固液界面の原子レベル"その場"観察-カルサイトの水和構造と成長速度に対する添加物効果-

Tohoku University中村智樹課

きもの産業の縮小原因把握に関する先行研究整理

きもの産業はピークの2兆円産業から6分の1にまで縮小している。 本稿はその縮小原因を．先行研究から分析し. (1)生活スタイルの変化，(2)高付加価値化戦略，(3)産業の組織構造の問題の 3点に整理した。 生活スタイルの変化による需要減少に伴い， 生き残りをかけてきもの産業がとった戦略は． 高付加価値戦略， フォ ーマル路線戦略であった。 しかし． いまや消費者のニ ーズ は高級路線から変化している。 それにもかかわらず． きもの業界は， きもの＝高級品という図式 に固執し． ますます消費者ニー ズと乖離する「高付加価値化の罠」とも呼ぶぺき状況にある。 本 稿では． ぎもの産業が高付加価値化の罠に陥った理由に，「伝統」という要素が深く関わってい るのではないかという仮説を立てた。 そして先行研究整理を通じ． 生産流通過程において．高級 化路線をもたらす分業システムが硬直的に垂直統合されており， 簡単には変えられず従来の高級 路線に縛られているために， きもの産業が「高付加価値化の罠」から脱却できないとのロジック を析出した。 これはドメスティックな消費慣習に依存して， それを破壊してまで新しい市湯機会 にチャレンジすることを躊躇する日本のものづくり産業全般の業界状況と重なる話である。 こ れまでに各種の対策が提言されているが， 国や自治体の一律的な政策は， 主因である構造的な問 題が未解決のままであり． 現場で機能していないことが多い。 きものを生産する現場は， 日本全 国各地に存在し，その地域と風土を活かしたきもの作りを行っている。そこで，地域特異性を考慮した． きもの産業の構造の再編成の重要性と有効性を，今後の検討課題として整理する。The market scale of the kimono industry has suffered drastic decrease to one-sixth of its peak of 2 trillion yen since 1981. This paper provides an analysis of three causes of the shrinkage: (1) a westernized lifestyle, (2) a high value-added strategy, and (3) the problem of organization structure. The demand for kimonos has fallen with a more westernized lifestyle, and the industry requires a high value-added strategy and makes kimono more formal, expensive to survive. But the needs of consumers are diversified nowadays. Some consumers need not only a formal kimono but also one for daily use to enjoy the Japanese culture. Nevertheless, the kimono industry persists in perceiving kimonos as strictly traditional, formal, and expensive. The kimono industry separates the production systems, and unifies the multilayered distribution systems vertically. The rigid, complex structure of the kimono industry resists change easily. Previous research analyzed the structure of the industry that keeps kimonos expensive. The kimono industry, the government, and scholars have proposed various solutions that have thus far been unsuccessful. The government has created policies that are far from reality. How to change the industry structure varies from region to region, and understanding the problem remains an issue. This paper concludes that we need to reorganize the structure from a regional perspective in the future

Formation of Organogel In Situ Based on a Dynamic Imine Bond

A simple approach for creating organogel in situ through formation of a reversible imine bond known as a dynamic covalent bond is described. As the condensations of the glutamate-based amine compounds and salicylaldehyde or 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde in alcohols such as MeOH, EtOH and propanol as well as DMF proceed, gelation occurs in situ depending on the condition. Addition of a small amount of acid and water to a resultant gel induces its collapse due to returning to the corresponding amines and aldehydes. No such a gelation was observed when combining benzaldehyde or naphthaldehyde

Visualization of Charge Migration in Conductive Polymers via Time-Resolved Electrostatic Force Microscopy

