COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sağlık Çalışanlarının Beslenme Alışkanlıklarındaki Değişikliklerin Değerlendirilmesi

Objective: The workload and working hours of healthcare professionals have increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate how COVID-19 outbreak restrictions affect dietary habits among healthcare professionals. Material and Method: The study population was 239 adults aged between 18-65 years. An online survey including questions about demographic variables, health information, lifestyle behaviors, and dietary habits were sent via an online platform. Self-reported weight, and height before and during the pandemic were also collected. Results: The percentage of those who skip the main meals during the lockdown (48.1%) has increased compared to before the lockdown (43.9%). The most skipped main meal and snack were breakfast and mid-morning, respectively. Among the study population, 48.1% reported that they increased their vegetable-fruit consumption, 38.1% reported increased water intake and 45.6% reported consuming more home-cooked food. The most preferred snacks were fruits-vegetables (62.3%), and nuts (55.6%). Approximately half of the participants (46.0%) reported an increased appetite and 50.6% of the participants stated an increase in body weight during COVID-19. The weight gain of the 51-64 age group (3.73±4.13 kg) was statistically significantly higher than the 18-50 age group (0.43±4.51 kg) (p=0.014). The rate of those who reported doing at least 150 minutes of exercise per week before COVID-19 (43.9%) decreased during the pandemic (30.5%). Conclusion: Body weight, appetite, some dietary habits, and physical activities were generally adversely affected among healthcare workers during the pandemic. Older groups are most prone to weight gain during the lockdown.This research was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) 2209-A Projects Funding Program, grant number: 1919B01200108

Current Overview of the Ketogenic Diet Effecst on Refractory Epilepsy

Epilepsi; nöbetler ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Epilepsi hastalarının çoğunda nöbetler anti epileptik ilaçlar kullanılarak kontrol edilebilmektedir ancak dirençli epilepsi olarak adlandırılan epilepsi türünde, ilaçlar nöbet kontrolü üzerine etkili değildir. Buna ek olarak, bazı hastalarda ilaçların istenmeyen yan etkileri, antiepileptik ilaç kullanımının kesilmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu ve benzeri durumlarda, farmakolojik bir tedavi türü olmayan ketojenik diyet, alternatif tedavi yöntemi olarak önerilmektedir. Ketojenik diyetin epilepsi tedavisinde etkin rol oynayabileceğini düşündüren temel gerçeklik ise, nöronlar için ana enerji substratı olan glikoz yerine, açlık gibi bazı durumlarda keton cisimlerinin kullanılıyor olmasıdır. Keton cisimlerinin oluşmasını sağlayan ancak ketojenik diyete uygulama kolaylığı ve esnekliği sağlaması adına farklı ketojenik diyet türleri oluşturulmuştur. Dirençli epilepsi tedavisinde hastaların tolere edebilirliğine göre bu ketojenik diyet yaklaşımları kullanılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, ketojenik diyet ve türlerinin dirençli epilepsi üzerine etkisinin derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Epilepsy is a disease characterized by seizures. In most patients with epilepsy, seizures can be controlled using anti-epileptic drugs, but in the type of epilepsy called resistant epilepsy, drugs are not effective on seizure control. In addition, the undesirable side effects of antiepileptic drugs in some patients lead to the cessation of antiepileptic use. In these and similar cases, the ketogenic diet, which is not a pharmacological treatment type, is considered as an alternative treatment method. The basic reality suggesting that the ketogenic diet can play an effective role in the treatment of epilepsy is that instead of glucose, which is the main energy substrate for neurons, ketone bodies are used in some cases such as hunger. Again, different ketogenic diets have been created to enable the formation of ketone bodies and provide ease and flexibility to the ketogenic diet. Depending on the tolerability of patients in the treatment of epilepsy, one of these ketogenic diet variations can be used. This review was conducted to evaluate the effect of ketogenic diet on epileps

Nutrition literacy status and its association with adherence to the Mediterranean diet, anthropometric parameters and lifestyle behaviours among early adolescents

Abstract Objective: To evaluate nutrition literacy status and its association with adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), anthropometric parameters and lifestyle behaviours among early adolescents. Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Nutrition literacy was evaluated using the ‘Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale’. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-h food recall. The ‘Mediterranean Diet Quality Index’ was used to evaluate adolescents’ adherence to the MD. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Body weight, height, waist, hip and neck circumference were measured. Setting: Four secondary schools in İzmir, Türkiye Participants: The study included 1074 secondary school students. Results: Adolescents’ nutrition literacy was at a moderate level. Nutrition literacy scores were significantly lower in those who skip main meals. Adolescents with high nutrition literacy had higher intakes of fibre, protein, protein, Ca, K, Mg, P, vitamin C, folate and Fe intake than those with low and moderate nutrition literacy (P < 0·05). According to IPAQ, active adolescents had higher nutrition literacy scores than inactive adolescents. There was no significant difference in BMI and anthropometric measurements of the adolescents according to their nutrition literacy level. Linear regression analysis showed that each unit increase in nutrition literacy increased adherence to the MD by 0·286 points (β = 0·286) and decreased total screen time by 0·182 points (β = –0·182). Conclusions: These findings showed that nutrition literacy among early adolescents was not optimal, and a higher nutrition literacy score was significantly associated with higher MD adherence, and healthy eating habits and lifestyle behaviours

Association of Serum Adropin Levels with Nutritional Status and Lipid Profile in Patients with Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy

Objective. This study aimed to determine serum adropin levels and to examine the relationship of serum adropin levels with nutritional status and lipid profile in patients with kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT). Methods. The study consisted of 88 subjects, including 30 patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), 29 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 29 patients who had undergone kidney transplantation (TX). The study included assessing anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength, bioelectrical impedance analysis, malnutrition-inflammation score, dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and biochemical parameters. The patients’ food consumption was recorded for three days. The malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) was calculated to assess the patients’ nutritional status. Blood samples were collected for serum adropin and other biochemical parameters. Results. Adropin levels were significantly higher in the TX group when compared to the HD group. Patients with low adropin levels had higher MIS, serum ferritin, and lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (total-C) levels. Serum adropin levels were negatively correlated with the MIS and positively correlated with total-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the MIS (β=-0.25 p=0.038) and LDL-C level (β=0.29, p=0.007) were associated with serum adropin. Conclusions. Adropin may be considered as a new marker of nutritional status and possibly plays a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms and complications of patients with KFRT

Nutritional Recommendations for Post-Disaster Clinical Symptoms

Afetler, insan kontrolü dışında meydana gelen ve bireylerin beslenme durumlarını etkileyebilen olaylardır. Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde meydana gelen iki yıkıcı deprem bizlere afet durumlarında meydana gelen crush (ezilme) ve refeeding sendromu, gastrointestinal semptomlar gibi çeşitli klinik semptomları ve bunlara yönelik beslenme müdahalelerinin gerekliliklerini hatırlatmıştır. Bu derlemede ise afet sonrası meydana gelebilecek klinik semptomlar ele alınmış, bu semptomlara yönelik beslenme ve çözüm önerileri getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır