills cancer cells.As the infected cancer cells are destroyed by oncolysis, they release new infectious virus particles todestroy the remaining tumor. Oncolytic viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of thetumour cells, but also to stimulate host anti-tumour immune responses. In 2015 the first oncolytic viruswas approved by FDA as the cancer therapeutic agent. The clinical trial using the oncolytic virus ispushed forward now in Japan. It is hoped that the virus therapy for cancer treatment with tumorsolubility virus greatly develops from now on

がん治療薬としての改良型腫瘍溶解ウイルス : 腫瘍溶解性ウイルスの問題点と改良

Anticancer agents used in cancer chemotherapy act on the cell division process and cause side effectsthat reduce the patient\u27s quality of life. However, oncolytic viruses are cancer therapeutic agents with noside effects that are now attracting much attention. Various genetic modifications of the virus have beentried to address the problems from the previous clinical studies and the FDA approved the firstoncolytic virus as a cancer therapeutic agent in 2015. This oncolytic virus is being tested in an ongoingclinical trial in Japan. In this article, we review the improved oncolytic viruses with their geneticmodifications in order to solve the problems that were highlighted from early clinical studies

Metastasis from follicular lymphoma to an ovarian mature teratoma: a case report of tumor-to-tumor metastasis

Abstract Background Tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM) is a rare but well-established phenomenon where histologically distinct tumors metastasize within each other. Here we report the first “known” case of follicular lymphoma that metastasized and extended to a mature ovarian teratoma. Case presentation A 59-year-old Japanese postmenopausal woman visited our hospital for a detailed examination of an ovarian tumor. Clinical imaging suggested it to be either teratoma-associated ovarian cancer with multiple lymph node metastases, or tumor-to-tumor metastasis from malignant lymphoma to ovarian teratoma. A bilateral adnexectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy were performed. Lined with squamous epithelium, the cyst constituted a mature ovarian teratoma, and the solid part showed diffuse proliferation of abnormal lymphoid cells. Immunohistochemically, the abnormal lymphoid cells were negative for CD5, MUM1, and CyclinD1, and positive for CD10, CD20, CD21, BCL2, and BCL6. Genetic analysis using G-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization identified a translocation of t(14;18) (q32;q21), and we diagnosed tumor-to-tumor metastasis from nodal follicular lymphoma to mature ovarian teratoma. Twelve months after surgery, the patient showed no progression without adjuvant therapy. Conclusions The present case suggests that molecular approaches are useful in the diagnosis of TTM in mature ovarian teratomas when morphologic and immunohistochemical findings alone are insufficient for diagnoses