MyProfessors: Mining Turkish Student Reviews

We introduce Hocalarim (MyProfessors), the largest student review dataset available for the Turkish language. It consists of over 5000 professor reviews left online by students, with different aspects of education rated on a scale of 1 to 5 stars. We investigate the properties of the dataset and present its statistics. We examine the impact of students' institution type on their ratings and the correlation of students' bias to give positive or negative feedback

Prenatal diagnosis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (4p-) in association with congenital hypospadias and foot deformity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is caused by distal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p-). We report a case in which intrauterine growth restriction, hypospadias and foot deformity were detected by prenatal ultrasound examination at 29 weeks of gestation.</p> <p>Case Presentation</p> <p>A 31-year-old gravida 2 partus 1 woman was referred at 29 weeks' gestation with suspicion of intrauterine growth restriction. Sonographic examination revealed deformity of the right lower limb and undescended testes with an irregular distal penis. A cordocentesis was performed and chromosome analysis revealed a 46,XY,del(4)(p14) karyotype.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prenatal detection of intrauterine growth restriction, hypospadias and foot deformity should lead doctors to suspect the presence of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.</p

Kalça kırıklı yaşlı Türk hasta grubunda bir ve iki yıllık mortaliteyi etkileyen faktörler

Amaç: Kalça kırıkları ileri yaşların fonksiyon kaybı ve ölüm ile sonuçlanabilen ciddi sağlık sorunlarındandır. Bu çalışmada amaç kalça kırığı sonrası yaşlı Türk hastalarda değişik risk faktörlerinin mortalite üzerine etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: 2001-2006 yılları arasında kalça kırığı nedeniyle ameliyat edilmiş, 60 yaş ve üzeri, en az iki yıllık takibi olan 240 hastanın (ort. yaş 76.0±8.2) demografik verileri, ameliyat öncesi süreleri, anestezi ve ASA fiziksel durumu, başvuru albumin düzeyi ile ek morbiditeleri incelendi. Bulgular: Geliş albumin seviyesi 3.45±0.62 g/dl olarak bulundu. Yüz sekiz hastada (%45) albumin düşüklüğü vardı. Albumin düzeyine göre bir ve iki yıl mortalite oranı anlamlı değildi. Ameliyat öncesi yatış süreleri incelendiğinde; birinci yıl mortalitesi erkek hastalarda istatistiksel anlamlı yüksek bulunurken (p=0.015), ikinci yıl mortalitesi bulunmadı. ASA fiziksel skorları yüksek olan hastaların birinci yıl mortaliteleri ile korelasyonunun istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu (p=0.002), ikinci yılda ise olmadığı (p=0.169) saptandı. Cinsiyet incelendiğinde, birinci yıl mortalitesi erkekler için yüksek bulundu (p=0.001). Sonuç: Yüksek ASA skorlarına ek morbiditeler nedeniyle yaşlı hastalarda sık karşılaşılmaktadır. Preoperatif hazırlık sürecinin ASA skoru yüksek olan hastalarda uzun olması nedeniyle ameliyat öncesi süre uzayabilmektedir. Kalça kırığı olan hastaların bir ve iki yıllık mortalite öngörüsünde ASA fiziksel durumu ve ameliyat öncesi gecikmenin önemli belirteçler olduğu görüşündeyiz.Objectives: Hip fractures are one of the most serious causes of impairment and death in the elderly. The aim of this study is to identify the effects of different risk factors on mortality after a hip fracture in elderly Turkish patients. Patients and Methods: Two-hundred forty patients (&gt;60 years; mean age 76.0&plusmn;8.2 years) who were operated for fracture of the hip from 2001 to 2006 were investigated. Demographic data, preoperative length of hospital stay, anesthesia type and ASA physical status, albumin level at admission and comorbidities were recorded. Results: Mean albumin level was 3.45&plusmn;0.62 g/dl. Onehundred eight (45%) had hypoalbuminemia. The difference between mortality rates of normo- and hypoalbuminemic patients were not significant at one and two-year. According to preoperative length of stay; one-year mortality was significantly higher in male patients (p=0.015) while two-year mortality was not. One-year mortality was related with high ASA physical status scores (p=0.002) while two-year mortality was not (p=0.169). According to gender; one-year mortality was found higher in men (p=0.001). Conclusion: Due to comorbidities, high ASA scores are common in elderly patients. Since the preoperative evaluation in high ASA physical status is longer, this may prolong the preoperative hospital stay. Delay after admission and high ASA physical status are important predictors of mortality for elderly hip fracture patients

Comparison of the efficacy of SAPS II and MPM II scoring systems in ıntensive care unit mortality

