On the H\alpha\ faintness of the North Polar Spur

The ratio of H$\alpha$ intensity to 1.4 GHz radio continuum intensity in the North Polar Spur (NPS) is measured to be $\lesssim 50$, two orders of magnitude smaller than the values of $\sim 10^4$ observed in the typical shell-type old supernova remnants, Cygnus Loop and S147. The extremely low H$\alpha$-to-radio intensity ratio favours the Galactic-Centre explosion model for NPS, which postulates a giant shock wave at a distance of several kilo parsecs in the hot and low-density Galactic halo with low hydrogen recombination rate, over the local supernova(e) remnant model.Comment: Accepted for MNRAS, 8 pages, 8 figure

ブロックチェーンを用いたセキュアな分散コンピューティング

学位の種別: 修士University of Tokyo(東京大学

Comparison between regional lung CT values and lung densities estimated using EIT

In this paper we report the results of our study in which we compared lung density values obtained from EIT and CT values (HU) within a region of interest. The purpose was to verify clinical use of lung density estimation using EIT data. Image resolution of CT images, which was originally 512*512 pixels, was changed to 16*16 pixels, to match that of the EIT images. The CT and EIT images were recorded from eight patients in an intensive care unit and the results showed a correlation coefficient of 0.66 (p<0.05) between the CT values (HU) and the lung density values (kg/m3) obtained from EIT

Japanese cross-cultural validation study of the Pain Stage of Change Questionnaire.

Introduction:Although evidence supports efficacy of treatments that enhance self-management of chronic pain, the efficacy of these treatments has been hypothesized to be influenced by patient readiness for self-management. The Pain Stage of Change Questionnaire (PSOCQ) is a reliable and valid measure of patient readiness to self-manage pain. However, there is not yet a Japanese version of the PSOCQ (PSOCQ-J), which limits our ability to evaluate the role of readiness for pain self-management in function and treatment response in Japanese patients with chronic pain.Objective:Here, we sought to develop the PSOCQ-J and evaluate its psychometric properties.Methods:We recruited 201 patients with chronic pain. The study participants were asked to complete the PSOCQ-J and other measures assessing pain severity, pain interference, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and pain coping strategies.Results:The results supported a 4-factor structure of the PSOCQ-J. We also found good to excellent internal consistencies and good test-retest reliabilities for the 4 scales. The Precontemplation scale had weak to moderate positive correlations with measures of pain-related dysfunction and maladaptive coping. The Action and Maintenance scales had weak to moderate positive correlations with measures of self-efficacy and adaptive coping. The Contemplation scale had weak positive correlations with measures of pain interference and both adaptive and maladaptive coping.Conclusions:The PSOCQ-J demonstrated adequate psychometric properties in a sample of Japanese patients with chronic pain. This measure can be used to evaluate the role that readiness to self-manage pain may play in adjustment to chronic pain in Japanese pain populations

Schwann-Spheres Derived from Injured Peripheral Nerves in Adult Mice - Their In Vitro Characterization and Therapeutic Potential

Multipotent somatic stem cells have been identified in various adult tissues. However, the stem/progenitor cells of the peripheral nerves have been isolated only from fetal tissues. Here, we isolated Schwann-cell precursors/immature Schwann cells from the injured peripheral nerves of adult mice using a floating culture technique that we call “Schwann-spheres." The Schwann-spheres were derived from de-differentiated mature Schwann cells harvested 24 hours to 6 weeks after peripheral nerve injury. They had extensive self-renewal and differentiation capabilities. They strongly expressed the immature-Schwann-cell marker p75, and differentiated only into the Schwann-cell lineage. The spheres showed enhanced myelin formation and neurite growth compared to mature Schwann cells in vitro. Mature Schwann cells have been considered a promising candidate for cell-transplantation therapies to repair the damaged nervous system, whereas these “Schwann-spheres" would provide a more potential autologous cell source for such transplantation

敗血症における人工呼吸関連肺損傷に対するトロンボモジュリンの抑制効果

application/pdf高一回換気量換気による人工呼吸は肺障害をきたす。ラットの敗血症に高一回換気量換気を行うことで生じる肺障害をrTMが抑制するか確認した。ラットを全身麻酔下に、Cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)による敗血症のモデルを作成し、Low tidal volume(6ml/Kg)とhigh tidal volume(35ml/Kg)の1回換気量で人工呼吸管理を2時間行い肺障害を来たし、rTMを投与し、その効果を確認した。高一回換気量換気によりPa02低下とBALF中のタンパク質の上昇を認めたが、rTM投与を行っても、Pa02、BALF中のタンパク量に変化を認めなかった。High tidal ventilation with inflammation causes ventilator-induced lung injury(VILI). This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of rTM on VILI in sepsis caused by HV ventilation. A total of 46 adult male rats were subcutaneously administered either 3mg/Kg of rTM or saline. Twelve hours later, the rats were underwent cecal ligation and puncture(CLP). At 2h after this procedure, tha rats were placed on a ventilator set at either low tidal volume [(LV)6ml/Kg] or high tidal volume (HV 35ml/kg) ventilation for another 2h. After 2h of mechanical ventilation, the Pa02 was significantly lower and BALF protein was significantly higher in HV rats than in LV rats. The rTM did not improve oxygenation or BALF protein levels. Also in HV rats, lung tissue IL6 and MCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in the rTM-treated rats. rTM does not improve oxygenation in a non-DIC, CLP-pretreated, high-tidal-ventilation rat model.2016年度～2018年度科学研究費補助金(若手研究(B))研究成果報告書16K2038

Thrombomodulin protects against lung damage created by high level of oxygen with large tidal volume mechanical ventilation in rats

application/pdf内容の要旨・審査結果の要旨 / 三重大学大学院医学系研究科 生命医科学専攻 臨床医学系講座 麻酔集中治療学分