Realization of multiple topological states and topological phase transitions in (4,0) carbon nanotube derivatives

Exploring various topological states (TS) and topological phase transitions (TPT) has attracted great attention in condensed matter physics. However, so far, there is rarely a typical material system that can be used as a platform to study the TS and TPT as the system transforms from one-dimensional (1D) nanoribbons to two-dimensional (2D) sheet then to three-dimensional (3D) bulk. Here, we first propose that some typical TS in 1D, 2D, and 3D systems can be realized in a tight-binding (TB) model. Following the TB model and further based on first-principles electronic structure calculations, we demonstrate that the structurally stable (4,0) carbon nanotube derivatives are an ideal platform to explore the semiconductor/nodal-point semimetal states in 1D nanoribbons [1D-(4,0)-C16H4 and 1D-(4,0)-C32H4], nodal-ring semimetal state in 2D sheet [2D-(4,0)-C16], and nodal-cage semimetal state in 3D bulk [3D-(4,0)-C16]. Furthermore, we calculate the characteristic band structures and the edge/surface states of 2D-(4,0)-C16 and 3D-(4,0)-C16 to confirm their nontrivial topological properties. Our work not only provides new excellent 2D and 3D members for the topological carbon material family, but also serves as an ideal template for the study of TS and TPT with the change of system dimension.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Production and Marketing of Spring Greenwrap Tomatoes in the Lower Rio Grande Valley.

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Plasmoid ejection and secondary current sheet generation from magnetic reconnection in laser-plasma interaction

Reconnection of the self-generated magnetic fields in laser-plasma interaction was first investigated experimentally by Nilson {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 255001 (2006)] by shining two laser pulses a distance apart on a solid target layer. An elongated current sheet (CS) was observed in the plasma between the two laser spots. In order to more closely model magnetotail reconnection, here two side-by-side thin target layers, instead of a single one, are used. It is found that at one end of the elongated CS a fan-like electron outflow region including three well-collimated electron jets appears. The ($>1$ MeV) tail of the jet energy distribution exhibits a power-law scaling. The enhanced electron acceleration is attributed to the intense inductive electric field in the narrow electron dominated reconnection region, as well as additional acceleration as they are trapped inside the rapidly moving plasmoid formed in and ejected from the CS. The ejection also induces a secondary CS

A novel treatment approach for retinoblastoma by targeting epithelial growth factor receptor expression with a shRNA lentiviral system

Objective(s): Non-invasive treatment options for retinoblastoma (RB), the most common malignant eye tumor among children, are lacking. Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) accelerates cell proliferation, survival, and invasion of many tumors including RB. However, RB treatment by targeting EGFR has not yet been researched. In the current study, we investigated the effect of EGFR down-regulation on RB progression using shRNA lentiviral vectors. Materials and Methods: EGFR expression in Weri-Rb-1 cells was down-regulated by EGFR shRNA-bearing lentiviral vectors. Cell death, proliferation, cell cycle as well as invasion after EGFR down-regulation were determined. Further signaling pathway analysis was done by Western blot. Results: Our results revealed that EGFR shRNA could specifically down-regulate EGFR expression and down-regulation of this protein promoted cell death. Further analysis on cell cycle demonstrated that EGFR down-regulation also suppressed cell proliferation by arresting cells at G1 phase. Invasion analysis showed that EGFR down-regulation suppressed cell invasion and was correlated with alteration in the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Further signaling pathway analysis revealed that EGFR down-regulation mediated RB progression was through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our study revealed that EGFR down-regulation, through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, could inhibit RB progression by promoting cell death while suppressing cell proliferation and invasion. The findings of our study indicated that down-regulation of EGFR using shRNA lentiviral vectors may offer a novel non-invasive treatment for RB

Gadolinium‐Doped Iron Oxide Nanoprobe as Multifunctional Bioimaging Agent and Drug Delivery System

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116012/1/adfm201502868.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116012/2/adfm201502868-sup-0001-S1.pd