Amaç: Yoğun bakım ünitesi (YBÜ) hastalarında mortalite oranı öngörüsünün belirlenmesinde Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II ile Mortality Probability Model (MPM) II0 ve MPM II24 skorlama sistemlerinin etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçladık. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Üniversite hastanemiz YBÜ'süne kabul edilen ardışık 100 hastanın verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi, 92 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların SAPS II ve MPM başlangıç verilerinin değerlendirilmesi ve mortalite öngörü oranlarının hesaplanması yardımcı yazılım ile yapıldı. Hastaların YBÜ'ye geldiği yer, YBÜ ve hastanede kalış süresi ve mekanik ventilasyon süreleri hesaplandı. Bulgular: Yoğun bakım ünitesine en çok hasta, hastanemiz acil servisinden (%53) kabul edilmişti. Yirmi yedi hasta başka bir servise devir, 15 hasta ise taburcu edildi. Ölen hastaların sayısı 50, mortalite oranı ise %54 olarak saptandı. Yoğun bakım ünitesinde kalış ve mekanik ventilasyon süreleri ölen hastalarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (sırasıyla p=0.007, p=<0.0001). Sonuç: SAPS II, MPM II0 ve MPM II24 analizlerinin tümünün mortalite ile ilişkisi olmakla beraber lojistik regresyon analizinden bağımsız olarak mortaliteyi öngörmede etkileri yoktur. Öngörülmüş ölüm oranları lojistik regresyon analizi ile gözlenen ölüm oranlarıyla ilişkili bulunmuştur. Mekanik ventilasyon ve YBÜ'de kalış süreleri ile 24 saatten uzun süren mekanik ventilasyon süresi öngörülen mortaliteyi bağımsız olarak etkilemektedir.Objectives: We aimed to investigate the predicting performances of Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II and Mortality Probability Model (MPM) II0 and MPM II24 on determining the mortality rates of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Patients and Methods: Consecutive 100 patients admitted to the ICU were investigated retrospectively, and 92 of them were included in the study. Initial SAPS and MPM analysis and calculations for mortality prediction percentages were performed with auxiliary software package. Transfer data, total ICU and hospital stay and duration of mechanical ventilation were calculated. Results: Most of the patients (53%) were transferred to the ICU from the emergency department. Twenty two patients were transferred to another department and 15 patients were discharged. The number of patients died were 50, the mortality rate was determined as 54%. The ICU stay and duration of mechanical ventilation of patients who died were found as statistically significant (p=0.007, p=&lt;0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: Although SAPS II, MPM II0 and MPM II24 analysis are related to mortality, they have no effect on predicting the mortality independent from logistic regression analysis. The predicted mortality rates were found related with those determined by logistic regression analysis. Duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration above 24 hours affect the predicted mortality, independently

(Z)-2-Meth­oxy-N-[(5-nitro­thio­phen-2-yl)methyl­idene]aniline

The dihedral angle between the benzene and thio­phene rings in the title compound, C12H10N2O3S, is 27.94 (13)°. An inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­action contributes to the stability of the crystal structure

Monochorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy with a co-triplet fetus discordant for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous monochorionic triamniotic pregnancy is rare and is at increased risk for pregnancy complications. The presence of an anomalous fetus further complicates the management. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of monochorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy diagnosed at 15 weeks of gestation with one fetus having developed a multicystic lung lesion, suggestive of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM). At 24 weeks, the largest cyst measured 10 mm in diameter. We managed the pregnancy conservatively and delivered three live male fetuses with birth weights 1560 g, 1580 g and 1590 g at 35 weeks of gestation. Two newborns were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with respiratory distress, the third one died due to sepsis 7 days postpartum. One of the newborns was discharged healthy at 24 days postpartum. The newborn with CCAM developed a pneumothorax on the right side, recovered after treatment, and was discharged after one month. Computerized tomography (CT) of the infant at 3 months demonstrated two cystic lesions in the middle lobe of the right lung measuring 25 mm and 15 mm. A repeat CT of the infant at 6 months showed a 30 mm solitary cystic mass. CONCLUSION: Monochorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy with a co-triplet fetus discordant for CCAM, present rarely and can be managed conservatively. These findings may help in decision making and counselling of parents

Prenatal diagnosis of Caudal Regression Syndrome : a case report

BACKGROUND: Caudal regression is a rare syndrome which has a spectrum of congenital malformations ranging from simple anal atresia to absence of sacral, lumbar and possibly lower thoracic vertebrae, to the most severe form which is known as sirenomelia. Maternal diabetes, genetic predisposition and vascular hypoperfusion have been suggested as possible causative factors. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of caudal regression syndrome diagnosed in utero at 22 weeks' of gestation. Prenatal ultrasound examination revealed a sudden interruption of the spine and "frog-like" position of lower limbs. Termination of pregnancy and autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of caudal regression syndrome is possible at 22 weeks' of gestation by ultrasound examination

