Evaluation of some systemic inflammatory biomarkers in canine malignant mammary tumors

The aim of this study is to investigate whether neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) parameters could be used as biomarkers for canine malignant mammary tumors (MMTs), and the changes in these parameters according to different tumor (T), lymph node (N), and metastasis (M) stages (TNM I-II-III, TNM IV, TNM V) and the number of affected mammary glands (single, multiple). Thirty-seven with MMT and 20 healthy dogs were used in this study. Complete blood count and biochemistry analysis were performed in all dogs. Tumor material is removed by tru-cut and sent to the pathology laboratory for diagnosis. NLR, PLR, and SII values increased, and LMR and PNI values decreased in dogs with MMT. Median NLR values increased and median LMR and PNI values decreased as the TNM stage progressed. In dogs with a single MMT, median NLR, and PLR values were found to be lower than in dogs with multiple MMTs, and median LMR, SII, AGR, and PNI values were higher. The present results indicated that NLR, LMR, PLR, SII, and PNI parameters could be used as biomarkers for canine MMT. Also, NLR, LMR, PLR, SII, PNI, and AGR parameters may be valuable biomarkers that reveal the degree of systemic immune response according to different TNM stages and the number of affected mammary glands

Studies on diagnosis and treatment of post-partum anestrus in cows

Bu çalışma, 1992 - 1994 yıları arasında Bursa yöresinde, doğumdan 60 gün veya daha uzun bir süre geçmesine rağmen kızgınlık göstermemiş olan ineklerde, 6 farklı hormonal uygulamanın fertil bir kızgınlığı uyarmadaki etkinliğini araştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışma materyali olarak 140 sütçü inek kullanıldı, ineklere 11 gün arayla iki kez rektal muayene uygulandı. İnekler elde edilen ovaryum bulgularına göre " aktif " ve " inaktif " ovaryumlara sahip inekler olmak üzere ikiye ayrıldı. ineklerden,, her birinde eşit sayıda hayvan olmak üzere 7 grup oluşturuldu ve aşağıdaki uygulamalar yapıldı. Grup 1 : Bu gruptaki ineklere, 15 mg. luprastiol ( bir PGF2 alfa analoğu) kas içi yolla uygulandı. Grup 2 : ikinci gruptaki ineklere, 15 mg. luprastiol 1 1 gün arayla iki kez, kas içi yolla uygulandı. Grup 3 ( SMB tedavisi ) : Bu gruptaki her bir ineğin kulaklarının arka yüzeyinin derisi altına, her biri 3 mg.norgestomet ( sentetik bir progestagen ) içeren kulak implantları yerleştirildi, implantlar yerleştirildiği anda,3 mg. norgestomet ve 6 mg. östradiol valerate içeren solüsyon kas içi yolla uygulandı. İmplantlar 9 gün sonra uzaklaştırıldı. Grup 4 : SMB tedavisi + implantlar uzaklaştırıldığı anda 15 mg. luprastiol kas içi yolla uygulandı. Grup 5 : SMB tedavisi + implantlar uzalaştırıldığı anda 600 IU PMSG kas içi yolla uygulandı. Grup 6 : SMB tedavisi + implantlar uzaklaştırılmadan 2 gün önce 15 mg. luprastiol ve implantlar uzaklaştırıldığı anda 600 İL) PMSG kas içi yolla uygulandı. Grup 7 : Bu gruptaki ineklere hormonal uygulama yapılmadı ve bu grup kontrol olarak değerlendirildi.Kızgınlıklar hormonal uygulama yapılan gruplarda, uygulamaların bitimini izleyen 5 günlük ve kontrol grubunda ise uygulamaların bitimini izleyen 21 günlük bir zaman süresince belirlendi. Kızgınlık gösteren ineklere sun'i tohumlama uygulandı. Hormonal uygulamalardan önceki rektal palpasyon bulguları dikkate alındığında, 11 ineğin (%7,85) asiklik ve 129 ineğin (%92) siklik ovaryum yapılarına sahip olduğu belirlendi. Hormonal uygulamaları takip eden 5 günlük süreç içerisinde ;1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6. gruplarda ve kontrol grubundaki ineklerin sırasıyla ; %10, %15, %16, %17, %18, %16, %1'inin kızgınlık gösterdiği belirlendi. Hormonal uygulamaları izleyen ilk 5 gün içerisinde kızgınlık gösteren inek oranının, 1. ve 7. gruplarda diğer gruplara göre, istatistiki açıdan önemli düzeyde az olduğu gözlendi. Buna karşılık 1. grupta kontrol grubuna göre. daha fazla ineğin kızgınlık gösterdiği tespit edildi(P 0.01 ). The conception rates were 40, 40, 37,5, 47,5, 55,55, 87,5, 83,3% for groups 1,2,3,4,5,6, control, respectively. The pregnancy rates were 20, 30, 30, 40, 50, 70, 25 % for groups 1,2,3,4,5,6, control, respectively. The conception and pregnancy rates in group 6 were higher than other groups (P < 0.05). It was conducted that closer estrus synchronization and higher level of fertility for post-partum anestrus in dairy cows, received prostoglandin F2 alfa and gonadotrophic stimulation in combination with SMB treatment were observed

