Computational Design of Wiring Layout on Tight Suits with Minimal Motion Resistance

An increasing number of electronics are directly embedded on the clothing to monitor human status (e.g., skeletal motion) or provide haptic feedback. A specific challenge to prototype and fabricate such a clothing is to design the wiring layout, while minimizing the intervention to human motion. We address this challenge by formulating the topological optimization problem on the clothing surface as a deformation-weighted Steiner tree problem on a 3D clothing mesh. Our method proposed an energy function for minimizing strain energy in the wiring area under different motions, regularized by its total length. We built the physical prototype to verify the effectiveness of our method and conducted user study with participants of both design experts and smart cloth users. On three types of commercial products of smart clothing, the optimized layout design reduced wire strain energy by an average of 77% among 248 actions compared to baseline design, and 18% over the expert design.Comment: This work is accepted at SIGGRAPH ASIA 2023(Conference Track

Whole Genome Distribution and Ethnic Differentiation of Copy Number Variation in Caucasian and Asian Populations

Although copy number variation (CNV) has recently received much attention as a form of structure variation within the human genome, knowledge is still inadequate on fundamental CNV characteristics such as occurrence rate, genomic distribution and ethnic differentiation. In the present study, we used the Affymetrix GeneChip® Mapping 500K Array to discover and characterize CNVs in the human genome and to study ethnic differences of CNVs between Caucasians and Asians. Three thousand and nineteen CNVs, including 2381 CNVs in autosomes and 638 CNVs in X chromosome, from 985 Caucasian and 692 Asian individuals were identified, with a mean length of 296 kb. Among these CNVs, 190 had frequencies greater than 1% in at least one ethnic group, and 109 showed significant ethnic differences in frequencies (p<0.01). After merging overlapping CNVs, 1135 copy number variation regions (CNVRs), covering approximately 439 Mb (14.3%) of the human genome, were obtained. Our findings of ethnic differentiation of CNVs, along with the newly constructed CNV genomic map, extend our knowledge on the structural variation in the human genome and may furnish a basis for understanding the genomic differentiation of complex traits across ethnic groups

Effects of Ultrasound Treatment on Extraction and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharides from Auricularia Cornea var. Li.

Auricularia cornea var. Li. is an edible fungi and polysaccharides in Auricularia cornea var. Li. may have bioactive activities. Polysaccharides from Auricularia cornea var. Li. (ACP) was extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method and compared with hot water extraction (HWE) for extraction yield, extraction rate, purity of polysaccharides, microstructure of residues after extraction, preliminary structure and rheological properties of polysaccharides. Optimum conditions for UAE (particle size of 150&ndash;200 mesh, water to raw material ratio of 70:1, extraction temperature at 70 &deg;C for 40 min, ultrasonic amplitude of 40%) and HWE (particle size of 150&ndash;200 mesh, water to raw material ratio of 60:1, extraction temperature at 90 &deg;C for 3.0 h) were obtained via single-factor experiment. Under optimum conditions, extraction yield of polysaccharides by UAE was 30.99 &plusmn; 1.93% which showed no significant difference with that by HWE (30.35 &plusmn; 1.67%) (P &gt; 0.05). Extraction rate (29.29 &plusmn; 1.41%) and purity (88.62 &plusmn; 2.80%) of polysaccharides by UAE were higher than those by HWE (extraction rate of 24.95 &plusmn; 2.78% and purity of 75.33 &plusmn; 6.15%) (P &lt; 0.05). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of residues by UAE showed more broken cells than those by HWE. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that the dialyzed ACP extracted by HWE and UAE (DACP-HWE and DACP-UAE) had similar characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides. Both DACP-HWE and DACP-UAE solutions showed typical shear thinning and temperature-independent behaviors (25&ndash;90 &deg;C) and UAE resulted in polysaccharides with remarkably lower viscosity in comparison with HWE. DACP-UAE solutions exhibited more liquid-like state while DACP-HWE solutions solid-like system. Data indicated that ultrasound treatment may be a useful means for extraction of polysaccharides from Auricularia cornea var. Li

Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Crafting

The study aims to examine the mediating role of job crafting between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior. The data were collected from 314 workers employed in China’s small and medium-sized industries. The data collection was done through survey design. The data analysis was done using Spss 26.0 and through structural equation modeling by Mplus 8. Inclusive leadership was found to be related to job crafting and innovative work behavior of the employees. Job crafting was found to be mediating between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior. The study delineated the link mechanism between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior. Studying inclusive leadership in the context of Chinese culture is a powerful complement to inclusive leadership theory. This paper provides the managers of SMEs with significant managerial insights into how inclusive leadership can effectively motivate employees’ innovative work behaviors