The conversion of guanine to hypoxanthine in rat-liver extracts

Crude dialyzed homogenates of rat liver convert [14C]guanine to hypoxanthine. This conversion is stimulated by the addition of ATP, ribose-5-phosphate, and DPN.H. The data presented are consistent with the idea that the reductive deamination takes place at the nucleotide level and by a pathway not involving opening of the purine ring.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32446/1/0000528.pd

Solar Energy Validation for Strategic Investment Planning via Comparative Data Mining Methods: An Expanded Example within the Cities of Turkey

Energy supply together with the data management is one of the key challenges of our century. Specifically, to decrease the climate change effects as energy requirement increases day by day poses a serious dilemma. It can be adequately reconciled with innovative data management in (renewable) energy technologies. The new environmental-friendly planning methods and investments that are discussed by researchers, governments, NGOs, and companies will give the basic and most important variables in shaping the future. We use modern data mining methods (SOM and K-Means) and official governmental statistics for clustering cities according to their consumption similarities, the level of welfare, and growth rate and compare them with their potential of renewable resources with the help of Rapid Miner 5.1 and MATLAB software. The data mining was chosen to make the possible secret relations visible within the variables that can be unpredictable at first sight. Here, we aim to see the success level of the chosen algorithms in validation process simultaneously with the utilized software. Additionally, we aim to improve innovative approach for decision-makers and stakeholders about which renewable resource is the most suitable for an exact region by taking care of different variables at the same time

Detection of α-Thalassemia by Using Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification as an Additional Method for Rare Mutations in Southern Turkey

α-thalassemia is the most common single gene disorder in the Cukurova Region in Turkey. It is therefore routinely screened, including premaritally, in our region. The heterogeneous molecular basis of the disease makes α-thalassemia mutation detection difficult and complex. Besides well established methods, multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is known as an effective, simple and specific method for the detection and characterization of deletions and duplications. We employed MLPA testing to 30 patients with hematological parameters suggestive of α-thalassemia carrier status but was negative for α-thalassemia with conventional reverse dot blot hybridization (RDB). We found α-globin gene deletions in 3 out of 30 (10 %) patients with MLPA. We propose that MLPA can be used as a second tier test in addition to other techniques such as RDB to identify α-thalassemia carriers in high prevalence regions such as ours, thereby allowing clinicians to provide accurate genetic counselling

Development of a methodology for predicting particle attrition in a cyclone by CFD-DEM

Cyclones are commonly used in the process industry to separate entrained particles from gas streams. Particles entering a cyclone are subjected to a centrifugal force field, driving them to the cyclone walls, where they experience collisional and rapid shearing stresses. Consequently, particle attrition and erosion of the cyclone walls occur, depending on the mechanical properties of the particles and cyclone walls. In this work, the attrition of manganese oxide particles, intended for use in the Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) process, flowing through a standard design cyclone (Stairmand design) is analysed as an example by considering surface damage processes of chipping and wear. A new methodology is developed, whereby Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) simulations are used to analyse the particle motion and interactions with the cyclone walls. The approach is then coupled with breakage models of chipping and wear to predict the extent of attrition. The impact breakage due to chipping is evaluated experimentally first as a function of particle size and impact angle and velocity. The data are fitted to the chipping model of Ghadiri and Zhang. The model is then coupled with the frequency of collisions and impact velocity, obtained from the CFD-DEM simulation, to work out the particle attrition by chipping. For surface wear the model of Archard is used to account for particle wear by shearing against the walls. The outcome of the work provides a methodology for describing the extent of attrition in different regions of the cyclone

α-thalassaemia

Alpha-thalassaemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by a microcytic hypochromic anaemia, and a clinical phenotype varying from almost asymptomatic to a lethal haemolytic anaemia

Mutations in CDC45, Encoding an Essential Component of the Pre-initiation Complex, Cause Meier-Gorlin Syndrome and Craniosynostosis

