Direct search for solar axions by using strong magnetic field and X-ray detectors

We have searched for axions which could be produced in the solar core by exploiting their conversion to X rays in a strong laboratory magnetic field. The signature of the solar axion is an increase in the rate of the X rays detected in a magnetic helioscope when the sun is within its acceptance. From the absence of such a signal we set a 95% confidence level limit on the axion coupling to two photons $g_{a\gamma\gamma}\equiv 1/M < 6.0\times 10^{-10}$ GeV$^{-1}$, provided the axion mass $m_a<0.03$ eV. The limit on the coupling is factor 4.5 more stringent than the recent experimental result. This is the first experiment whose sensitivity to $g_{a\gamma\gamma}$ is higher than the limit constrained by the solar age consideration.Comment: 11 pages, REVTeX, 4 eps figures included, submitted to PL

&quot;Make Someone Happy&quot;: Romantic Gift Giving of Teenagers in Japan

Romantic gift giving practices of teenagers in socioeconomically troubled Japan are examined. The teenagers&apos; gift giving orientations are influenced by the gender and gift giving socialization and the media. Four emergent themes manifest as the synthetic cosmic order, Disneyfied intimate sphere, body and soul, and playing liquid romance

A Comparison of the Predictive Role of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Immunonutritional Parameters for Postoperative Complications in Elderly Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is reportedly a useful factor for predicting postoperative complications in elderly patients with several cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between postoperative complications and the GNRI in elderly patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods The clinical data of 62 patients who were ≥65 years old and underwent open surgery for RCC were analyzed retrospectively. The American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, Charlson comorbidity index, surgical procedure, body mass index, GNRI, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), psoas muscle index (PMI), visceral fat area, and subcutaneous fat area were examined. The association of the GNRI and immunonutritional parameters with postoperative complications was analyzed by the univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Grade ≥ II postoperative complications evaluated by the Clavien-Dindo classification were seen in 11 out of 62 cases. In the Spearman’s correlation test, the GNRI showed a significant negative correlation with the PLR and NLR and a significant positive correlation with the PMI. The group with postoperative complications showed a significantly lower GNRI, higher PLR, and higher NLR than those without complications. In the multivariate analysis, a GNRI ≤92 was independently associated with postoperative complications. Conclusion The GNRI might play an important role in evaluation of the risk of postoperative complications in open surgery for elderly RCC patients