Современное состояние электрификации России

В статье показано, что современное развитие электрификации РФ в сопоставлении с государствами, входящими в G8, очевидно недостающее. При этом есть большой потенциал электросбережения в секторах экономики. Потребление электроэнергии населением существенно находится в зависимости от значения их денежных доходов и темпов роста тарифов на электричество

Matisse: A Concurrent and Object-Oriented System Specification Language

We present Matisse, a concurrent object-oriented system specification language, well-suited for protocol processing applications used in telecom networks. An industrial application used in ATM networks is introduced. From this case study, we derive the requirements that must be supported by Matisse. Matisse is the entry point for the methodology presented in [6], that bridges the gap between system specification and synthesis tools commercially available. In contrast to the system specification languages currently used in industry, Matisse is implementation-independent and permits the exploration of different embedded hardware/software realizations

Linking run-time resource management of embedded multi-core platforms with automated design-time exploration

Nowadays, owing to unpredictable changes of the environment and workload variation, optimally running multiple applications in terms of quality, performance and power consumption on embedded multi-core platforms is a huge challenge. A lightweight run-time manager, linked with an automated design-time exploration and incorporated in the host processor of the platform, is required to dynamically and efficiently configure the applications according to the available platform resources (e.g. processing elements, memories, communication bandwidth), for minimising the cost (e.g. power consumption), while satisfying the constraints (e.g. deadlines). This study presents a flow linking a design-time design space explorer, coupled with platform simulators at two abstraction levels, with a fast and lightweight priority-based heuristic integrated in the run-time manager to select near-optimal application configurations. To illustrate its feasibility and the very low complexity of the run-time selection, the proposed flow is used to manage the processors and clock frequencies of a multiple-stream MPEG4 encoder chip dedicated to automotive cognitive safety applications

Run-time resource management based on design space exploration

A main challenge in today's embedded system design is to find the perfect balance between performance and power consumption. This paper presents a run-time resource management framework for embedded heterogeneous multi-core platforms. It allows dynamic adaptation to changing application context and transparent optimization of the platform resource usage following a distributed and hierarchical approach. A Global Resource Manager (GRM) is running in parallel with the central manager of the application on the host processor of the platform. Each IP core of the platform can execute its own Local Resource Manager (LRM), and the GRM conforms to practices of each LRM. The operating points managed by the GRM are identified in a design-space exploration phase as a set of Pareto-optimal configurations of the application and their impacts with regards to the quality of experience, performance and energy consumption. The GRM has already been integrated in a POSIX version of an audio-driven video surveillance application in order to maximize its QoE parameters with respect to the battery duration and the energy budget of the platform, used to analyze the GRM efficiency

An industrial design space exploration framework for supporting run-time resource management on multi-core systems

Current multi-core design methodologies are facing increasing unpredictability in terms of quality due to the actual diversity of the workloads that characterize the deployment scenario. To this end, these systems expose a set of dynamic parameters which can be tuned at run-time to achieve a specified Quality of Service (QoS) in terms of performance. A run-time manager operating system module is in charge of matching the specified QoS with the available platform resources by manipulating the overall degree of task-level parallelism of each application as well as the frequency of operation of each of the system cores. In this paper, we introduce a design space exploration framework for enabling and supporting enhanced resource management through software re-configuration on an industrial multi-core platform. From one side, the framework operates at design time to identify a set of promising operating points which represent the optimal trade-off in terms of the target power consumption and performance. The operating points are used after the system has been deployed to support an enhanced resource management policy. This is done by a light-weight resource management layer which filters and selects the optimal parallelism of each application and operating frequency of each core to achieve the QoS constraints imposed by the external world and/or the user. We show how the proposed design-time and run-time techniques can be used to optimally manage the resources of a multiple-stream MPEG4 encoding chip dedicated to automotive cognitive safety tasks

System Specification for Applications with Dynamic Data Storage and Intensive Data Transfer

Telecommunication systems are rapidly increasing in design complexity, while design time is shortening. Currently, each hardware component in these systems is specified, using hardware description languages. At this level, code is hard to read, modify/maintain, and reuse. In addition, simulation speed is a limiting factor for validation. To overcome these limitations we have developed the Matisse language and its underlying model. This paper presents Matisse, a concurrent object-oriented system specification language, well suited for telecom applications. The applicability of the Matisse language and the effectiveness of its underlying model is demonstrated by the results obtained for two industrial applications used in ATM networks. Moreover, Matisse allows design exploration of alternatives and dynamic memory management refinement which are incorporated in a methodology that bridges the gap between system specification and synthesis tools commercially available.