Arbitrary-Scale Downscaling of Tidal Current Data Using Implicit Continuous Representation

Numerical models have long been used to understand geoscientific phenomena, including tidal currents, crucial for renewable energy production and coastal engineering. However, their computational cost hinders generating data of varying resolutions. As an alternative, deep learning-based downscaling methods have gained traction due to their faster inference speeds. But most of them are limited to only inference fixed scale and overlook important characteristics of target geoscientific data. In this paper, we propose a novel downscaling framework for tidal current data, addressing its unique characteristics, which are dissimilar to images: heterogeneity and local dependency. Moreover, our framework can generate any arbitrary-scale output utilizing a continuous representation model. Our proposed framework demonstrates significantly improved flow velocity predictions by 93.21% (MSE) and 63.85% (MAE) compared to the Baseline model while achieving a remarkable 33.2% reduction in FLOPs

Optimal Schedules in Multitask Motor Learning

Although scheduling multiple tasks in motor learning to maximize long-term retention of performance is of great practical importance in sports training and motor rehabilitation after brain injury, it is unclear how to do so. We propose here a novel theoretical approach that uses optimal control theory and computational models of motor adaptation to determine schedules that maximize long-term retention predictively. Using Pontryagin’s maximum principle, we derived a control law that determines the trial-by-trial task choice that maximizes overall delayed retention for all tasks, as predicted by the state-space model. Simulations of a single session of adaptation with two tasks show that when task interference is high, there exists a threshold in relative task difficulty below which the alternating schedule is optimal. Only for large differences in task difficulties do optimal schedules assign more trials to the harder task. However, over the parameter range tested, alternating schedules yield long-term retention performance that is only slightly inferior to performance given by the true optimal schedules. Our results thus predict that in a large number of learning situations wherein tasks interfere, intermixing tasks with an equal number of trials is an effective strategy in enhancing long-term retention

Aortic Dissection and Rupture in a Child

After developing sudden severe chest pain, an 11-year-old boy presented to the emergency room with chest pain and palpitations and was unable to stand up. The sudden onset of chest pain was first reported while swimming at school about 30 minutes prior to presentation. Arterial blood pressure (BP) was 150/90 mmHg, heart rate was 120/minute, and the chest pain was combined with shortness of breath and diaphoresis. During the evaluation in the emergency room, the chest pain worsened and abdominal pain developed. An aortic dissection was suspected and a chest and abdomen CT was obtained. The diagnosis of aortic dissection type B was established by CT imaging. The patient went to surgery immediately with BP control. He died prior to surgery due to aortic rupture. Here we present this rare case of aortic dissection type B with rupture, reported in an 11-year-old Korean child

A highly efficient wide-band-gap host material for blue electrophosphorescent light-emitting devices

We report on an efficient wide-band-gap host material for blue electrophosphorescence devices, namely, 1,2-trans-di-9-carbazolylcyclobutane (DCz). Photophysical studies show that lower-energy excimer formation between the carbazole units can be efficiently suppressed in a DCz film, thus maintaining its high triplet-state energy and inducing an exothermic energy transfer from DCz to iridium(III)bis[(4,6-difluorophenyl)-pyridinato-N,C2]picolinate (FIrpic). Electrophosphorescent devices comprising a FIrpic:DCz emitting layer exhibit a superior performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.8%, a maximum luminance efficiency of 21.5 cd/A, and a maximum power efficiency of 15.0 lm/W at 0.01 mA/cm2.This work was partly supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) through the National Research Laboratory Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology (No. 2006-03246), and by Dongwoo FineChem Co

Unconventional assemblies of bisacylhydrazones: The role of water for circularly polarized luminescence

Understanding the precise molecular arrangement of chiral supramolecular polymers is essential not only to comprehend complex superstructures like proteins and DNA but also for the development of next-generation optoelectronic materials, including materials displaying high-performance circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Herein, we report the first chiral supramolecular polymer systems based on hydrazone???pyridinium conjugates comprising alkyl chains of different lengths, which afforded control of the apparent supramolecular chirality. Although supramolecular chirality is governed basically by the remote chiral centers of alkyl chains, helicity inversion was achieved by controlling the conditions under which the hydrazone building blocks underwent aggregation (i.e., solvent compositions or temperature). More importantly, the addition of water to the system led to aggregation-induced hydrazone deprotonation, which resulted in a completely different self-assembly behavior. Structural water molecules played an essential role, forming the assembly's channel-like backbone, around which hydrazone molecules gathered as a result of hydrogen bonding interactions. Further co-assembly of an achiral hydrazone luminophore with the given supramolecular polymer system allowed the fabrication of a novel CPL-active hydrazone-based material exhibiting a high maximum value for the photoluminescence dissymmetry factor of ???2.6 ?? 10???2