High-throughput analysis of anthocyanins in horticultural crops using probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (PESI/MS/MS)

農作物に含まれる成分を簡便・迅速に分析する技術を確立 --煩雑な抽出や分離操作が不要、わずか3分間で81種類のアントシアニンを分析可能--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-03-30.Plant secondary metabolites exhibit various horticultural traits. Simple and rapid analysis methods for evaluating these metabolites are in demand in breeding and consumer markets dealing with horticultural crops. We applied probe electrospray ionization (PESI) to evaluate secondary metabolite levels in horticultural crops. PESI does not require pre-treatment and separation of samples, which makes it suitable for high-throughput analysis. In this study, we targeted anthocyanins, one of the primary pigments in horticultural crops. Eighty-one anthocyanins were detected in approximately 3 minutes in the selected reaction-monitoring mode. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) could adequately distinguish between the fragments of anthocyanins and flavonols. Probe sampling, an intuitive method of sticking a probe directly to the sample, could detect anthocyanins qualitatively on a micro-area scale, such as achenes and receptacles in strawberry fruit. Our results suggest that PESI/MS/MS can be a powerful tool to characterize the profile of anthocyanins and compare their content among cultivars

Elastic fiber assembly is disrupted by excessive accumulation of chondroitin sulfate in the human dermal fibrotic disease, keloid

Keloid is a fibrotic disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix in the dermis. The keloid matrix contains excess collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), but lacks elastic fiber. However, the roles of these matrix components in the pathogenesis of keloid are largely unknown. Here, we show that elastin and DANCE (also known as fibulin-5), a protein required for elastic fiber formation, are not deposited in the extracellular matrix of keloids, due to excess accumulation of chondoitin sulfate (CS), although the expression of elastin and DANCE is not affected. Amount of CS accumulated in the keloid legion was 6.9-fold higher than in normal skin. Fibrillin-1, a scaffold protein for elastic fiber assembly, was abnormally distributed in the keloid matrix. Addition of purified CS to keloid fibroblast culture resulted in abnormal deposition of fibrillin-1, concomitant with significantly decreased accumulation of elastin and DANCE in the extracellular matrix. We propose that CS plays a crucial role in the development of keloid lesions through inhibition of elastic fiber assembly

ヒト高齢者でも顔面皮膚から多能性幹細胞を効率的に採取できる

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第17456号医博第3799号新制||医||998(附属図書館)30222京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻(主査)教授 宮地 良樹, 教授 斎藤 通紀, 教授 山下 潤学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

Immunohistochemical analysis of CD155 expression in triple-negative breast cancer patients.

IntroductionCD155 is an immune checkpoint protein. Its overexpression is an indicator of poor prognosis in some types of cancer. However, the significance of CD155 expression in patients with triple-negative breast cancer, and the relationship between CD155 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, have not yet been analyzed in detail.MethodsUsing immunohistochemical staining and tissue microarrays, we analyzed the expression profiles of CD155 and PD-L1 in 61 patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Relapse-free survival and overall survival rates were compared according to CD155 expression. The correlation between CD155 expression and clinicopathological factors, including PD-L1 expression (using SP142 and 73-10 assays), was also examined.ResultsCD155 expression was noted in 25 patients (41.0%) in this cohort. CD155 expression did not correlate with pathological stage, histological grade, Ki-67 labeling index, or stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Only PD-L1 expression in tumor cells by SP142 assay significantly correlated with CD155 expression (p = 0.035); however, PD-L1 expression in tumor cells by 73-10 assay did not show a correlation (p = 0.115). Using the 73-10 assay, 59% of patients showed CD155 and/or PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Moreover, using the SP142 assay, 63.3% of patients showed CD155 and/or PD-L1 expression in immune cells. CD155 expression did not correlate with either relapse-free survival or overall survival (p = 0.485 and 0.843, respectively).ConclusionsCD155 may be a novel target for antitumor immunotherapy. The results of this study indicate that CD155 may expand the pool of candidates with triple-negative breast cancer who could benefit from antitumor immunotherapy

Presence of myxoid stromal change and fibrotic focus in pathological examination are prognostic factors of triple-negative breast cancer: Results from a retrospective single-center study.

BackgroundStromal reaction is an important prognostic factor in several cancers, and the presence of myxoid change was assessed as a poor prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. However, the prognostic significance of myxoid change in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of myxoid change and fibrotic focus (FF), which is a fibrotic area within the tumor and considered a poor prognostic indicator in patients with TNBC.MethodsWe enrolled 62 patients with TNBC and reviewed the surgically resected specimens to evaluate myxoid change and FF in the tumor using previously outlined criteria. We evaluated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) using hematoxylin and eosin slides. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were compared based on the presence of myxoid change and/or FF, and the risk factors for RFS were analyzed.ResultsMyxoid change and FF were observed in 25.8% and 33.9% of specimens, respectively. Based on stromal lymphocyte infiltration, 19 patients (30.6%) had high TILs, while the remaining 43 patients (69.4%) had low/intermediate TILs. Presence of myxoid change was significantly correlated with poor OS and RFS (p = 0.040 and 0.031, respectively). FF was also significantly correlated with poor OS and RFS (p = 0.012 and 0.028, respectively). The combination of myxoid change and FF was an independent and poor prognostic factor according to the multivariate analysis (HR 11.61; 95% CI 1.027-131.2; p = 0.048). Presence of myxoid change and FF were significantly associated with low/intermediate TILs in the stroma (p = 0.013).ConclusionsHistopathological assessment of myxoid change and FF in TNBC may be a useful, practical, and easily assessable method for predicting prognosis in patients with TNBC, which should be confirmed in larger prospective studies. Diagnostic criteria for the establishment of myxoid change and FF in TNBC must be established, and their underlying molecular events must be clarified

Application of Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks with Redox‐Active Imide Units as Cathode‐Active Materials in Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract Hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have been widely researched and used in industrial fields owing to their relatively low weight and high pore volume. Furthermore, HOFs with redox‐active units have recently gained attention as electrode‐active materials for energy storage devices as well as other porous organic polymers. This study focuses on N,N‐bis(2‐isophthalicacid)naphthalenediimide (ECUT‐HOF‐30), which exhibits good redox and mechanical properties owing to the redox‐active imide units in heterocyclic compounds, and 1,3,6,8‐tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)pyrene (PFC‐1) and 3,3’,5,5’‐tetrakis‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐1,1’‐biphenyl (TCBP) without imide units as relatively lightweight HOFs. We evaluated the battery performance using three HOFs with and without redox‐active imide units as cathode active materials for rechargeable lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries (LIBs and SIBs). The HOFs maintained their cycle stability and battery capacities even by HOF formation and ECUT‐HOF‐30 with redox‐active imide units particularly exhibited good battery performance. These results imply the potential of rigid HOFs with redox‐active imide units for realizing high‐performance energy storage devices