Design of home intelligent robot of internet of things

An aging society is the challenge we will face and deal with. It is necessary and important to explore the problems and solutions faced by an aging society. In response to this phenomenon, we designed an IoT home smart robot based on ESP8266 and STM32 to improve the quality of life of the elderly. The robot can realize functions such as environmental monitoring, fire warning, electrical power distribution, light control, auxiliary weight lifting, weather forecast, etc. Connecting to the Baidu cloud platform can realize data visualization, allowing children to remotely view the family's data and equipment conditions in the cloud, and has the function of automatically mopping the floor to reduce the burden of housework. On the basis of the mechanical structure design, combined with the current emerging Internet of Things technology and electronic control technology, mechatronics, the research and development cost is low, the function is complete, and it has strong practicability and innovation

Multiple Resonance TADF Sensitizers Enable Green-to-Ultraviolet Photon Upconversion: Application in Photochemical Transformations

Efficient visible-to-ultraviolet (UV) triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) with large anti-Stokes shift is highly promising in solar-powered and indoor applications. Nonetheless, the excitation wavelength is confined to the blue region (< 450 nm) mainly due to large energy loss during triplet sensitization. Herein, a series of multiple resonance thermal activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) compounds are constructed as pure organic sensitizers for the purpose of energy-loss reduction, which also feature intense absorbance at visible region, high intersystem crossing efficiencies, and long triplet lifetimes. By pairing the MR-TADF sensitizers with appropriate UV-emissive acceptors, green-to-UV TTA-UC systems were realized with anti-Stokes shift up to 1.05 eV, upconversion quantum yield up to 7.6% and threshold excitation intensity as low as 9.2 mW cm-2 in solution. Proof-of-concept demonstrations suggest the TTA-UC pairs could be applied as internal or external source of UV photons to trigger energy-demanding photopolymerization and photoligation reactions even under excitation of low-power-density green LED light, suggesting the broad utility of these molecular upconverters

Small but mighty: Empowering sodium/potassium‐ion battery performance with S‐doped SnO2 quantum dots embedded in N, S codoped carbon fiber network

Abstract SnO2 has been extensively investigated as an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to its high Na/K storage capacity, high abundance, and low toxicity. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics, low electronic conductivity, and large volume changes during charge and discharge hinder the practical applications of SnO2‐based electrodes for SIBs and PIBs. Engineering rational structures with fast charge/ion transfer and robust stability is important to overcoming these challenges. Herein, S‐doped SnO2 (S–SnO2) quantum dots (QDs) (≈3 nm) encapsulated in an N, S codoped carbon fiber networks (S–SnO2–CFN) are rationally fabricated using a sequential freeze‐drying, calcination, and S‐doping strategy. Experimental analysis and density functional theory calculations reveal that the integration of S–SnO2 QDs with N, S codoped carbon fiber network remarkably decreases the adsorption energies of Na/K atoms in the interlayer of SnO2–CFN, and the S doping can increase the conductivity of SnO2, thereby enhancing the ion transfer kinetics. The synergistic interaction between S–SnO2 QDs and N, S codoped carbon fiber network results in a composite with fast Na+/K+ storage and extraordinary long‐term cyclability. Specifically, the S–SnO2–CFN delivers high rate capacities of 141.0 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1 in SIBs and 102.8 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 in PIBs. Impressively, it delivers ultra‐stable sodium storage up to 10,000 cycles at 5 A g−1 and potassium storage up to 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1. This study provides insights into constructing metal oxide‐based carbon fiber network structures for high‐performance electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices

The Reduced Oligomerization of MAVS Mediated by ROS Enhances the Cellular Radioresistance

Although the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), located in the mitochondrial outmembrane, is believed to be a signaling adaptor with antiviral feature firstly, it has been shown that suppression of MAVS enhanced radioresistance. The mechanisms underlying this radioresistance remain unclear. Our current study demonstrated that knockdown of MAVS alleviated the radiation-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial membrane potential disruption and ATP production), downregulated the expressions of proapoptotic proteins, and reduced the generation of ROS in cells after irradiation. Furthermore, inhibition of mitochondrial ROS by the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ reduced amounts of oligomerized MAVS after irradiation compared with the control group and also prevented the incidence of MN and increased the survival fraction of normal A549 cells after irradiation. To our knowledge, it is the first report to indicate that MAVS, an innate immune signaling molecule, is involved in radiation response via its oligomerization mediated by radiation-induced ROS, which may be a potential target for the precise radiotherapy or radioprotection

Anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzers and fuel cells

Anion-exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) and fuel cells (AEMFCs) are technologies that, respectively, achieve transformation and utilization of renewable resources in the form of green hydrogen (H2) energy. The significantly reduced cost of their key components (membranes, electrocatalysts, bipolar plates, etc.), quick reaction kinetics, and fewer corrosion problems endow AEM water electrolyzers and fuel cells with overwhelming superiority over their conventional counterparts (e.g., proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzer/fuel cells and alkaline water electrolyzer/fuel cells). Limitations in our fundamental understanding of AEM devices, however, specifically in key components, working management, and operation monitoring, restrict the improvement of cell performance, and they further impede the deployment of AEM water electrolyzers and fuel cells. Therefore, a panoramic view to outline the fundamentals, technological progress, and future perspectives on AEMWEs and AEMFCs is presented. The objective of this review is to (1) present a timely overview of the market development status of green hydrogen technology that is closely associated with AEMWEs (hydrogen production) and AEMFCs (hydrogen utilization); (2) provide an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of AEMWEs and AEMFCs from the viewpoint of all key components (e.g., membranes, ionomers, catalysts, gas diffusion layers, bipolar plates, and membrane electrode assembly (MEA)); (3) summarize the state-of-the-art technologies for working management of AEMWEs and AEMFCs, including electrolyte engineering (electrolyte selection and feeding), water management, gas and heat management, etc.; (4) outline the advances in monitoring the operations of AEMWEs and AEMFCs, which include microscopic and spectroscopic techniques and beyond; and (5) present key aspects that need to be further studied from the perspective of science and engineering to accelerate the deployment of AEMWEs and AEMFCs

Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Transcriptome Analysis in Slow- and Fast-Growing <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i>

Growth is an important trait in aquaculture that is influenced by various factors, among which genetic regulation plays a crucial role. Megalobrama amblycephala, one of the most important freshwater species in China, exhibits wide variations in body mass among individuals of the same age within the same pool. But the molecular mechanisms underlying wide variation in body mass remain unclear. Here, we performed muscle histological and transcriptome analysis of muscle tissues from Fast-Growing (FG) and Slow-Growing (SG) M. amblycephala at the age of 4 months old (4 mo) and 10 months old (10 mo) to elucidate its muscle development and growth mechanism. The muscle histological analysis showed smaller diameter and higher total number of muscle fibers in FG compared to SG at 4 mo, while larger diameter and total number of muscle fibers were detected in FG at 10 mo. The transcriptome analysis of muscle tissue detected 1171 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between FG and SG at 4 mo, and 718 DEGs between FG and SG at 10 mo. Furthermore, 44 DEGs were consistently up-regulated in FG at both 4 mo and 10 mo. Up-regulated DEGs in FG at 4 mo were mainly enriched in the pathways related to cell proliferation, while down-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in cell fusion and muscle contraction. Up-regulated DEGs in FG at 10 mo were mainly enriched in the pathways related to cell proliferation and protein synthesis. Therefore, these results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of M. amblycephala muscle growth at different stages, and will be of great guiding significance to promote the fast growth of M. amblycephala

Integrated optimisation of organic Rankine cycle systems considering dynamic responses

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has emerged as a promising and attractive technology for power generation from low- and medium-temperature heat sources. While a considerable amount of research effort has been devoted to the optimisation of ORC system under steady operating conditions, dynamic responses to various fluctuations in the heat source conditions are generally ignored; such transients in the heat source, however, may lead to safety issues and significant performance losses. In this paper, an optimisation method integrated with system dynamic responses is proposed to achieve optimal operating parameters for ORC systems. This method is implemented to obtain the best thermodynamic performance, as well as a secure and safe operation of the ORC system, and to maintain the working fluid in a saturated or superheated state during the expansion process. The effects of different design constraints (i.e., evaporation pressure, condensation pressure, pinch-point temperature differences, and degree of superheat) on the system's dynamic response are investigated, in order to choose appropriate design constraints corresponding to different heat-source variations. Thermodynamic optimisation is implemented for an ORC system exploiting a heat source with different condition variations, and results of the system's dynamic responses are compared with those obtained without such considerations. It is found that the dynamic responses of ORC systems to heat-source fluctuations need to be carefully considered in the design stage of such systems, in order to ensure safe and efficient operation.</p