In Vivo Evaluation of Biocompatibility of Three Biomaterials Used in Endodontics for Prosthetic Purposes in Complex Rehabilitation Treatment

The ideal biomaterial used in endodontics in the process of sealing the radicular canals should possess a group of qualities for a predictable outcome: biocompatibility, initiation of ontogenesis and cementogenesis, ease of handling, sufficient manipulation time, and convenient price. For a perfect sealing, the root canal treatment can be followed by prosthetic restoration. This study of biocompatibility aims to determine the quantification of the local reaction following the implantation of three biomaterials in the rabbit subcutaneous connective tissue. The used biomaterials with particular reparative properties are: MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Dentsply, Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN, USA), Sealapex (Kerr, Switzerland), and DiaRoot BioAggregate (Innovative BioCaramix Inc, Vancouver, BC, Canada). The first two biomaterials (MTA, Sealapex) are already being used in endodontic treatments, and the latter was newly introduced during the concrete development of the study. This is an experimental study focused on qualitative and quantitative analysis based on histopathological examination and underlined by the positive result of the study undertaken of the applicability of oral rehabilitation treatments, increasing patients’ quality of life by a significant proportion of 95%, and generating optimal functionality of the stomatognathic system with prosthetic devices as well as accomplishing the objectives of homeostasis

THE PREVALENCE OF APICAL PERIODONTITIS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND NORMOTENSIVE PATIENTS USING CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Aim of the study The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence and magnitude of periapical lesions in normotensive and hypertensive patients using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods The aim of this study was to compare the aspects of periapical lesion in hypertensive and normotensive conditions using CBCT datasets for 132 patients. Periapical status of all included teeth was assessed by CBCT images. Statistical analysis was conducted using t-test, chi-square, and multiple regression. Results The prevalence of apical periodontitis was 16.95% in arterial hypertension and 15.63% in normotensive was significant difference. The mean of the average size of lesions between the two groups were almost comparable, 3.60 mm in arterial hypertension and 2.95 mm in normotensive patients. The number of arterial hypertension years before taking CBCT was not correlated with either the percentage nor the size of the lesions present. Conclusions Periapical lesion size did not differ between hypertensive and normotensive, there was no difference between this in terms of apical periodontitis

ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS FINDINGS ON CONE BEAM-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN CLEFT LIP AND PALATE PATIENTS

Introduction: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is frequently used in surgery treatment planning in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of different anatomical variations of patients with cleft lip and palate using CBCT images. Materials and method: CBCTs taken from consecutive patients (n =25; mean age 10.7±4 years, range 6.5–23 years) with a non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP), between June 2014-2015, were systematically evaluated. Sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ), maxilla and mandible were checked for incidental findings. Results: On 90.1 % of the CBCTs, incidental findings were found. The most prevalent ones were airway/sinus findings (78.1%), followed by dental problems, e.g. missing teeth (54%), nasal septum deviation (93%), middle ear and mastoid opacification, suggestive for otitis media (8%) and (chronic) mastoiditis (7%), abnormal TMJ anatomy (4.3%). Conclusions: Incidental findings are common on CBCTs in cleft lip and palate patients. Compared with the literature, CLP patients have more dental, nasal and ear problems. The CBCT scan should be reviewed by all specialists in the CLP team, stress being laid on their specific background knowledge concerning symptoms and treatment of these patients

THREE-DIMENSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PHARYNGEAL AIRWAY AND MAXILLARY SINUS VOLUMES IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NON-SYNDROMIC CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

Introduction: Children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) are known to have airway problems. Introduction of ConeBeam CT (CBCT) and imaging software has facilitated generation of 3D images for assessing the volume of maxillary sinuses and pharyngeal airway. Consequently, the present study aimed at evaluating and comparing the maxillary sinus and pharyngeal airway volume of patients with cleft lip and palate in healthy patients, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and method: The sample group included 27 individuals (15 with cleft lip and palate subjects and 12 healthy subjects). The pharyngeal airway and each maxillary sinus were three-dimensionally assessed, segmented and their volume was calculated. A comparison between the right and left sinus was performed by Student t-test, and the differences between the control and cleft groups were calculated using ANOVA. Results: No statistically significant differences were found when the maxillary sinuses volumes from each side were compared (p >0.05). The unilateral CLP patients presented the lowest sinus volume. Individuals with CLP did not exhibit a total airway volume smaller than the nonCLP controls. Conclusions: 3D imaging using CBCT and Romexis software is reliable for assessing maxillary sinus and pharyngeal airway volume. The present study showed that the pharyngeal airway is not compromised in CLP individuals. The unilateral CLP individuals present maxillary sinuses with smaller volumes, no differences being recorded between the cleft and non-cleft side

DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP OF THE PERIAPICAL LESIONS IN THE NON-SURGICAL ENDODONTIC TREATMENT: A CBCT STUDY

Aim of the study The study aimed to determine, by using CBCT, the prevalence and the extension of the periapical healing processes during short term follow-up of the endodontically treated chronic apical lesions. Material and methods Using CBCT examen, 15 teeth (20 roots) affected by chronic apical periodontitis were selected for this study. Ez3D 2009 Plus software was used to perform accurate measurements of bone lesions before and 3 months after treatment. Results The results of our study show the partial healing of the chronic periapical lesions after nonsurgical endodontic treatment, with a prevalence of the healing reactions of 77% for CAP with CBCT-PAI 3, 43% for CAP with CBCT-PAI 4, and 25% for CAP with CBCT-PAI 5. For the entire study group, partial healing was observed at 3 months follow-up in 65% cases, with higher percents (77%) for teeth with CBCT-PAI 3. Conclusion CBCT diagnostic and the follow-up of the results in the case of the non-surgical endodontic therapy of the chronic apical periodontitis is a reliable tool that must be considered for an extended use in the endodontic field