5,894 research outputs found
Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution With Modified Coherent State
To beat PNS attack, decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD) based on
coherent state has been studied widely. We present a decoy state QKD protocol
with modified coherent state (MCS). By destruction quantum interference, MCS
with fewer multi-photon events can be get, which may improve key bit rate and
security distance of QKD. Through numerical simulation, we show about 2-dB
increment on security distance for BB84 protocol.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Simple and Effective Curriculum Pointer-Generator Networks for Reading Comprehension over Long Narratives
This paper tackles the problem of reading comprehension over long narratives
where documents easily span over thousands of tokens. We propose a curriculum
learning (CL) based Pointer-Generator framework for reading/sampling over large
documents, enabling diverse training of the neural model based on the notion of
alternating contextual difficulty. This can be interpreted as a form of domain
randomization and/or generative pretraining during training. To this end, the
usage of the Pointer-Generator softens the requirement of having the answer
within the context, enabling us to construct diverse training samples for
learning. Additionally, we propose a new Introspective Alignment Layer (IAL),
which reasons over decomposed alignments using block-based self-attention. We
evaluate our proposed method on the NarrativeQA reading comprehension
benchmark, achieving state-of-the-art performance, improving existing baselines
by relative improvement on BLEU-4 and relative improvement on
Rouge-L. Extensive ablations confirm the effectiveness of our proposed IAL and
CL components.Comment: Accepted to ACL 201
Beating the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt and the Svetlichny games with Optimal States
We study the relation between the maximal violation of Svetlichny's
inequality and the mixedness of quantum states and obtain the optimal state
(i.e., maximally nonlocal mixed states, or MNMS, for each value of linear
entropy) to beat the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt and the Svetlichny games. For
the two-qubit and three-qubit MNMS, we showed that these states are also the
most tolerant state against white noise, and thus serve as valuable quantum
resources for such games. In particular, the quantum prediction of the MNMS
decreases as the linear entropy increases, and then ceases to be nonlocal when
the linear entropy reaches the critical points and for the
two- and three-qubit cases, respectively. The MNMS are related to classical
errors in experimental preparation of maximally entangled states.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures; minor changes; accepted in Physical Review
Improving therapeutic HPV peptide-based vaccine potency by enhancing CD4+ T help and dendritic cell activation
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Effective vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) represents an opportunity to control cervical cancer. Peptide-based vaccines targeting HPV E6 and/or E7 antigens while safe, will most likely require additional strategies to enhance the vaccine potency.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We tested the HPV-16 E7 peptide-based vaccine in combination with a strategy to enhance CD4+ T help using a Pan HLA-DR epitope (PADRE) peptide and a strategy to enhance dendritic cell activation using the toll-like receptor 3 ligand, poly(I:C).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We observed that mice vaccinated with E7 peptide-based vaccine in combination with PADRE peptide and poly(I:C) generated better E7-specific CD8<sup>+ </sup>T cell immune responses as well as significantly improved therapeutic anti-tumor effects against TC-1 tumors compared to E7 peptide-based vaccine with either PADRE peptide or poly(I:C) alone. Furthermore, we found that intratumoral vaccination with the E7 peptide in conjunction with PADRE peptide and poly(I:C) generates a significantly higher frequency of E7-specific CD8<sup>+ </sup>T cells as well as better survival compared to subcutaneous vaccination with the same regimen in treated mice.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The combination of PADRE peptide and poly(I:C) with antigenic peptide is capable of generating potent antigen-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses and antitumor effects in vaccinated mice. Our study has significant clinical implications for peptide-based vaccination.</p
Cyclic Universe with Quintom matter in Loop Quantum Cosmology
In this paper, we study the possibility of model building of cyclic universe
with Quintom matter in the framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology. After a general
demonstration, we provide two examples, one with double-fluid and another
double-scalar field, to show how such a scenario is obtained. Analytical and
numerical calculations are both presented in the paper.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
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