Impact Of Folate Depletion On Expression Of Folate Metabolizing Enzymes

Folate is a water-soluble vitamin B that plays a critical roles in the de novo nucleotide synthesis, DNA repair, DNA methylation, and cellular growth. By involved in the one-carbon metabolic pathways, folate influences the thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) and the purine nucleotides synthesis, consequently affect the DNA synthesis and repair. Through the one-carbon pathway, the folate level also influences the DNA methylation, consequently affect the gene expression. In this study, we inspected the change of gene expression of 14 genes which are related to the folate metabolism in two different cell lines. One is MEF cell line and the other one is BNL-C2 cell line. So that we could figure out the difference of gene expression change level between the MEF and BNL-CL2 cell lines when they suffer the folate depletion condition. From the result we got, we can know that except from RFC, FPGS , SHMT1and MTHFD1, other 11 genes all have the similar gene expression change level between the MEF and BNL-CL2 cell lines when they suffer the folate depletion condition. The different gene expression of RFC between the two cell lines might due to liver needs to release the folate derivatives to other body part where dividing cell regularly such as skin cells. The difference of FPGS between two cell lines might due to liver is the central organ for folate homeostasis, the gene expression in liver won\u27t change much even the cells are suffering folate depletion condition. However, skin cells needs large amount of folate or its derivatives to support the cell division or cell growth, when the skin cells suffer the folate depletion condition, skin cells might increase the gene expression of FPGS to reestablish the folate homeostasis. The difference of MTHFD1 and SHMT1 between two cell lines might due to liver is not the organ replicate cells so regularly like the skin cells, when the skin cells suffer the folate depletion condition, skin cells might increase the gene expression of MTHFD1 and SHMT1 to get more tetrahydrofolate and 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate which are substrates for de novo synthesis of methionine, thymidylate and purine

Impact of Inter-firm Relationship Fairness in Strategic Alliance on Relationship Commitment -- Mediating Effects of Inter-firm Trust

As one of the core influencing factors of inter-firm relationship, relationship commitment has an important effect on the continuity of the inter-firm cooperative relationship and the enhancement of cooperative performance. By selecting 230 enterprises in Jiangsu as the study samples, collecting data through questionnaires and using an intermediary model, the impact imposed by inter-firm relationship fairness on the relationship commitment is studied and the mediating effect of inter-firm trust is testified in this paper. The results show that a route by which the relationship fairness affects the relationship commitment does exist in the sector of inter-firm cooperative relationship in China. Among them, distributive fairness can not only promote affective commitment directly, but also in the meantime bring in an indirect effect on the affective commitment through talent trust, while procedural fairness imposes positive impacts on affective commitment mainly by talent trust, the mediating variable. Besides, the improvement of interaction fairness can directly reduce the level of inter-firm calculative commitment on the one hand, and meanwhile helps to improve the inter-firm benevolent trust level and indirectly affects the calculative commitment on the other hand.Key words: Relationship fairness; Relationship commitment; Inter-firm trust; Mediating effec

Risk Assessment and Prediction of Aflatoxin in Agro-Products

Aflatoxin (AFT), highly toxic and carcinogenic to humans, seriously threatens consumption safety of agro-products. It is necessary to conduct risk assessment of aflatoxin contamination in agro-food products to find out critical control points (CCPs) and develop prediction, prevention and control theories and technologies. In this chapter, risk assessment and prediction of aflatoxin contamination in peanut were taken as an example. The values under the limit of detection (LOD) were replaced by zero, 1/2 LOD or LOD according to their respective proportion, and the distribution of values higher than the LOD was fitted by @RISK software. AFB1 dietary exposure was evaluated based on non-parametric probability risk assessment and margin of exposure (MOE). A risk ranking method was adopted for mycotoxins based on food risk expectation ranking. Spatial analysis of AFB1 contamination was conducted using geographic information system (GIS). Average climatic conditions were calculated by Thiessen polygon method and the relationship between AFB1 concentration and average pre-harvest climatic conditions was obtained through multiple regression. To fulfill the purposes of reducing cost, increasing efficiency, maximizing the role of risk assessment and prediction, and improving the quality and safety of agricultural products, we will continuously focus on developing advanced and integrated technologies and solutions

Empowering AI drug discovery with explicit and implicit knowledge

Motivation: Recently, research on independently utilizing either explicit knowledge from knowledge graphs or implicit knowledge from biomedical literature for AI drug discovery has been growing rapidly. These approaches have greatly improved the prediction accuracy of AI models on multiple downstream tasks. However, integrating explicit and implicit knowledge independently hinders their understanding of molecules. Results: We propose DeepEIK, a unified deep learning framework that incorporates both explicit and implicit knowledge for AI drug discovery. We adopt feature fusion to process the multi-modal inputs, and leverage the attention mechanism to denoise the text information. Experiments show that DeepEIK significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods on crucial tasks in AI drug discovery including drug-target interaction prediction, drug property prediction and protein-protein interaction prediction. Further studies show that benefiting from explicit and implicit knowledge, our framework achieves a deeper understanding of molecules and shows promising potential in facilitating drug discovery applications.Comment: Bioinformatic

Distinctive Genes Determine Different Intramuscular Fat and Muscle Fiber Ratios of the longissimus dorsi Muscles in Jinhua and Landrace Pigs

