2 research outputs found
Computer Processing and Analysis of Scanned Zooplankton Samples: Guidelines
Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ImageJ/Fiji ΠΈ ilastik. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²
Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ Object Classifiction / ilastik. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°
ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Arctodiaptomus salinus Π² ΠΎΠ·. Π¨ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ
(Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π₯Π°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ), ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ².
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ,
ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΆ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°
(ΠΠΠ) ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅
ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°Guidelines for computer analysis of images obtained by scanning zooplankton samples using ImageJ / Fiji and ilastik software have been developed. Instructions are given for post-processing of the primary pre-scanned material, which includes segmentation of zooplanker images and creating collections for subsequent recognition in the Object Classifiction / ilastik module. Creating these collections optimizes the work with large high-resolution image files and simplifies constructing a classifier. The method proved effective for studying spatial distribution of size structure in the population of copepod Arctodiaptomus salinus in Lake Shira. The technique was also tested on samples of natural zooplankton from lakes in the northern part of Minusinsk Lowlands (Republic of Khakassia) which have different species compositions and abundance of planktonic organisms. The capacity of bioimage analysis (BIA) for identification of zooplankton species is limited. However, in combination with traditional microscopy, it can be also used for studying the taxonomic structure of zooplankton. Based on the research results, the advantages, limitations and implications of BIA methods for processing zooplankton samples are discusse
The Effect of Salinity and Nutrient Load on the Ecosystems of Selected Lakes in the South of Siberia
Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅. Π£Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ 20 ΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ (ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ 0,1 Π΄ΠΎ 35 Π³/Π») Π½Π° ΡΠ³Π΅ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ
Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π· ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ» Π΄Π²Π° ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° (ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Π΄ΠΎ 3 Π³/Π») ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ (3β8 Π³/Π»), ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ (> 8 Π³/Π»), ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ (20β30 Π³/Π») ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΉ (> 30 Π³/Π»). ΠΠ΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎ (ΡΡΠ±Ρ) ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ 10 Π³/Π». ΠΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π»Π°
Π² ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π»Π°
Β«Π°Β». Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ (bottom-up-
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ)
Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ±
ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π²
ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ
ΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈSalinity largely determines the species diversity and structure of the food web in lake ecosystems. Many studies have been focused on the salinity tolerance of various plankton species. There are fewer studies investigating the modifications in the food web interactions under the effect of salinity. An appropriate system for such studies is closely located lakes of different salinity. We took samples during the summer stratification and analyzed the physicochemical and biological characteristics of 20 lakes (salinity 0.1-35 g/l) in southern Siberia in order to provide general description of this system and to test a number of hypotheses about the effect of salinity on the structure of the food web. The analysis revealed two key factors structuring ecosystems of the studied lakes. The species composition of zooplankton was determined by salinity, with a decrease in the number of species and the transformation of the community from a diverse community of zooplankton (salinity up to 3 g/l) to the dominance of large daphnia (3-8 g/l), copepods (> 8 g/l), small cladocerans and rotifers (20-30 g/l), and Artemia (> 30 g/l). The top predator (fish) was eliminated at salinity above 10 g/l. The biomass of zooplankton did not depend on salinity, but significantly increased in lakes with an increased nutrient load. The nutrient load also had a significant effect on the concentration of total phosphorus, turbidity and transparency of water, and the concentration of chlorophyll βaβ. Thus, we recorded the structuring effect of the nutrient load (bottom-up control) on the biomass of the trophic levels and the parameters of water transparency, while salinity transformed the trophic chain from the top, leading to the disappearance of fish and a change in the dominant species of zooplankton. At the
same time, salinity did not affect the biomass of the trophic levels. In order to detect top-down effects
in the ecosystems of saline lakes, it is necessary to perform a comparative analysis of the seasonal
dynamics of ecosystems of lakes with different salinit