6,691 research outputs found
Exactly Solvable Lattice Hamiltonians and Gravitational Anomalies
We construct infinitely many new exactly solvable local commuting projector
lattice Hamiltonian models for general bosonic beyond group cohomology
invertible topological phases of order two and four in any spacetime
dimensions, whose boundaries are characterized by gravitational anomalies.
Examples include the beyond group cohomology invertible phase without symmetry
in (4+1)D that has an anomalous boundary topological order with
fermionic particle and fermionic loop excitations that have mutual
statistics. We argue that this construction gives a new non-trivial quantum
cellular automaton (QCA) in (4+1)D of order two. We also present an explicit
construction of gapped symmetric boundary state for the bosonic beyond group
cohomology invertible phase with unitary symmetry in (4+1)D. We
discuss new quantum phase transitions protected by different invertible phases
across the transitions.Comment: 60 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables; v2: typos corrected, references adde
Higher-group symmetry in finite gauge theory and stabilizer codes
A large class of gapped phases of matter can be described by topological
finite group gauge theories. In this paper, we derive the -group global
symmetry and its 't Hooft anomaly for topological finite group gauge theories
in space-time dimensions, including non-Abelian gauge groups and
Dijkgraaf-Witten twists. We focus on the 1-form symmetry generated by
invertible (Abelian) magnetic defects and the higher-form symmetries generated
by invertible topological defects decorated with lower dimensional gauged
symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases. We show that due to a
generalization of the Witten effect and charge-flux attachment, the 1-form
symmetry generated by the magnetic defects mixes with other symmetries into a
higher group. We describe such higher-group symmetry in various lattice model
examples. We discuss several applications, including the classification of
fermionic SPT phases in (3+1)D for general fermionic symmetry groups, where we
also derive a simpler formula for the obstruction
than has appeared in previous work. We also show how the -group symmetry is
related to fault-tolerant non-Pauli logical gates and a refined Clifford
hierarchy in stabilizer codes. We construct new logical gates in stabilizer
codes using the -group symmetry, such as the control-Z gate in (3+1)D
toric code.Comment: 41 pages, 6 figure
Time-Selective RNN for Device-Free Multi-Room Human Presence Detection Using WiFi CSI
Human presence detection is a crucial technology for various applications,
including home automation, security, and healthcare. While camera-based systems
have traditionally been used for this purpose, they raise privacy concerns. To
address this issue, recent research has explored the use of channel state
information (CSI) approaches that can be extracted from commercial WiFi access
points (APs) and provide detailed channel characteristics. In this thesis, we
propose a device-free human presence detection system for multi-room scenarios
using a time-selective conditional dual feature extract recurrent Network
(TCD-FERN). Our system is designed to capture significant time features with
the condition on current human features using a dynamic and static (DaS) data
preprocessing technique to extract moving and spatial features of people and
differentiate between line-of-sight (LoS) path blocking and non-blocking cases.
To mitigate the feature attenuation problem caused by room partitions, we
employ a voting scheme. We conduct evaluation and real-time experiments to
demonstrate that our proposed TCD-FERN system can achieve human presence
detection for multi-room scenarios using fewer commodity WiFi APs
Action Mechanisms of Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang on Cartilage Degradation in a Rabbit Model of Osteoarthritis
Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang (DHJST) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat osteoarthritis. In the present study, the therapeutic effect of DHJST on cartilage degradation in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis was investigated. In the knee joints of rabbits, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was performed to induce experimental osteoarthritis. At the end of the sixth week, 30 rabbits with ACLT were divided into six groups, control group, DHJST group and Osaminethacine (OSA) group, which were followed for another 4 weeks. The other three groups of rabbits with ACLT were untreated with DHJST or OSA, which were sacrificed after 6 weeks, and served as 6-week time point controls. Results indicated that at the end of the sixth week after surgery, there was a significantly histological degeneration in the control group compared with the normal group. In the control group, the mean score for histological degeneration were further increases at 10th week, and there was a significantly lower mean score for histological degeneration in the DHJST group compared with the control group. To research the potential mechanism, the expression level of VEGF and HIF-1α were detected. The expression of VEGF mRNA and HIF-1α mRNA are low in normal group, while the activities increase gradually in the control group. However, compared to that of the same time point model group, activity of VEGF and HIF-1α decreased significantly in DHJST group. In conclusion, DHJST exerts significant therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis rabbits, and mechanisms are associated with inhibition of VEGF and HIF-1α expression
Harnessing dislocation motion using an electric field
Dislocations, line defects in crystalline materials, play an essential role
in the mechanical[1,2], electrical[3], optical[4], thermal[5], and phase
transition[6] properties of these materials. Dislocation motion, an important
mechanism underlying crystal plasticity, is critical for the hardening,
processing, and application of a wide range of structural and functional
materials[1,7,8]. For decades, the movement of dislocations has been widely
observed in crystalline solids under mechanical loading[9-11]. However, the
goal of manipulating dislocation motion via a non-mechanical field alone
remains elusive. Here, we present real-time observations of dislocation motion
controlled solely by an external electric field in single-crystalline zinc
sulfide (ZnS). We find that 30{\deg} partial dislocations can move back and
forth depending on the direction of the electric field, while 90{\deg} partial
dislocations are motionless. We reveal the nonstoichiometric nature of
dislocation cores using atomistic imaging and determine their charge
characteristics by density functional theory calculations. The glide barriers
of charged 30{\deg} partial dislocations, which are lower than those of
90{\deg} partial dislocations, further decrease under an electric field,
explaining the experimental observations. This study provides direct evidence
of dislocation dynamics under a non-mechanical stimulus and opens up the
possibility of modulating dislocation-related properties
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