Preservation of indigenous knowledge (IK) by public libraries in Westcliff, Chatsworth, Durban

Magister Library and Information Studies - MLISThe aim of this research was to investigate the current awareness of indigenous knowledge (IK) among the youth in the Indian community in Westcliff, Chatsworth, in the Durban area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The research sought to establish how IK is viewed by the youth and librarians, and whether - since IK is predominantly oral - there was a need to capture, document and preserve it within public libraries. Martin and Mirraboopa's (2003) framework for indigenist research provided a theoretical basis for the study and informed its qualitative research design. Two methods of data collection were used: (i) focus groups with youth of Westcliff, Chatsworth; and (ii) semistructured interviews with librarians at the local public library. The study revealed that there is a dire need to preserve IK in Westcliff, Chatsworth. IK was seen as important knowledge and the librarians and youth who participated recognised that if IK was not preserved it would be lost to future generations. Librarians interviewed also saw the need to preserve IK, recognising its importance and holding the view that the preservation of IK was a function that public libraries should perform but were not performing. The study also highlighted the need for community access to IK. The fact that IK is not currently stored in public libraries meant that there were no formal mechanisms to access this vital area of knowledge. Digital technology was recognised as a viable means to capture, document and preserve IK. This emerged from both the focus group discussions and the semi-structured interviews. IK was seen as an important prerequisite to cultural continuity in the Westcliff community. Librarians recognised that they lacked the skills and training to collect, document and preserve IK in their communities, but indicated that they were willing to learn how to do this, if appropriate instruction could be provided. The study made several recommendations for immediate practical steps to be taken, including the preservation of IK in video or audio formats, for deposit in the community's public library and curation by librarians; the recording of IK as practised at home through young people keeping a diary of family rituals, prayers and customs; the preservation of IK on websites created and maintained by librarians in public libraries; and the necessary and urgent participation of elders in the community who are the living carriers of IK

Senses of Sen: Reflections on Amartya Sen’s Ideas of Justice

This review essay explores how Amartya Sen’s recent book, The Idea of Justice, is relevant and important for the development and assessment of transnational theories and applications to transnational justice and legal education programs. The essay captures a trans-jural dialogue of multinational scholars and teachers, discussing Sen’s contributions to moral justice theory (criticizing programs for “transcendental institutionalism” (like Rawlsian theory) and instead focusing on “comparative broadening” including empirical, relative, and comparative assessments of programs to ameliorate injustice in the world in its comparative concreteness (as in Indian social justice theory and Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments and related work). The authors are professors in the transnational legal education program, the Center for Transnational Legal Studies, sponsored by over 25 different law schools, located in London. They teach courses in a wide variety of subjects, including comparative legal theory, constitutional law, business and legal ethics, moral and legal philosophy, international and comparative law, capital markets and business law, emergency powers, international dispute resolution and a variety of other common and civil law subjects

Adsorption of Pb(II) from Water onto ZnO, TiO2, and Al2O3: Process Study, Adsorption Behaviour, and Thermodynamics

This study is aimed at comparing the use of zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) for removing lead ions from water through adsorption. The point of zero charge was obtained for ZnO, TiO2, and Al2O3 and was found to be 7.3, 7.1, and 9.0, respectively. The effect of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentrations, and temperature was investigated in batch experiments. The optimal conditions obtained were 7, 2 g/L, 120 mins, 100 ppm, and 41°C, respectively, where the optimal removal efficiencies were 98.43%, 96.45%, and 85.50% for ZnO, TiO2, and Al2O3, respectively. In addition, analyses of adsorption kinetics, mechanisms, isotherms, and thermodynamics were performed. The adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) were compared to popular models, and it was found that the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model best fitted the Pb(II) uptake for all adsorbents at correlation coefficient (R2≥0.96). The adsorption isotherms of Pb(II) were also compared to popular models, and it was found that the Pb(II) uptake by TiO2 and ZnO was well-described by the Langmuir model (R2≥0.96) with maximum adsorption capacities of 55.04 and 58.88 mg/g, respectively. On the other hand, the behaviour of Al2O3 is described more accurately by the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) model (R2=0.96), and the maximum adsorption capacity was 53.64 mg/g. The isotherm analysis proved that the limiting step of the adsorption process is the film diffusion mechanism. In addition, studying the heat of adsorption of Pb(II) implied that the adsorption is endothermic due to the positive values of enthalpy (ΔH°≥30) for all adsorbents. The absorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to study the morphology of surfaces and the chemical characterization of the adsorbents to ensure that adsorption is achieved. ZnO showed better performance for the uptake of lead followed by TiO2 then Al2O3

Penyuluhan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Untuk Pengembangan Karir Pasca Kelulusan Sekolah SMK Pluit Raya Penjaringan Jakarta Utara

Pengembangan diri dengan membentuk karakter diri, mengelola kemampuan yang dimiliki, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan diri dan mampu menciptakan kesiapan membuat keputusan karir yang tepat bagi masa depan dan menumbuhkan motivasi bagi para siswa-siswi agar bisa merangsang keaktifan dan kreativitas siswa-siswi, dimana perencanaan karir adalah sesuatu yang menyangkut masa depan dalam jangka panjang yang harus direncanakan sejak jauh hari, merencanakan kemana seseorang ingin melangkah dan apa yang ingin dicapai.Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Diri, Perencanaan KarirSelf-development by forming self-character, managing the abilities possessed, increasing knowledge and skills and able to create readiness to make career decisions that are right for the future and foster motivation for students to stimulate the activeness and creativity of students, where career planning is something that concerns the future in the long term that must be planned from a long time, planning where one wants to go and what they want to achieve. Keywords: Self-development, Career plannin

Total synthesis of (±)-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline

Wittig olefination–Claisen rearrangement protocol was applied to obtain 3-allyl oxindole. This oxindole was then converted to (±)-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline

Zeolite catalyzed solvent-free one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones – A practical synthesis of monastrol

A zeolite-catalyzed, simple, one-pot, solvent-free, cost effective, and environmentally benign process for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidones is described. This reaction is scaleable to multigram scale and the catalyst is recyclable. This methodology has resulted in an efficient synthesis of monastrol, a potent inhibitor of kinesin Eg5