System engineering and key technologies research and practice of smart mine

In order to overcome the problems existed in the construction process of complex giant system of smart mine, the overall technical framework of smart mine construction was proposed, and a detailed description was made from the aspects of smart mine system model construction, underground space reconstruction and model dynamic update, machine vision measurement technology, radio frequency explosion-proof test method of gas environment, mine safety closed-loop control system, smart mine standard system, etc. The smart mine was divided into information sensing support layer, edge computing layer, cloud data center, multi-type network, intelligent mine production management and control platform, intelligent mine production system and intelligent mine operation and maintenance management system. The smart mine technology architecture based on the deep integration of multiple systems was built. Based on the knowledge map and information extraction of smart mine, a smart mine system model driven by data innovation, based on communication network and centered on data computing power was constructed. A 3D visual space model based on machine vision perception information and supplemented by other perception information was constructed, and a 3D vision and spatial reconstruction framework of mine underground scene was proposed to realize the reconstruction and dynamic update of the 3D space of underground mine. Based on machine vision technology, the identification algorithm of downhole equipment position and coal-rock interface was developed to realize the simultaneous aerial measurement of fully mechanized mining equipment group and coal-rock interface. The limitations and shortcomings of the current explosion-proof standards on the power of 5G base stations in the underground gas environment were discussed, and a special test device for radio-frequency electromagnetic energy explosion-proof was designed and developed, which provides a method for reference to improve the power threshold of underground 5G base stations. The technical framework of mine disaster closed-loop management and control system, which integrates comprehensive perception of disaster information, independent decision-making of prevention and control plan, and coordinated control of prevention and control equipment, was proposed to realize advanced prediction and early warning and coordinated prevention and control of underground disasters. The framework of intelligent coal mine standard system was constructed, the typical cases of intelligent construction of coal mine and metal mine in China were analyzed, and the development trend and suggestions of intelligent mine construction were put forward

Chiral edge waves in a dance-based human topological insulator

Topological insulators are insulators in the bulk but feature chiral energy propagation along the boundary. This property is topological in nature and therefore robust to disorder. Originally discovered in electronic materials, topologically protected boundary transport has since been observed in many other physical systems. Thus, it is natural to ask whether this phenomenon finds relevance in a broader context. We choreograph a dance in which a group of humans, arranged on a square grid, behave as a topological insulator. The dance features unidirectional flow of movement through dancers on the lattice edge. This effect persists when people are removed from the dance floor. Our work extends the applicability of wave physics to the performance arts

Identify truly high-risk TP53-mutated diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients and explore the underlying biological mechanisms

TP53 mutation (TP53-mut) correlates with inferior survival in many cancers, whereas its prognostic role in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is still in controversy. Therefore, more precise risk stratification needs to be further explored for TP53-mut DLBCL patients. A set of 2637 DLBCL cases from multiple cohorts, was enrolled in our analysis. Among the 2637 DLBCL patients, 14.0% patients (370/2637) had TP53-mut. Since missense mutations account for the vast majority of TP53-mut DLBCL patients, and most non-missense mutations affect the function of the P53 protein, leading to worse survival rates, we distinguished patients with missense mutations. A TP53 missense mutation risk model was constructed based on a 150-combination machine learning computational framework, demonstrating excellent performance in predicting prognosis. Further analysis revealed that patients with high-risk missense mutations are significantly associated with early progression and exhibit dysregulation of multiple immune and metabolic pathways at the transcriptional level. Additionally, the high-risk group showed an absolutely suppressed immune microenvironment. To stratify the entire cohort of TP53-mut DLBCL, we combined clinical characteristics and ultimately constructed the TP53 Prognostic Index (TP53PI) model. In summary, we identified the truly high-risk TP53-mut DLBCL patients and explained this difference at the mutation and transcriptional levels

Neuropilin 1 is an entry factor that promotes EBV infection of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is implicated as an aetiological factor in B lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanisms of cell-free EBV infection of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells remain elusive. EBV glycoprotein B (gB) is the critical fusion protein for infection of both B and epithelial cells, and determines EBV susceptibility of non-B cells. Here we show that neuropilin 1 (NRP1) directly interacts with EBV gB23–431. Either knockdown of NRP1 or pretreatment of EBV with soluble NRP1 suppresses EBV infection. Upregulation of NRP1 by overexpression or EGF treatment enhances EBV infection. However, NRP2, the homologue of NRP1, impairs EBV infection. EBV enters nasopharyngeal epithelial cells through NRP1-facilitated internalization and fusion, and through macropinocytosis and lipid raft-dependent endocytosis. NRP1 partially mediates EBV-activated EGFR/RAS/ERK signalling, and NRP1-dependent receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signalling promotes EBV infection. Taken together, NRP1 is identified as an EBV entry factor that cooperatively activates RTK signalling, which subsequently promotes EBV infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells