Bariatric Surgery on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Japan

Article信州医学雑誌 59(4): 273-279(2011)departmental bulletin pape

Fabrication of submicron La2−x_{2-x}Srx_{x}CuO4_{4} intrinsic Josephson junction stacks

Intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ) stacks of cuprate superconductors have potential to be implemented as intrinsic phase qubits working at relatively high temperatures. We report success in fabricating submicron La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ (LSCO) IJJ stacks carved out of single crystals. We also show a new fabrication method in which argon ion etching is performed after focused ion beam etching. As a result, we obtained an LSCO IJJ stack in which resistive multi-branches appeared. It may be possible to control the number of stacked IJJs with an accuracy of a single IJJ by developing this method.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Generation of wavelength-tunable few-cycle pulses in the mid-infrared at repetition rates up to 10 kHz

We demonstrate a compact and tunable mid-infrared light source that provides carrier-envelope-phase (CEP)-locked pulses at repetition rates from 500 Hz to 10 kHz. The seed pulses were generated by intra-pulse difference frequency mixing of the output of an Yb:KGW regenerative amplifier that had been spectrally broadened by continuum generation using multiple plates. Then, a two-stage optical parametric amplifier was used to obtain output energies of about 100 µJ/pulse for center wavelengths between 2.8 and 3.5 µm. Owing to the intense pulse energies, it was possible to compress the multi-cycle pulses down to two-cycle pulses using YAG and Si plates

Alternation of conducting zone from propagation-control to diffusion-control at polythiophene films by solvent substitution

Abstract The conducting zone of polythiophene ®lms grew under the propagation-control in acetonitrile solution at application of the positive potential to the reduced ®lm whereas it grew under the diusion-control when it was transferred into the propylene carbonate solution. The electrochemically polymerized ®lm was peeled o from the electrode, and a current feeder was connected to an end of the ®lm. The distribution of the conducting species was detected with a diode array detector through the 850 nm beam irradiated to the ®lm. When the fully reduced ®lm was oxidized potentiostatically in the 0.1 M LiClO 4 + acetonitrile solution, the conducting zone developed linearly with the electrolysis time at almost a constant speed. This is in accord with the theory of the propagation of the conducting zone. When the reduced ®lm was transferred into the 0.1 M LiClO 4 + propylene carbonate solution, the conducting zone grew exhibiting a vague boundary. Quantitative analysis said that the growth obeyed at ®rst the propagation theory and then obeyed the square root of the time, represented by diusion of dopant ions. The diusion coecient was 3Â10 À 10 cm 2 s À 1 . A new growth model was proposed, in which the ®lmvsolution interface was oxidized at ®rst by the propagation mechanism and then the conducting zone was dispersed into the ®lm center by diusion.

Fabrication of Bi2212 Cross Whiskers Junction

An intrinsic Josephson junction has been successfully fabricated without any micro-fabrication technique. Two Bi2212 whiskers were crossed with one another and joined by post-annealing. The inter-whisker electrical transport properties were measured by the four-probe method. The temperature dependence of resistance exhibited metallic behavior above TC. The resistance decreased to zero around 80K, corresponding to the superconducting transition. The current-voltage characteristics at 5K exhibited a small hysteresis and voltage jump, which can be explained by the intrinsic Josephson effect.Comment: 3 page PDF fil

A Cross-Whiskers Junction as a Novel Fabrication Process for Intrinsic Josephson Junction

A Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d cross-whiskers junction has been successfully discovered as a novel intrinsic Josephson junction without using any technique for micro-fabrication. Two Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d whisker crystals were placed crosswise on a MgO substrate and heated at 850C for 30 min. They were electrically connected at their c-planes. The measurement terminals were made at the four ends of the whiskers. The I-V characteristics of the cross-whiskers junction at 5K were found to show a clear multiple-branch structure with a spacing of approximately 15 mV that is a feature of the intrinsic Josephson junction. The critical current density Jc was estimated to be 1170 A/cm2. The branch-structure was strongly suppressed by the magnetic field above 1kOe.Comment: 4 pages, PDF fil

737–1 Heart Fatty Acid-binding Protein and Myoglobin can Accurately Detect Successful Reperfusion as Early as 15 Minutes After Reperfuslon

Human heart fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) is an abundant low molecular weight protein in cytoplasm of myocardial cell similar to myoglobin (Mb). To evaluate whether FABP can also detect successful reperfusion very early like Mb, we examined serum FABP and Mb levels in 45 patients (pts) undergoing PTCR or PTCA within 6 hours after the onset of acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography was performed every 5minutes (min) during reperfusion therapy to determine the exact time of reperfusion. In 30 pts with reperfusion (reperfused group: TIMI grade 3 [23 pts] and grade 2 [7 pts]), serum samples were taken just before and at 15, 30 and 60min after initial angiographic confirmation of reperfusion. In 15 pts without reperfusion (nonreperfused group), serum samples were taken just before and at 15, 30 and 60min after the initiation of therapy. FABP was measured by competitive enzyme immunoassay and Mb by latex agglutination turbidimetry. The FABP ratio (FABP after/FABP before) and Mb ratio (Mb after/Mb before) were calculated. FABP and Mb levels increased rapidly, peaked within 60min after reperfusion. The FABP and Mb ratios in the reperfused group significantly (p<0.01) exceeded those in the nonreperfused group at 15, 30 and 60 min. The sensitivity (Sen) and specificity (Spe) of these markers for reperfusion were as follows:Criteria15 min30 min60 minSenSpeSenSpeSenSpeFABP ratio>1.6*93%100%97%100%100%100%Mb ratio>2.4**90%100%93%100%100%100%*mean +2SD at 60 min in the nonreperfused group**published criteriaConclusionFABP, like Mb could accurately detect successful reperfusion as early as 15min after reperfusion and could provide a high level of accuracy within 60min after reperfusion