2 research outputs found
Participando se entiende la gente : metodología para la mejora de las competencias instrumentales
Este proyecto quiere favorecer el desarrollo de las competencias en el área de razonamiento y cálculo numérico; y en el área de comprensión y expresión oral y escrita. Los objetivos generales son reducir el índice de fracaso escolar, mejorar las competencias matemáticas, mejorar también las estrategias de escritura y lectura y potenciar el rendimiento académico del alumnado. En relación a la lectura y escritura destacan objetivos específicos como conocer los principales tipos de texto y las diferentes formas de elocución; ampliar el vocabulario; comprender y analizar todo tipo de textos; crear o producir textos con criterio personal y respetar las opiniones ajenas; valorar la lectura y la bilioteca como fuentes de información; y respetar las normas que rigen el intercambio comunicativo en diálogos, coloquios o debates. Para la mejora de competencias científico-matemáticas se busca apoyar el trabajo de los alumnos y resolver sus dudas y dificultades con mediante el desdoble, refuerzos o agrupamientos de clase. El instituto pone en práctica cuatro medidas para llevar a cabo estos objetivos. La primera consiste en incluir en el aula dos profesores, de este modo ambos comparten un mismo espacio y un mismo grupo en el que se encuentran alumnos de compensatoria e integración. De esta forma, se pueden atender las necesidades de todos más eficazmente. la segunda consiste en hacer grupos heterogéneos y flexibles de cuatro o cinco alumnos para trabajar en equipo y se evita el descuelgue de algunos chicos del ritmo de la clase. La tercera es un taller de creación literaria con tres tipos de relatos de aventuras, de miedo y un relato que incluye una receta de cocina. Además se organizan tertulias literarias en las que profesores y alumnos tienen que leer, sustraer las ideas principales de la obra seleccionada y debatirla y comentarla. Por último, se diseña en turno de tarde unas clases de apoyo escolar a las materias científico-matemáticas para dar respuesta y explicación a las dudas planteadas en las clases. Para desarrollar la evaluación se utilizan instrumentos como cuestionarios, grupos de discusión y entrevistas individuales. Se aportan como anexos modelos de los distintos custionarios, actividades para grupos y modelos de evaluación..Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación. Dirección General de Mejora de la Calidad de la EnseñanzaMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES
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Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study
We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care