catena-Poly[[[diaqua­cobalt(II)]bis­(μ-1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane-κ2 N:N′)] bis­(perchlorate) bis­(1,3-di-4-pyridyl­propane) bis­(2-methyl-4-nitro­aniline)]

In the title compound, {[Co(C13H14N2)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2·2C13H14N2·2C7H8N2O2}n, the CoII ion lies on a crystallographic inversion center and is coordinated by four N atoms from four symmetry-related 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane ligands and two O atoms from two water ligands in a slightly distorted octa­hedral coordination environment. The 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane ligands are doubly bridging and connect the CoII ions into one-dimensional chains. The asymmetric unit also contains one uncoordinated 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane mol­ecule, one 2-methyl-4-nitro­aniline mol­ecule and one perchlorate anion. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect the one-dimensional chains into a two-dimensional network

3-Cyano­anilinium iodide monohydrate

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C7H7N2 +·I−·H2O, [C7H7N2 +]n chains extending along the a-axis direction are linked via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The cations are further connected to the anions by N—H⋯I, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯I hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of a sheet parallel to the ac plane. π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8378 (7) Å] link the sheets into a three-dimensional network

Di-μ-aqua-bis­{triaqua­[5-(1-oxopyridin-4-yl)tetra­zol-1-ido]sodium}

In the title compound, [Na2(C6H4N5O)2(H2O)8], the NaI atom is in a distorted octahedral environment defined by six O atoms, one from the 5-(1-oxopyridin-4-yl)tetra­zolide anion and five from water mol­ecules. Two water mol­ecules act as bridging ligands, resulting in the formation of dimeric units organized around inversion centers. In the organic anion, the pyridine and tetra­zole rings are nearly coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 4.62 (1)°. The dimeric units and organic anions are connected by O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network

Giant mesoscopic spin Hall effect on surface of topological insulator

We study mesoscopic spin Hall effect on the surface of topological insulator with a step-function potential. The giant spin polarization induced by a transverse electric current is derived analytically by using McMillan method in the ballistic transport limit, which oscillates across the potential boundary with no confinement from the potential barrier due to the Klein paradox, and should be observable in spin resolved scanning tunneling microscope.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

4-(1H-Tetra­zol-5-yl)pyridinium bromide

In the cation of the title compound, C6H6N5 +·Br−, the pyridine and tetra­zole rings are nearly coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 6.41 (2)°. The organic cations inter­act with the Br− anions by N—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of chains parallel to the b axis

Hexaaqua­magnesium dibromide 5-(pyridinium-3-yl)tetra­zol-1-ide

In the title compound, [Mg(H2O)6]Br2·2C6H5N5, the MgII atom, lying on an inversion center, is coordinated by six water mol­ecules in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The pyridine and tetra­zole rings in the 5-(pyridinium-3-yl)tetra­zol-1-ide zwitterion are nearly coplanar, twisted from each other by a dihedral angle of 5.70 (1)°. The zwitterions, Br anions and complex cations are connected by O—H⋯Br, O—H⋯N and N—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network

Tipping the Scale to Bring a Balanced Approach: Evidence Disclosure in Chinese International Arbitration

Due to the ever-increasing trade between China and the rest of the world, commercial disputes have risen dramatically. Many foreign companies choose to resolve these disputes through arbitration to circumvent the Chinese courts and to retain more autonomy and control. Arbitration itself can also be a problem because rules and laws differ, depending on the jurisdiction and the institution involved. Under China’s civil law tradition, arbitrators are restricted in their ability to force parties to disclose evidence that may be detrimental to their case. Additionally, arbitrators have no authority to obtain evidence from uncooperative third parties. This Article seeks to provide some guidance for parties engaged in arbitration proceedings in China