Tutte polynomial of a small-world farey graph

In this paper, we find recursive formulas for the Tutte polynomial of a family of small-world networks: Farey graphs, which are modular and have an exponential degree hierarchy. Then, making use of these formulas, we determine the number of spanning trees, as well as the number of connected spanning subgraphs. Furthermore, we also derive exact expressions for the chromatic polynomial and the reliability polynomial of these graphs.Comment: 6 page

Impact of A Rising Chinese Economy and ASEAN’s Responses

The emergence of China as one of the largest trading nation provides challenges and opportunities to its neighboring ASEAN countries. In the face of the rise of China, there were concerns that ASEAN economies may be adversely affected. One of the concerns is that the world export markets of labor intensive goods will be threatened if China turns into the world low cost manufacturing workshop. Meanwhile, trade between China and ASEAN countries increased dramatically during the past decade. Not surprisingly, China’s accession to WTO and the future establishment of a Free Trade Area (FTA) between ASEAN and China will further change the trade relations between the two areas. The paper analyses the past trade patterns between China and ASEAN countries and find out the impact of the FTA on ASEAN countries, in particular, the impacts to specific industries in each individual country. Secondly, the paper also examines the ever increasing role of foreign direct investment between the two regions and finally, it analyzes the possible policy responses of the ASEAN countries and consequences of these policies.ASEAN trade policy, rising Chinese economy

Variable Frequency Drive Applications in HVAC Systems

Building heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are designed to operate at the peak load, which only occurs in a very short period of time throughout the year. One of the most effective ways to improve building energy efficiency is to utilize the variable frequency drives (VFDs). They are widely used in the HVAC field, including fans, pumps, compressors, etc. In a VFD-equipped system, the VFD adjusts the speed of one or more motors based on the system load requirements and operation schedule, resulting in a dramatic cut in energy consumption