Arenas, rituals, and regimes in the modern city (theoretical and methodological foundations of the analysis of urban politics)

The paper proposes theoretical and methodological principles, conceptual apparatus and substantiation of the prospects of empirical data analysis for the research of the political factors underlying urban development. Based on the theory of urban regimes (С. Stone) and the theory of interactive rituals (R. Collins), the author proposes to use a set of interrelated concepts of “arena”, “interactive ritual”, “mobilization agenda”, “emotional energy”, “urban regime”, “urban ideology” to explain high rates of urban well-being in some cities and its decline in other cities. It is shown that a set of factors influence the main characteristics of the regime and communicative practices both within the elite and between the elite and the citizens, based on different types of power relations (collective or distributive power), which subsequently in various degrees limits the number of participants and topics for discussion in a process of making decision. To test the hypothesis, the article proposes the empirical comparison on the ground of contrasting cases method, and provides the substantiation of choosing diametrically opposed cases of Siberian cities (Novosibirsk and Novokuznetsk). In the late 80s, cities had little chance for growth, development and viability of economy, politics and culture, but the political processes had led to different trajectories of power groups and regimes formation, according to the models of “coordination” and “control”

DESTRUCTIVE EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES AT UNIVERSITY

The article is devoted to problems of origin and development of destructive educational practices at university. The authors focus on complex of interactions that disturb the existing in the academic environment norms and ethical principles. The most vivid evidence of destructive educational practice is the corruption issue. On the basis of the analyzed publications dealing with dynamics of corruption in the Russian higher education and the results of the survey by questionnaire, carried out at the technical university, the complex of recommendations has been prepared and suggested that is directed at minimization of destructive behavior at university

Features of destruction of a ferrite-martensitic composite

The behavior of a crack in steel with the structure of a ferriticmartensitic composite is studied. The modes of heat treatment for obtaining a composite structure with alternating layers of ferrite and martensite are given. The kinetics of crack development during cyclic tests was studied. The obtained data show that the rate of development of the crack in the material with the structure of the composite is substantially lower than for the usual sorbite structure. It is shown that the frontal growth of the crack in the composite is carried out with “stops”, on which the matrix deforms and its stratification occurs in the direction normal to the front of the crack motion

Features of destruction of a ferrite-martensitic composite

The behavior of a crack in steel with the structure of a ferriticmartensitic composite is studied. The modes of heat treatment for obtaining a composite structure with alternating layers of ferrite and martensite are given. The kinetics of crack development during cyclic tests was studied. The obtained data show that the rate of development of the crack in the material with the structure of the composite is substantially lower than for the usual sorbite structure. It is shown that the frontal growth of the crack in the composite is carried out with “stops”, on which the matrix deforms and its stratification occurs in the direction normal to the front of the crack motion