DNA replication precisely duplicates the genome to ensure stable inheritance of genetic information. Impaired licensing of origins of replication during the G1 phase of the cell cycle has been implicated in Meier-Gorlin syndrome (MGS), a disorder defined by the triad of short stature, microtia, and a/hypoplastic patellae. Biallelic partial loss-of-function mutations in multiple components of the pre-replication complex (preRC; ORC1, ORC4, ORC6, CDT1, or CDC6) as well as de novo stabilizing mutations in the licensing inhibitor, GMNN, cause MGS. Here we report the identification of mutations in CDC45 in 15 affected individuals from 12 families with MGS and/or craniosynostosis. CDC45 encodes a component of both the pre-initiation (preIC) and CMG helicase complexes, required for initiation of DNA replication origin firing and ongoing DNA synthesis during S-phase itself, respectively, and hence is functionally distinct from previously identified MGS-associated genes. The phenotypes of affected individuals range from syndromic coronal craniosynostosis to severe growth restriction, fulfilling diagnostic criteria for Meier-Gorlin syndrome. All mutations identified were biallelic and included synonymous mutations altering splicing of physiological CDC45 transcripts, as well as amino acid substitutions expected to result in partial loss of function. Functionally, mutations reduce levels of full-length transcripts and protein in subject cells, consistent with partial loss of CDC45 function and a predicted limited rate of DNA replication and cell proliferation. Our findings therefore implicate the preIC as an additional protein complex involved in the etiology of MGS and connect the core cellular machinery of genome replication with growth, chondrogenesis, and cranial suture homeostasis

Erythrocyte membrane ATPases of AS and SS subjects

Erythrocyte membranes of normal, AS, and SS subjects were prepared and the specific activities of membrane ATPases of each were determined. Also G6PD activities of the above mentioned red cells were determined. The Na+KK+/Mg2+ dependent ATPase was significantly decreased in AS by 7% and by 5% in SS subjects as compared with controls. The Ca2+/Mg2+ ATPase activity was by far the most affected. A 9% increase in AS and 11% increase in SS subjects as compared with normals were observed. The Mg2+ ATPase showed variable results, an increase in AS, and a decrease in SS from control values being noted. Of ATPases in controls only the Mg2+ ATPase showed a significant variation between males and females. G6PD activity and pump enzymes of controls and AS and SS subjects showed no significant correlation, P > 0.05

The diagnostic value of GGT and A1FP in liver diseases

Serum ? glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) determinations are useful in the diagnosis and follow up of liver disease, especially in metastatic tumors in comparison to other liver function tests. In this work serum ? glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, bilirubin, protein electrophoresis and ?-fetoprotein (?1FP) were determined in patients with various liver diseases at the gastroenterology and general surgery clinics of the Cukurova Medical Faculty Hospital. Control samples of blood were taken from blood donors. The GGT levels showed a significant rise in comparison to other liver function tests and was therefore found to be of superior diagnostic value

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY IN INNOVATION MANAGEMENT OF SMES IN SOUTHERN TURKEY

International Management Conference on Role of Management in the Economic Paradigm of the XXIst Century -- NOV 02-04, 2017 -- Bucharest, ROMANIAWOS: 000466917100027There has been very important changes in the world after globalization and advances in technology. Increasing rivalry has forced companies to be managed better using new management approaches and methods in order to survive. SMEs are more vulnerable in this competition due to limited budget and restricted management styles. Innovation has become one of the most important solution to this challenge in recent years. The objective of this study is to find out the effects of information systems and technology on SMEs innovation management approaches in Turkey. While the material of the study was collected through questionnaires, nonparametric statistical analysis was applied for hypothesis testing. We sent 2000 surveys to the SMEs located in Southern Turkey and 103 surveys were collected.: HI Participants think that "Their company is innovative", Hi. Participants think that "Innovation is important for their industry", H Participants think that "IT leverages innovation". According to the findings: i. 70.9 % of respondents claim that strategy is important for competitiveness. ii.59.2 % of them claim that their company has a strategic plan. iii.68.9 % think that strong rivalry exists in their industry. iv.69.9 % say that IT is an important enabler in innovation. v. 70.9 % mention that innovation is one of the main part of their strategy. As a result, most of the SMEs in Turkey are aware of the importance of innovation and also the role of IT as an enabler of innovation. However, it is found that SMEs' infrastructure of IT is not adequate enough to compete and survive in the world.Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Fac Managemen