Charge dynamics play an important role in numerous natural phenomena and artificial devices, and tracking charge migration and recombination is crucial for understanding the mechanism and function of systems involving charge transfer. Tip-synchronized pump–probe electrostatic force microscopy simultaneously permits highly sensitive detection, microsecond time resolution, and nanoscale spatial resolution, where the spatial distribution in static measurement (usual EFM) reflects differences in the carrier density and the time evolution reveals the surface carrier mobility. By using this method, carrier injection and ejection in sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) thin films were visualized. Comparison of tr-EFM results of SPAN thin films with different doping levels revealed the individual differences in carrier density and mobility

Circadian Rhythms Fluctuate the Treatment Effects of Intravesical Treatments on Rat Urinary Frequency Models

Objectives. It is still not clear how the intravesical instillation of drugs affects rat urinary frequency. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of intravesical treatments' treatment effect on rat urinary frequency models by real-time and extended monitoring using a novel continuous urination monitoring system. Methods. Nine eleven-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups to receive intravesical instillation of 0.1% acetic acid (AA), 1.0% AA, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Thirty minutes later, these drugs were voided, and rats were moved to a continuous urination monitoring system, UM-100. UM-100 monitored rat urination quantitatively and continuously for 24 hours. Rats were then euthanized, and histopathologic examinations using a damage score validated the severity of bladder inflammation. We used nine additional rats to determine the treatment effect of various drugs against the urinary frequency. These rats were also treated with 1.0% AA in the same way and divided into three groups (n = 3 each) to receive intravesical instillation of lidocaine, silver nitrate (AgNO3), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively. Thirty minutes later, rats were catheterized again and moved to the UM-100, and their voiding was monitored for 24 hours. Results. Intravesical instillation of AA increased the urinary frequency and decreased the mean voided volume (VV) in a concentration-dependent manner, with statistical significance at a concentration of 1.0% (urinary frequency; p = 0.0007 , mean VV; p = 0.0032 , respectively) compared with PBS. Histopathological analysis of these models demonstrated a significantly higher damage score of bladder mucosa in both 0.1% AA and 1.0% AA compared with PBS, with the severity in concordance with the clinical severity of urinary frequency (0.1% AA: p < 0.0001 , 1.0% AA: p < 0.0001 ). Moreover, intravesical instillation of lidocaine, AgNO3, and DMSO decreased the urinary frequency. Continuous monitoring with UM-100 also demonstrated that the treatment effect of these intravesically instilled drugs occurred only at night. Conclusions. The extended monitoring of rat urination by UM-100 revealed a significant fluctuation in the treatment effect of intravesically instilled drugs between day and night. These findings may help establish novel therapies for urinary frequency

1250nm帯モード同期クロム・フォルステライトレーザーを光源とした第2高調波発生光顕微鏡によるヒト顔皮膚の老化性真皮コラーゲン構造変化のその場観察

In vivo visualization of human skin aging is demonstrated using a Cr:Forsterite (Cr:F) laser-based, collagen-sensitive second harmonic generation (SHG) microscope. The deep penetration into human skin, as well as the specific sensitivity to collagen molecules, achieved by this microscope enables us to clearly visualize age-related structural changes of collagen fiber in the reticular dermis. Here we investigated intrinsic aging and/or photoaging in the male facial skin. Young subjects show dense distributions of thin collagen fibers, whereas elderly subjects show coarse distributions of thick collagen fibers. Furthermore, a comparison of SHG images between young and elderly subjects with and without a recent life history of excessive sun exposure show that a combination of photoaging with intrinsic aging significantly accelerates skin aging. We also perform image analysis based on two-dimensional Fourier transformation of the SHG images and extracted an aging parameter for human skin. The in vivo collagen-sensitive SHG microscope will be a powerful tool in fields such as cosmeceutical sciences and anti-aging dermatology.博士（医学）・乙第1311号・平成25年5月29

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, with metastasis to the heart: a case report

A rare case is presented of a 61-year-old man with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, with metastasis to the heart. The primary tumor originated in the right thigh in 1982. Since then, the patient has had repeated local recurrences in spite of repeated surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy. He has developed previous metastases of the lung and heart. The patient died of cardiac involvement