Investigating the Role of Network Exteranlities and Perceived Value in User Loyalty Toward a SNS Site: Integrating Network Externalities and VTSL Model

As the number of SNSs increases, it is challenging for SNS providers to obtain and retain user loyalty toward a SNS site. By integrating both network externalities theory and VTSL (Value-Trust-Satisfaction-Loyalty) model, we propose a research model to investigate how perceived value derived from network externalities affects trust in SNS site and user satisfaction, which further lead to user loyalty. Data analysis was conducted using a total of 267 responses. The results show that perceived network size and perceived complementarity exert significant effect on functional, emotional, and social value. It is also shown that functional and social value influence positively on trust in SNS site, but emotional value is not related to trust. Functional and emotional value are found to be significant determinants of user satisfaction, however social value is not related to user satisfaction. User satisfaction is found to be a strong determinant of user loyalty. Given the findings, SNS providers need to increase network size and accommodate complementary services, applications, and supporting tools to obtain and retain user loyalty

Effect of grain boundaries on ion migration in stabilized δ-Bi2O3 thin- film electrolyte

Solid electrolytes with high oxygen-ion conductivity are of significant interest for many applications. Over the past several decades, numerous studies have been conducted on the effect of grain boundaries on the process of increasing the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes. Given that nanocrystalline thin- or thick-films have been investigated in relation to lowering the operating temperature of solid electrolytes to less than 650 °C, more rigorous and quantitative assessments are necessary to determine how the ion transport characteristics are affected by the numerous interfaces formed in nano-grains devices. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF NETWORK EXTERANLITIES AND PERCEIVED VALUE IN USER LOYALTY TOWARD A SNS SITE: INTEGRATING NETWORK EXTERNALITIES AND VTSL MODEL

Abstract As the number of SNSs increases, it is challenging for SNS providers to obtain and retai

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The role of social support and social networks in smoking behavior among middle and older aged people in rural areas of South Korea: A cross-sectional study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Although the number of studies on anti-smoking interventions has increased, studies focused on identifying social contextual factors in rural areas are scarce. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of social support and social networks in smoking behavior among middle and older aged people living in rural areas of South Korea.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study employed a cross-sectional design. Participants included 1,057 adults, with a mean age of 60.7 years, residing in rural areas. Information on participants' tobacco use, stress, social support, and social networks was collected using structured questionnaires. The chi-square test, the t-test, ANOVA, and logistic regression were used for data analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The overall smoking prevalence in the study was 17.4% (men, 38.8%; women, 5.1%). Overall, stress was high among women, and social support was high among men. Smokers had high levels of social support (t = -2.90, p = .0038) and social networks (t = -2.22, p = .0271), as compared to non- and former smokers. Those in the high social support group were likely to be smokers (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.15-4.26). Women with moderate social ties were less likely to smoke (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.05-0.61).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There was a protective role of a moderate social network level among women, and a high level of social support was associated with smoking behaviors in rural areas. Findings suggest the need for a comprehensive understanding of the functions and characteristics of social contextual factors including social support and social networks in order to conduct more effective anti-smoking interventions in rural areas.</p

Portulaca oleracea Ameliorates Diabetic Vascular Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in db/db Mice

Type 2 diabetes is associated with significantly accelerated rates of micro- and macrovascular complications such as diabetic vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea L. (AP), an edible plant used as a folk medicine, on diabetic vascular complications. The db/db mice were treated with AP (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 10 weeks, and AP treatment markedly lowered blood glucose, plasma triglyceride, plasma level of LDL-cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure in diabetic db/db mice. Furthermore, AP significantly increased plasma level of HDL-cholesterol and insulin level. The impairment of ACh- and SNP-induced vascular relaxation of aortic rings were ameliorated by AP treatment in diabetic db/db mice. This study also showed that overexpression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, MMP-2, and ET-1 were observed in aortic tissues of untreated db/db mice, which were significantly suppressed by treatment with AP. We also found that the insulin immunoreactivity of the pancreatic islets remarkably increased in AP treated db/db mice compared with untreated db/db mice. Taken together, AP suppresses hyperglycemia and diabetic vascular inflammation, and prevents the development of diabetic endothelial dysfunction for the development of diabetes and its vascular complications