Meat quality is determined by properties such as carcass color, tenderness and drip loss. These properties are closely associated with meat composition, which includes the types of muscle fiber and content of intramuscular fat (IMF). Muscle fibers are the main contributors to meat mass, while IMF not only contributes to the sensory properties but also to the plethora of physical, chemical and technological properties of meat. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that determine meat composition in different pig breeds. In this report we show that Jinhua pigs, a Chinese breed, contains much higher levels of IMF than do Landrace pigs, a Danish breed. We analyzed global gene expression profiles in the longissimus dorsi muscles in Jinhua and Landrace breeds at the ages of 30, 90 and 150 days. Cross-comparison analysis revealed that genes that regulate fatty acid biosynthesis (e.g., fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase) are expressed at higher levels in Jinhua pigs whereas those that regulate myogenesis (e.g., myogenic factor 6 and forkhead box O1) are expressed at higher levels in Landrace pigs. Among those genes which are highly expressed in Jinhua pigs at 90 days (d90), we identified a novel gene porcine FLJ36031 (pFLJ), which functions as a positive regulator of fat deposition in cultured intramuscular adipocytes. In summary, our data showed that the up-regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis regulatory genes such as pFLJ and myogenesis inhibitory genes such as myostatin in the longissimus dorsi muscles of Jinhua pigs could explain why this local breed produces meat with high levels of IMF

Association between Non-Suicidal Self-Injuries and Suicide Attempts in Chinese Adolescents and College Students: A Cross-Section Study

This study examined the association between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents and college students.A total sample of 2013 Chinese students were randomly selected from five schools in Wuhan, China, including 1101 boys and 912 girls with the age ranging between 10 and 24 years. NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and depressive symptoms were measured by self-rated questionnaires. Self-reported suicide attempts were regressed on suicidal ideation and NSSI, controlling for participants' depressive symptoms, and demographic characteristics.The self-reported prevalence rates of NSSI, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts were 15.5%, 8.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses indicated that NSSI was significantly associated with self-reported suicide attempts. Analyses examining the conditional association of NSSI and suicidal ideation with self-reported suicide attempts revealed that NSSI was significantly associated with greater risk of suicide attempts in those not reporting suicidal ideation than those reporting suicidal ideation in the past year.These findings highlight the importance of NSSI as a potentially independent risk factor for suicide attempts among Chinese/Han adolescents and college students

A β-glucosidase hyper-production Trichoderma reesei mutant reveals a potential role of cel3D in cellulase production

Abstract Background The conversion of cellulose by cellulase to fermentable sugars for biomass-based products such as cellulosic biofuels, biobased fine chemicals and medicines is an environment-friendly and sustainable process, making wastes profitable and bringing economic benefits. Trichoderma reesei is the well-known major workhorse for cellulase production in industry, but the low β-glucosidase activity in T. reesei cellulase leads to inefficiency in biomass degradation and limits its industrial application. Thus, there are ongoing interests in research to develop methods to overcome this insufficiency. Moreover, although β-glucosidases have been demonstrated to influence cellulase production and participate in the regulation of cellulase production, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Results The T. reesei recombinant strain TRB1 was constructed from T. reesei RUT-C30 by the T-DNA-based mutagenesis. Compared to RUT-C30, TRB1 displays a significant enhancement of extracellular β-glucosidase (BGL1) activity with 17-fold increase, a moderate increase of both the endoglucanase (EG) activity and the exoglucanase (CBH) activity, a minor improvement of the total filter paper activity, and a faster cellulase induction. This superiority of TRB1 over RUT-C30 is independent on carbon sources and improves the saccharification ability of TRB1 cellulase on pretreated corn stover. Furthermore, TRB1 shows better resistance to carbon catabolite repression than RUT-C30. Secretome characterization of TRB1 shows that the amount of CBH, EG and BGL in the supernatant of T. reesei TRB1 was indeed increased along with the enhanced activities of these three enzymes. Surprisingly, qRT-PCR and gene cloning showed that in TRB1 β-glucosidase cel3D was mutated through the random insertion by AMT and was not expressed. Conclusions The T. reesei recombinant strain TRB1 constructed in this study is more desirable for industrial application than the parental strain RUT-C30, showing extracellular β-glucosidase hyper production, high cellulase production within a shorter time and a better resistance to carbon catabolite repression. Disruption of β-glucosidase cel3D in TRB1 was identified, which might contribute to the superiority of TRB1 over RUT-C30 and might play a role in the cellulase production. These results laid a foundation for future investigations to further improve cellulase enzymatic efficiency and reduce cost for T. reesei cellulase production.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134636/1/12934_2016_Article_550.pd

68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT versus 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI for the detection of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PurposeOur aim was to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review in order to compare the diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI in patients with biochemically recurrent after radical prostatectomy and biochemically recurrent prostate cancers (BCR) after hybrid RT and RP.MethodsUp until February 2023, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for pertinent papers. Studies examining the utility of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT or PET/MRI as a screening tool for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer were included. To measure heterogeneity, we employed the I2 statistic. In cases of substantial heterogeneity (I2 > 50%), we used the random effect model to produce a forest plot. In other cases, we utilized the fixed model. Furthermore, we assessed the quality of the studies included using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Performance Studies (QUADAS-2) method.ResultsIn total, 37 studies involving 8409 patients were examined. For 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI, the combined total detection rate was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65-0.75) and 0.71 (95% CI:0.67-0.75), respectively. 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI did not substantially differ in terms of the overall detection rate for BCR (P = 0.58). The detection rate was unaffected by the PSA values (all P > 0.05).ConclusionThe diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT appears to be equivalent to that of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI in detecting biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. Nonetheless, it should be noted that not all studies have used pathological biopsies as the gold standard. Therefore, additional larger prospective studies are needed to address this issue.Systematic review registrationidentifier CRD42023410039