Manipulating dc currents with bilayer bulk natural materials

The principle of transformation optics has been applied to various wave phenomena (e.g., optics, electromagnetics, acoustics and thermodynamics). Recently, metamaterial devices manipulating dc currents have received increasing attention which usually adopted the analogue of transformation optics using complicated resistor networks to mimic the inhomogeneous and anisotropic conductivities. We propose a distinct and general principle of manipulating dc currents by directly solving electric conduction equations, which only needs to utilize two layers of bulk natural materials. We experimentally demonstrate dc bilayer cloak and fan-shaped concentrator, derived from the generalized account for cloaking sensor. The proposed schemes have been validated as exact devices and this opens a facile way towards complete spatial control of dc currents. The proposed schemes may have vast potentials in various applications not only in dc, but also in other fields of manipulating magnetic field, thermal heat, elastic mechanics, and matter waves

Clinical observation on the treatment of glaucoma with cataract through triple surgery

AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of triple surgery in the treatment of glaucoma with cataract at different stages.<p>METHODS: Totally 31 patients(55 eyes)with glaucoma and cataract were treated with phacoemulsification, lens implantation and trabeculectomy. Preoperation and postoperation of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, filtering bleb and postoperation complications were observed.<p>RESULTS: After 6mo postoperation, the vision was significantly improved. The intraocular pressure was controlled in normal range and filtering bleb was good. There was a little complications after operation.<p>CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification intraocular lens implantation with anti-glaucoma establishes new aqueous humor outflow. It can effectively decrease intraocular pressure, deepen anterior chamber and improve vision, reduce all kinds of complications after simple glaucoma surgery

Cost‐effectiveness analysis of antiviral therapy in patients with advanced hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib

Background and AimAntiviral therapy has been demonstrated to significantly improve the survival in patients with advanced hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the study was to investigate the cost‐effectiveness of antiviral therapy in patients with advanced HBV‐related HCC treated with sorafenib.MethodsTo conduct the analysis, a Markov model comprising three health states (progression‐free survival, progressive disease, and death) was created. The efficacy data were derived from medical records. Cost data were collected based on the Chinese national drug prices. Utility data came from the previously published studies. One‐way sensitivity analyses as well as probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to explore model uncertainties.ResultsIn the base‐case analysis, addition of antiviral therapy to sorafenib generated an effectiveness of 0.68 quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) at a cost of $25 026.04, while sorafenib monotherapy gained an effectiveness of 0.42 QALYs at a cost of$20 249.64. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $18 370.77/QALY for antiviral therapy group versus non‐antiviral therapy group. On the other hand, the ICER between the two groups in patients with high or low HBV‐DNA load, with or without cirrhosis, normal or elevated alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase were$16 613.97/QALY, $19 774.16/QALY,$14 587.66/QALY, $19 873.84/QALY,$17 947.07/QALY, and $18 785.58/QALY, respectively.ConclusionsBased on the cost‐effectiveness threshold ($20 301.00/QALY in China), addition of antiviral therapy to sorafenib is considered to be a cost‐effective option compared with sorafenib monotherapy in patients with advanced HBV‐related HCC in China from the patient’s perspective.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134758/1/jgh13425_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134758/2/jgh13425.pd

Clinical study Carbomer eye gel and rhEGF in treating dry eye after cataract surgery in diabetics

AIM: To investigate the effect of Carbomer eye gel and recombinant human epidermal growth factor(rhEGF)on dry eye after cataract surgery in diabetics.<p>METHODS:A total of 160 patients(160 eyes)with diabetes undergone phacoemulsification with a diagnosis of dry eyes were randomized divided into two groups, treatment group(80 cases, 80 eyes)and control group(80 cases, 80 eyes). In treatment group, the patients were treated by Carbomer eye gel and rhEGF. In control group, the patients were treated by Carbomer eye gel. The subjective dry eye symptoms, tear break-up time(BUT), Schirmer I test(SⅠt)and cornea fluorescein staining(FL)were observed before treatment, 1, 4wk after treatment.<p>RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups before treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05). After treatment at 1, 4wk, the subjective dry eye symptoms and the results of three examination(BUT, SⅠt and FL)in two groups better than those before treatment(<i>P</i><0.01). And there was significant difference between experimental group and control group(<i>P</i><0.05; <i>P</i><0.01), the results of BUT, SIt and FL were improved in treatment group better than that in control group(<i>P</i><0.01). All patients showed good tolerance to Carbomer eye gel and recombinant human epidermal growth factor.<p>CONCLUSION: Carbomer eye gel can relieve the dry eye symptoms of diabetes after phacoemulsification effectively, and it can be more effective to combine Carbomer eye gel with rhEGF at early stage after phacoemulsification

Two Photon Decays of ηc\eta_c from Lattice QCD

We present an exploratory lattice study for the two-photon decay of $\eta_c$ using $N_f=2$ twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations generated by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration. Two different lattice spacings of $a=0.067$fm and $a=0.085$fm are used in the study, both of which are of physical size of 2$fm$. The decay widths are found to be $1.025(5)$KeV for the coarser lattice and $1.062(5)$KeV for the finer lattice respectively where the errors are purely statistical. A naive extrapolation towards the continuum limit yields $\Gamma\simeq 1.122(14)$KeV which is smaller than the previous quenched result and most of the current experimental results. Possible reasons are discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures; matches the published versio

Data Processing Pipeline for Pointing Observations of Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope

We describe the data processing pipeline developed to reduce the pointing observation data of Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope (LUT), which belongs to the Chang'e-3 mission of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program. The pointing observation program of LUT is dedicated to monitor variable objects in a near-ultraviolet (245-345 nm) band. LUT works in lunar daytime for sufficient power supply, so some special data processing strategies have been developed for the pipeline. The procedures of the pipeline include stray light removing, astrometry, flat fielding employing superflat technique, source extraction and cosmic rays rejection, aperture and PSF photometry, aperture correction, and catalogues archiving, etc. It has been intensively tested and works smoothly with observation data. The photometric accuracy is typically ~0.02 mag for LUT 10 mag stars (30 s exposure), with errors come from background noises, residuals of stray light removing, and flat fielding related errors. The accuracy degrades to be ~0.2 mag for stars of 13.5 mag which is the 5{\sigma} detection limit of LUT.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Minor changes and some expounding words added. Version accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science (Ap&SS

2-(Hy­droxy­meth­yl)pyridin-3-ol

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C6H7NO2, the mol­ecules are are linked by inter­molecular O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds; π–π stacking is observed between parallel pyridine rings of adjacent mol­ecules [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.7649 (12) Å]