Current State of Investigations in Surface Chemistry, Adsorption and Ion Exchange in Ukraine

Studies in surface chemistry, adsorption, ion exchange and the practical application of adsorbents and ion exchangers currently being performed in Institutes of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Ukrainian universities and institutes for applied studies supervised by the Ukrainian Ministry of Industrial Policy are summarised. The origins, development and current state of these works are reviewed along with their significance for surface science, Ukrainian industry and environmental protection

Quantum Chemical Study of the Interaction of Water Molecules with a Partially Oxidized Graphite Surface

Quantum chemical (MNDO-PM3) and molecular mechanical calculations are presented for some models describing the interaction of water molecules with hydrophilic adsorption centres on the initial and oxidized basal surface of graphitized carbon black particles. The fact that the calculation results are in reasonable agreement with available experimental data indicates the capability of the methods used to describe the properties of such adsorption systems

Hydrophilicity–Hydrophobicity Characteristics of Solid Surfaces and the State of Water near Surfaces of a Various Nature

Values for the surface tension, π, of 85 mJ/m 2 and for the contact angle of wetting by water as its saturated vapour, θ V , of 75° are proposed as criteria for distinguishing between hydrophilic and hydrophobic solid surfaces. It is shown that the water boundary layers at hydrophilic surfaces are more ordered while those at hydrophobic surfaces are less ordered relative to the situation in the bulk water structure. The localised model can be used to describe the state of motion of water molecules at a hydrophilic surface, while the motion of water molecules near a hydrophobic surface conforms to the non-localised model