Comparison of the Transcutaneous Bilirubin Readings at the Forehead during Crying with Those during Quiet State in Neonatal Jaundice

We compared TcB readings at the forehead and the mid-sternum during crying with those during quiet state in 70 healthy full-term neonates in order to investigate the effect of crying on TcB readings by using a Minolta/ Air-Shields Jaundice Meter. The average TcB reading at the forehead during quiet state was 18.37 + 2.41, while during crying the average reading were 17.07 + 2.20. TcB readings at the forehead during crying was significantly decreased compared with the TcB readings during quiet state with a difference of 1.30+0.96(r=0.78, P<O.OI). The average TcB reading at the mid-sternum during quiet state was 17.07+ 1.66, while during crying the average reading was 16.80 + 1.66. TcB readings at the mid-sternum during crying were not significantly decreased compared with TcB readings during quiet state with the difference of 0.20+0.90(P>0.05). The decreasing effect of crying at the forehead was more influential -at the higher TcB reading(TcB>20) than at the lower TcB reading(l5<TcB<20), while at the mid-sternum there was no crying effect on both the lower and the higher TcB readings. As mechanisms of the effect of crying on TcB readings at the forehead, we suggest that wrinkling causes the scattering of light by poor contact between the TcB probe and the surface of the forehead skin and the hemodynamyc effect, that of hemoconcentration and changes of skin color during crying. In conclusion, we should be careful when measuring TcB at the forehead because the babies often cry during measurements. We recommend that TcB measurements at the forehead should be taken during quiet state at the newborn nursery

The Effect of Competitive Advantage and Human Advantage on Industrial Competitive Strategy (Case Study: Smis in Gorontalo Province)

Small and Medium Industries (SMIs) have a strategic role in the Indonesian economy, as they earn 61.9 percent of the foreign exchange which goes to make up the nation\u27s Gross Domestic Product, and nationally they are able to absorb 97 percent of the workforce. The Global Competitiveness Report also notes that SMIs serve as the business units that affect every nation\u27s competitiveness. Considering this strategic role, the selection of a competitive strategy for these SMIs is absolutely necessary. Through an in-depth literature review, this study aims to explore what variables influence the competitive strategy of industries, particularly the SMIs. By using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a total of 31 main literature (articles, papers and books), this study has found two dominant factors that influence industrial competitive strategy: Competitive advantage and human advantage, which are subsequently developed into six independent variables (construct variables), i.e. cost, delivery, product quality, product variety, know-how and innovativeness, with a total of 44 indicators. The results of measurements of the sample of SMIs in Gorontalo Province, using Structural Equation Modeling, found that both competitive advantage and human advantage jointly influence 40.2 percent of the industrial competitive strategies. These results indicate that competitive strategies, such as creating products with unique features, on-time delivery, flexibility in production, and employee involvement in the innovations, are indispensable to SMIs in order for them to produce quality products and be able to maintain their advantage

Effect of an Ethanol Extract of Scutellaria baicalensis on Relaxation in Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle

Aims of study. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether an ethanol extract of Scutellaria baicalensis (ESB) relaxes penile corpus cavernosum muscle in organ bath experiments. Materials and methods. Changes in tension of cavernous smooth muscle strips were determined by penile strip chamber model and in penile perfusion model. Isolated endothelium-intact rabbit corpus cavernosum was precontracted with phenylephrine (PE) and then treated with ESB. Results. ESB relaxed penile smooth muscle in a dose-dependent manner, and this was inhibited by pre-treatment with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, and 1H-[1, 2, 4]-oxadiazolo-[4,3-α]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor. ESB-induced relaxation was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with tetraethylammonium (TEA), a nonselective K+ channel blocker, and charybdotoxin, a selective Ca2+-dependent K+ channel inhibitor. ESB increased the cGMP levels of rabbit corpus cavernosum in a concentration-dependent manner without changes in cAMP levels. In a perfusion model of penile tissue, ESB also relaxed penile corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion. Taken together, these results suggest that ESB relaxed rabbit cavernous smooth muscle via the NO/cGMP system and Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels in the corpus cavernosum