The Attitude and Activities of Artists towards Community Vitalization

This paper aims to investigate changes of attitude of local artists and their activities concerning community vitalization; based on the fact that other local residents change their attitude and activities through communication with neighboring artists. A nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted of artists listed in two published directories. The questionnaire sought answers related to 1) personal attributes, 2) places and opportunities for communicating with other local residents, and 3) community attachment and degree of self-disclosure to neighboring residents. The major findings were: 1) That quite a few artists change their attitude and activities regarding community vitalization. 2) Artists\u27 attitudes and activities are significantly connected with their birthplaces, circumstance of residence, and the places and opportunities for communication with other local residents. Further, they decide their residential places in connection with their artistic field. 3) Respondent category classification, based on Hayashi\u27s Type III Quantification Method and Cluster analysis, clarified that the artists who positively change their attitude and activities tend to practice self-disclosure. Thus, it was also clarified that the artists, a) who were born in the same municipalities as they now reside and b) reside in a conventional urban areas and c) communicate with other local residents at events held by artists/artists associations or school activities, have positive changes of attitude and activities. The results of this paper revealed the availability of profound community vitalization from focusing on communication between local artists and other local residents. The findings are also useful for vitalization management in connection with art/artists, which has been tried in many municipalities.International Symposium on City Planning 2003, 2003-08-26, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japa

Social Capital Development in a Rural Community based on Exchange Management with Outsiders: the Case of Akimoto, a Small Mountainous Settlement in Japan

This article investigates the potential of exchange management toward social capital development in a rural Japanese community. In Japan, many rural communities are suffering from depopulation. To revitalise such communities, the alternative concept of social capital has recently gained traction alongside conventional infrastructure-oriented development. This article analyses the process and results of social capital development through a case study of the small settlement of Akimoto in Takachiho Town. The residents have been seeking revitalisation through exchange with outsiders. The major results are: (1) exchange strengthened the residents\u27 community attachment; (2) the main features of social capital, i.e. norms, trust, and networks, were strengthened; (3) exchange management functioned well in terms of human encounters, mutual understanding, and maintaining exchange; and (4) discreet leadership, and the existence of professionals and specialists, were found to contribute to social capital building. Finally, this article discusses the applicability of this approach to other communities

A Study on the Role of Communication between Residents and Local Artists in Rural Community Development

The purpose of this paper is to the analyze communication between local artists who migrated to a local community and conventional residents, considering that communication has the important role of enhancing rural community development. Questionnaire surveys for the residents were conducted, which ask questions on several aspects related to the community vitalization, i.e. their place and opportunity of the communication, the changes of their sense of value, their interest and involvement in community activities and the openness of their personality. Aya-Town and Shima-Town, in Japan, were chosen as study areas. Major conclusions are as follows: 1) The communication between local artists and the conventional residents enhances community development. 2) The places and opportunities that require positive involvement have certain relations to the community development. 3) The differences in community development between the two towns could suggest the necessities of the administrative actions.Sustainable Urban Development Towards the 21st Century, 24,October, 1998, Kangnung, Kore

The Development Trend and the Land-Use Management in a Local Suburban Area - Based on an Analysis of Kiyotake-Town, JAPAN-

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies (EASTS '03), October 29-November 1, 2003, Fukuoka International Congress Center, JapanThis paper aims to propose ideas to improve the land-use and management of Japanese suburban areas based on an investigation of development trends in Kiyotake town, a local town in the suburban area of a prefectural capital. Building permits during 1995 –1999 were analyzed by use of a geographic information system (GIS). The major results were as follows: 1) There were numerous undesirable developments in the urbanization control area and outside of the city planning area. 2) This was because of loose land-use management by the town authority, and loopholes in the conventional City Planning Law. 3) The City Planning Law 2000 has several features such as deregulation, decentralization and public involvement. However, the features have potentially deleterious effects. To achieve desirable land-use, stricter management should be adopted based on the strict stipulations and regulations of the Law. This management requires deliberate public involvement that attaches importance to the public interest

Analysis of residential choice behavior at community scale

The complex problems shared by many cities throughout Japan are evidence of the impacts of land use plans that have been poorly designed and managed. Most of the existing plans in Japan have focused on the metropolitan areas but nowadays the physical layout or land use of communities is fundamental to sustainability. Community sustainability requires a transition from poorly-managed large-scale plans to land use planning practices at the community scale that maintain efficient infrastructures, and ensure close-knit neighborhoods and a sense of community. This paper provides a scheme for discussing the residential choice of people at the community scale in a local city in Japan in order to help local communities or local authorities concerned with suitable land use planning. First, this paper gives the key principles of residential choice behavior through the statistical analysis of the revealed preference of people who actually made the decision to choose the location of their new residence. Some interesting results are a bigger correlation than expected between the location of residence and the place of work, and a strong attachment of movers to their old communities. The latter half of this paper describes a modeling process for specifying the residential choice at the community scale. The discrete choice model adopted in the present study is a conventional disaggregate logit model that is capable of representing complicated individual choice behavior while they are changing their place of residence.