Prenatal diagnosis of Neu-Laxova syndrome: a case report

BACKGROUND: Neu-Laxova syndrome is a rare congenital abnormality involving multiple systems. We report a case of Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound examination. CASE PRESENTATION: A 29-year-old gravida 3, para 2 woman was first seen in our antenatal clinic at 38 weeks' pregnancy. Except for the consanguinity and two previous abnormal stillborn babies her medical history was unremarkable. On ultrasound examination microcephaly, flat forehead, micrognathia, intrauterine growth restriction, generalized edema of the skin, hypoplastic chest, excessive soft tissue deposition of hands and feet, joint contractures and a penis without scrotal sacs were detected. She delivered a 2000 g male fetus. He died five minutes after delivery. Postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of Neu-Laxova syndrome. CONCLUSION: Because of the autosomal recessive inheritance of Neu-Laxova syndrome genetic counseling and early-serial ultrasound examination should be performed at risk families. Early diagnosis of the disease may offer termination of the pregnancy as an option

Variations in seasonal solar insolation are associated with a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Background: Bipolar disorder is associated with circadian disruption and a high risk of suicidal behavior. In a previous exploratory study of patients with bipolar I disorder, we found that a history of suicide attempts was associated with diferences between winter and summer levels of solar insolation. The purpose of this study was to confrm this fnding using international data from 42% more collection sites and 25% more countries. Methods: Data analyzed were from 71 prior and new collection sites in 40 countries at a wide range of latitudes. The analysis included 4876 patients with bipolar I disorder, 45% more data than previously analyzed. Of the patients, 1496 (30.7%) had a history of suicide attempt. Solar insolation data, the amount of the sun's electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, was obtained for each onset location (479 locations in 64 countries). Results: This analysis confrmed the results of the exploratory study with the same best model and slightly better statistical signifcance. There was a signifcant inverse association between a history of suicide attempts and the ratio of mean winter insolation to mean summer insolation (mean winter insolation/mean summer insolation). This ratio is largest near the equator which has little change in solar insolation over the year, and smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. Other variables in the model associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts were a history of alcohol or substance abuse, female gender, and younger birth cohort. The winter/summer insolation ratio was also replaced with the ratio of minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation to accommodate insolation patterns in the tropics, and nearly identical results were found. All estimated coefcients were signifcant at p<0.01. Conclusion: A large change in solar insolation, both between winter and summer and between the minimum and maximum monthly values, may increase the risk of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder. With frequent circadian rhythm dysfunction and suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder, greater understanding of the optimal roles of daylight and electric lighting in circadian entrainment is needed. Keywords: Bipolar disorder, Suicide, Sunlight, Solar insolation, Psychiatry, Circadian, Seasonal variatio

Variations in seasonal solar insolation are associated with a history of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder

Background Bipolar disorder is associated with circadian disruption and a high risk of suicidal behavior. In a previous exploratory study of patients with bipolar I disorder, we found that a history of suicide attempts was associated with differences between winter and summer levels of solar insolation. The purpose of this study was to confirm this finding using international data from 42% more collection sites and 25% more countries. Methods Data analyzed were from 71 prior and new collection sites in 40 countries at a wide range of latitudes. The analysis included 4876 patients with bipolar I disorder, 45% more data than previously analyzed. Of the patients, 1496 (30.7%) had a history of suicide attempt. Solar insolation data, the amount of the sun's electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, was obtained for each onset location (479 locations in 64 countries). Results This analysis confirmed the results of the exploratory study with the same best model and slightly better statistical significance. There was a significant inverse association between a history of suicide attempts and the ratio of mean winter insolation to mean summer insolation (mean winter insolation/mean summer insolation). This ratio is largest near the equator which has little change in solar insolation over the year, and smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. Other variables in the model associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts were a history of alcohol or substance abuse, female gender, and younger birth cohort. The winter/summer insolation ratio was also replaced with the ratio of minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation to accommodate insolation patterns in the tropics, and nearly identical results were found. All estimated coefficients were significant at p < 0.01. Conclusion A large change in solar insolation, both between winter and summer and between the minimum and maximum monthly values, may increase the risk of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder. With frequent circadian rhythm dysfunction and suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder, greater understanding of the optimal roles of daylight and electric lighting in circadian entrainment is needed.Peer reviewe