Anti-charmed pentaquark from B decays

We explore the possibility of observing the anti-charmed pentaquark state from the $\Theta_c \bar{n} \pi^+$ decay of $B$ meson produced at $B$-factory experiments. We first show that the observed branching ratio of the $B^+$ to $\Lambda^-_c p \pi^+$, as well as its open histograms, can be remarkably well explained by assuming that the decay proceeds first through the $\pi^+ \bar{D}^0$ (or $\bar{D}^{*0}$) decay, whose branching ratios are known, and then through the subsequent decay of the virtual $\bar{D}^0$ or $\bar{D}^{*0}$ mesons to $\Lambda_c^- p$, whose strength are calculated using previously fit hadronic parameters. We then note that the $\Theta_c$ can be similarly produced when the virtual $\bar{D}^0$ or $\bar{D}^{*0}$ decay into an anti-nucleon and a $\Theta_c$. Combining the present theoretical estimates for the ratio $g_{D N \Lambda_c} / g_{D N \Theta_c} \sim 13$ and $g_{D^* N \Theta_c} \sim {1/3} g_{D N \Theta_c}$, we find that the anti-charmed pentaquark $\Theta_c$, which was predicted to be bound by several model calculations, can be produced via $B^+ \to \Theta_c \bar{n} \pi^+$, and be observed from the $B$-factory experiments through the weak decay of $\Theta_c \to p K^+ \pi^- \pi^-$.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Revised version to be published in Physical Review Letter

QCD sum rules for rho mesons in vacuum and in-medium, re-examined

An updated investigation of QCD sum rules for the first two moments of rho meson spectral functions, both in vacuum and in-medium, is performed with emphasis on the role of the scale related to spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in QCD. It is demonstrated that these lowest moments of vector current spectral distributions do permit an accurate sum rule analysis with controlled input including QCD condensates of the lowest dimensions, whereas higher moments are subject to uncertainties from higher dimensional condensates. Possible connections with Brown-Rho scaling are discussed. The factorization approximation for four-quark condensates is shown not to be applicable in any of the cases studied.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, the revised version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Effects of pair freeze-out on photon distributions in BBN epoch

We investigate the evolution of non-extensivity in the photon distribution during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) epoch using Tsallis statistics. Assuming a minimal deviation from the Planck distribution, we construct the perturbed Boltzmann equation for photons, including the collision terms for pair creation and annihilation processes. We analyze the possibility that these collisions could cause a slight increase in the number of high-frequency photons within the BBN era, and consequently, the primordial plasma might be temporarily placed in a state of chemical non-equilibrium. We also discuss the restoration of the photon distribution to an equilibrium state as the Universe enters the matter-dominated era. These findings, which suggest possible changes in the photon distribution during the epoch between the BBN and the recombination, offer insights that support the previously proposed ansatz solution to the primordial lithium problem in arXiv:1812.09472.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Effects of electromagnetic fluctuations in plasmas on solar neutrino fluxes

We explore the effects of electromagnetic (EM) fluctuations in plasmas on solar neutrino fluxes exploiting the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We find that the EM spectrum in the solar core is enhanced by the EM fluctuations due to the high density of the Sun, which increases the radiation energy density and pressure. By the EM fluctuations involving the modified radiation formula, the central temperature decreases when the central pressure of the Sun is fixed. With a help of the empirical relation between central temperature and neutrino fluxes deduced from the numerical solar models, we present the change in each of the solar neutrino fluxes by the EM fluctuations. We also discuss the enhanced radiation pressure and energy density by the EM fluctuations for other astronomical objects

Parity of Θ+\Theta^+(1540) from QCD sum rules

The QCD sum rule for the pentaquark $\Theta^+$, first analyzed by Sugiyama, Doi and Oka, is reanalyzed with a phenomenological side that explicitly includes the contribution from the two-particle reducible kaon-nucleon intermediate state. The magnitude for the overlap of the $\Theta^+$ interpolating current with the kaon-nucleon state is obtained by using soft-kaon theorem and a separate sum rule for the ground state nucleon with the pentaquark nucleon interpolating current. It is found that the K-N intermediate state constitutes only 10% of the sum rule so that the original claim that the parity of $\Theta^+$ is negative remains valid.Comment: slightly revised, version to appear in PL

Do Adults Who Practice Aerobic Physical Activities Have Different Influencing Factors for Depression: A Secondary Data Analysis

Practice in aerobic activities can positively impact depression. This study aimed to identify differences between adults who do and do not practice aerobic activities in terms of general, physical, and psychological factors that influence depression. This study comprised a secondary analysis of data from the 6th (year 2) and 7th (years 1, 3) editions of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data from 12,891 adults were analyzed, of whom 7148 reported no practice in aerobic physical activities and 5743 reported practicing such activities. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25. Among those who did not perform aerobic activities, gender, family income, marital status, obesity, frequency of drinking, subjective health, subjective body weight, and stress were found to influence the level of depression. For those who practiced aerobic activities, gender, age, family income, education level, marital status, blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia status, frequency of drinking, subjective health, subjective body weight, and stress influenced the level of depression. This study found that the factors affecting depressive symptoms differ depending on whether individuals practice aerobic activities. Thus, to reduce depressive symptoms among adults, it is necessary to consider their level of physical activity and target the influencing factors associated with this level