Characteristics and performance of Angkotan Kota (Angkot) in Banyuwangi City Indonesia

Angkot, the acronym of Angkutan Kota, is the main mode of urban public transport in Banyuwangi, as well as other local cities of Indonesia. However, Angkot is failing to provide the necessary service and is actually in decline in Banyuwangi. This paper intends to explore the characteristics of Angkot and analyze their performance in Banyuwangi. Analysis based on questionnaires and literature shows that 1. main users are relative poor people and students, 2. Angkot fleets are old, 3. service level becomes lower, and 4. a driver\u27s gross income per day is in the range of Rp. 65,000 to Rp.187,000. These results suggest that financial support is needed to renew Angkot vehicles and governments should formulate proper policies and carry them out in order to improve the Angkot transport system in Banyuwangi City.The 8th International Conference of Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2009(EASTS), November 16-19, 2009, Surabaya, Indonesi

Evaluation of City Planning Road Development Measures by Microscopic Traffic Simulation

This study was made on the development plan of Kawahara Avenue, a road project authorized in city planning of Miyazaki City in Japan. The Kawahara Avenue development is planned along the Oyodo River. The land use of the area along the route comprises the tourist hotel zone, residential zone, and industrial zone. The Kawahara Avenue planning, unlike most other road development plans in Japan, requires much more than simply providing for the smooth flow of traffic. In the tourist hotel zone where the leading Miyazaki City hotels are located, the image and impression the tourists may have about the city is an important consideration. Therefore, the city government intends that this section of the road should not have excessive traffic. In the residential zone, the existing road network consists of narrow streets with no sidewalks. In addition to the sidewalks to be built, Kawahara Avenue is expected to handle a great deal of the traffic passing the residential district. This should help meet the goal in providing a safe environment for the pedestrians in other narrow streets without sidewalks. Under the circumstances as stated above, the planning has faced significant constraints in land purchasing involving forced move-out in the result of financial problems and coordination of the views between the city administration and the residents in the vicinity. The purpose of this research is to study under the given constraints what would be the most appropriate plan for the development of Kawahara Avenue. First, a traffic monitoring survey was conducted in the subject districts to compile Origin-Destination (OD) data of traffic flow in the districts. Then, the road network of the subject districts and traffic signal phase data were digitized to carry out microscopic traffic simulation and checked for reproduction accuracy of the current situation. The results confirmed that simulation reproduces the traffic conditions of the districts with sufficient precision. Furthermore, we prepared several hypothetical proposals for the road development and evaluated with the same simulation system as to how the traffic situations would be had those proposals been implemented. As a result it was demonstrated that the original goals can be achieved by developing the road within the given constraints.

Spatial structure and prediction of Land use change considering development projects in urban promotion districts

n this paper, the actual conditions and the change structure of land use by using mesh data are studied in urban promotion area in a local hub city of Fukuoka, Japan. Firstly, all meshes are classified into 15 patterns based on distribution of land use. Then, transition probability models are made out based on the change of these 15 patterns. The Change structure of land use in an area depends on whether development projects are carried out or not. Therefore, all of the meshes are divided into two groups, and different transition probability models are proposed. Finally, a prediction method of land use is proposed under the consideration of the changing structure of meshes. Though our proposed approach is a macroscopic forecasting method of land use, it is useful to evaluate the effects of urban policies for development projects.

Characteristics and performance of Angkotan Kota (Angkot) in Banyuwangi City Indonesia

The 8th International Conference of Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2009(EASTS), November 16-19, 2009, Surabaya, IndonesiaAngkot, the acronym of Angkutan Kota, is the main mode of urban public transport in Banyuwangi, as well as other local cities of Indonesia. However, Angkot is failing to provide the necessary service and is actually in decline in Banyuwangi. This paper intends to explore the characteristics of Angkot and analyze their performance in Banyuwangi. Analysis based on questionnaires and literature shows that 1. main users are relative poor people and students, 2. Angkot fleets are old, 3. service level becomes lower, and 4. a driver's gross income per day is in the range of Rp. 65,000 to Rp.187,000. These results suggest that financial support is needed to renew Angkot vehicles and governments should formulate proper policies and carry them out in order to improve the Angkot transport system in Banyuwangi City