Experimental investigation of a 16-dimensional modulation format for long-haul multi-core fiber transmission

We experimentally investigate a 16-dimensional modulation format applicable to multi-core fiber transmission, and demonstrate over 14,000 km transmission for a BER of 1E-3, a 55 % improvement in reach compared to DP-BPSK for the same spectral efficiency

Survivable virtual network mapping with content connectivity against multiple link failures in optical metro networks

Network connectivity, i.e., the reachability of any network node from all other nodes, is often considered as the default network survivability metric against failures. However, in the case of a large-scale disaster disconnecting multiple network components, network connectivity may not be achievable. On the other hand, with the shifting service paradigm towards the cloud in today's networks, most services can still be provided as long as at least a content replica is available in all disconnected network partitions. As a result, the concept of content connectivity has been introduced as a new network survivability metric under a large-scale disaster. Content connectivity is defined as the reachability of content from every node in a network under a specific failure scenario. In this work, we investigate how to ensure content connectivity in optical metro networks. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions and develop what we believe to be a novel mathematical formulation to map a virtual network over a physical network such that content connectivity for the virtual network is ensured against multiple link failures in the physical network. In our numerical results, obtained under various network settings, we compare the performance of mapping with content connectivity and network connectivity and show that mapping with content connectivity can guarantee higher survivability, lower network bandwidth utilization, and significant improvement of service availability

Analysis of Few-Mode Multi-Core Fiber Splice Behavior Using an Optical Vector Network Analyzer

The behavior of splices in a 3-mode 36-core fiber is analyzed using optical vector network analysis. Time-domain response analysis confirms splices may cause significant mode-mixing, while frequency-domain analysis shows splices may affect system level mode-dependent loss both positively and negatively

Measurement of modal dispersion and group delay in a large core count few-mode multi-core fiber

\u3cp\u3eIn this work, the impulse response of a 39-core 3-mode fiber is measured and analyzed, finding durations of 0.6 ns-3.0 ns, with total group delay varying by 17 ns between cores and observing largely different modal dispersion and wavelength dependence of propagation delay.\u3c/p\u3

Characterization of a Fiber-Coupled 36-Core 3-Mode Photonic Lantern Spatial Multiplexer

A fiber-coupled 108-port photonic lantern spatial-MUX is characterized with a spatially-diverse optical vector network analyzer. Insertion loss, mode-dependent losses, and time response are measured, showing significant mode mixing at a fiber splice