Evolutionary computation enabled game theory based modelling of electricity market behaviours and applications

The collapse of the Californian electricity market system in 2001 has highlighted urgency in research in intelligent electricity trading systems and strategies involving both suppliers and customs. In their trading systems, power generation companies under the new electricity trading arrangement (NETA) of the UK are now developing gaming strategies. However, modelling of such "intelligent" market behaviours is extremely challenging, because traditional mathematical and computer modelling techniques cannot cope with the involvement of game theory. In this paper, evolutionary computation enabled modelling of such system is presented. Both competitive and cooperative game theory strategies are taken into account in evolving the intelligent model. The model then leads to intelligent trading strategy development and decision support. Experimental tests, verification and validation are carried out with various strategies, using different model scales and data published by NETA. Results show that evolutionary computation enabled game theory involved modelling and decision making provides an effective tool for NETA trading analysis, prediction and support

Relativistic Generalization of the Post-Prior Equivalence for Reaction of Composite Particles

In the non-relativistic description of the reaction of composite particles, the reaction matrix is independent of the choice of post or prior forms for the interaction. We generalize this post-prior equivalence to the relativistic reaction of composite particles by using Dirac's constraint dynamics to describe the bound states and the reaction process.Comment: 3 pages in LaTex. Invited talk presented at the Third Joint Meeting of Chinese Physicists Worldwide in Hong Kong, 2000, to be published in the proceeding