3,581 research outputs found
Corporate governance and political involvement in Japan and Taiwan
This thesis examines issues associated with the interaction of government and
financial institutions in the operation of a company through the board of directors in
Japan and Taiwan. Specially, it highlights the relationships between a company, the
main bank system, and the system of amakudari (appointing retired bureaucrats to
the board of public companies). The focus is on why government and financial
institutions intervene in the operation of a company, and whether the intervention of
government and financial institutions is related to the subsequent operation of a
company through the board of directors. The empirical results suggest that
governments and financial institutions tend to appoint representatives to the board in
order to help troubled companies. On the other hand, a negative relationship is
established between the presence of retired bureaucrats (amakudari) and subsequent
firm performance and the degree of internationalisation. Thus, while the system of
amakudari may use its power in an attempt to save troubled companies, the argument
that monitoring ability of the board may be jeopardised to the detriment of firm
performance and the degree of internationalisation is supported. The empirical results
also demonstrate that intervention of governments and financial institutions is an
integral part of the operation a company in Japan and Taiwan.Furthermore, with the latest reform of corporate governance in Taiwan, the thesis
also introduces the institutional background of incentive payments and
sub-committees and examines whether the level and the structure of top executives'
compensation and incentive payments are related to firm performance and the
corporate governance mechanism. The empirical results indicate that the alignment
between executives' and shareholders' interests is not less efficient in
government-linked companies (GLCs) compared to non-government-linked
companies (non-GLCs). Additionally, although the Taiwanese authorities have
started to reform corporate governance in Taiwan, the grants of incentive payments
to top executives are not necessarily related to performance or the corporate
governance mechanism, such as the ratio of outside directors
A Mixed-methods Study of Governance Mechanisms and Outsourcing Information System Services on Goal Performance
Background: Information systems outsourcing (ISO) is one of the critical businesses in information technology outsourcing (ITO). Due to the increasing complexity of ISO, the failure rate of such outsourcing increases. Outsourcing information system services (OISS) was thus proposed to deal with this. A conceptual framework based on the information processing view was developed to investigate how the client firms assess OISS goal performance. Governance mechanisms (governance structure, relational governance, and IT coordination) were treated as antecedents of transaction cost and outsourcing flexibility; these would further affect goal performance (goal achievement and goal exceedance) with task complexity as a moderator.
Method: A mix-methods study was conducted; the qualitative approach was employed to validate the conceptual framework by interviewing three managers with experiences in OISS from the client firms, whereas the quantitative approach, with 206 responses from those with OISS experiences from the client firms, provides empirical evidence.
Results: The results indicated that relational governance effectively reduced transaction cost and increased outsourcing flexibility; the governance structure was also vital for outsourcing flexibility. Transaction cost was found to negatively affect goal achievement, and outsourcing flexibility positively affected both goal achievement and goal exceedance. The moderating effects of task complexity were also confirmed.
Conclusion: The results extended the information processing view to OISS and proved that transaction cost and outsourcing flexibility are necessary to link governance mechanisms and goal performance. Practically, the client firms are suggested to maintain a positive relationship with the OISS provider. The OISS provider should offer an exclusive channel during and after the execution of the OISS project to reduce the possible cost that occurs during the implementation and improve the outsourcing flexibility to allow the client firms to consider their goals have been achieved and beyond their expectations. By doing so, the effect of goal performance can be maximized
Interpretations of Domain Adaptations via Layer Variational Analysis
Transfer learning is known to perform efficiently in many applications
empirically, yet limited literature reports the mechanism behind the scene.
This study establishes both formal derivations and heuristic analysis to
formulate the theory of transfer learning in deep learning. Our framework
utilizing layer variational analysis proves that the success of transfer
learning can be guaranteed with corresponding data conditions. Moreover, our
theoretical calculation yields intuitive interpretations towards the knowledge
transfer process. Subsequently, an alternative method for network-based
transfer learning is derived. The method shows an increase in efficiency and
accuracy for domain adaptation. It is particularly advantageous when new domain
data is sufficiently sparse during adaptation. Numerical experiments over
diverse tasks validated our theory and verified that our analytic expression
achieved better performance in domain adaptation than the gradient descent
method.Comment: Published at ICLR 202
THE ANTECEDENTS OF AN INDIVIDUAL\u27S COMMITMENTS TOWARD CONTINUOUSLY USING SOCIAL NETWORK SITE
The Social network sites (SNS) has been rapid diffusion around the world. With the increasing importance of SNS, continuance intention also becomes a popular issue in the SNS context. SNS providers have to maintain better relationships with users and make individuals continue to use their sites. Based on this phenomenon, the objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of the continuance intention of SNS through examining the effects of commitments. Specifically, followed Meyer and Allen’s three-component model of commitment, we develop a theoretical model to understand the factors that influence normative, affective and continued commitment and investigate the effects of commitments on continuance intention in the SNS context. Through a survey-based empirical investigation, we anticipate the results to enhance our existing knowledge on continuance intention in the SNS context
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