Rectal fibromatosis in a Simmental cow

Bu olayda 4 yaşlı Simental ırkı inekte rektum bölgesinde gözlenen çok sayıdaki tümöral kitlelerden dolayı rektal muayeneyi zorlaştıran ve operasyonuna karar verilen fibromatozis olgusunun klinik ve patolojik yönden incelenmesi amaçlandı. Hayvanda doğumu izleyen dönemde rektal muayene yapılmak istendiğinde rektum çevresinde zamanla sayı ve hacimleri artan kitleler gözlendi. En büyüğü 6,5 cm çapında yuvarlak ve 4x3x1,4cm büyüklüğünde oval, çeşitli büyüklükte 14 adet katı esnek kıvamda, beyaz renkli kitlelere rastlandı. Kitlelerin bazıları deri ve çoğunlukla mukoza ile kaplı olduğu dikkati çekti. %10’luk tamponlu formaldehit ile tespit edilerek parafine gömülen ve 5 µm kalınlığında kesitler alınan dokular, Hematoksilen-Eosin (H-E) ve Van Gieson ile ayrıca immunohistokimyasal (İHK) olarak sitokeratin ve vimentin ile boyandı. H-E kesitli dokulardaki tümöral kitlenin tipik anafor tarzında yerleşmiş fibroblast ve fibrositlerden oluştuğu, yapılan İHK boyamada ise vimentin pozitif ve sitokeratin negatif olarak gözlendi. Bu olgudaki gözlenen makroskobik, mikroskobik ve İHK’sal bulgular kaudal rektumda fibromatozis olgusu ile uyumlu bulunmuşturIn this case, it was aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological aspects of fibromatosis which make difficult rectal examination due to multiple tumoral masses observed in a 4-year-old Simmental–breed at rectum. Period of after the birth, the masses were seen around the rectal area of the cow when rectal examination was carried out. The number and volume of masses increased with time.The shapes of masses were round and oval and the largest size were 6.5 cm in diameter and 4 x 3 x 1.4 cm respectively. Totally 14 masses, covered with skin and mucosal membrane were found. Cut surface were whitish colored and solid-flexible in consistency. The tissues were fixed with 10% buffered formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin and sections with a thickness of 5 ?m were stained with hematoxylen-eosin (H&E) and Van Gieson and immunohistochemical (IHC) with cytokeratin and vimentin.Tumor tissue in H&E sections consisted of fibroblasts and fibrocytes located in the typical herringbonepattern. Tumoral cells were vimentin-positive and cytokeratin-negative in IHC staining.Macroscopic, microscopic and IHC findings, in this case, were found to be consistent with the presence of fibromatosis in the caudal rectum

BİR SİMENTAL İNEKTE REKTAL FİBROMATOZİS

Bu olayda 4 yaşlı Simental ırkı inekte rektum bölgesinde gözlenen çok sayıdaki tümöral kitlelerden dolayı rektal muayeneyi zorlaştıran ve operasyonuna karar verilen fibromatozis olgusunun klinik ve patolojik yönden incelenmesi amaçlandı. Hayvanda doğumu izleyen dönemde rektal muayene yapılmak istendiğinde rektum çevresinde zamanla sayı ve hacimleri artan kitleler gözlendi. En büyüğü 6,5 cm çapında yuvarlak ve 4x3x1,4cm büyüklüğünde oval, çeşitli büyüklükte 14 adet katı esnek kıvamda, beyaz renkli kitlelere rastlandı. Kitlelerin bazıları deri ve çoğunlukla mukoza ile kaplı olduğu dikkati çekti. %10’luk tamponlu formaldehit ile tespit edilerek parafine gömülen ve 5 µm kalınlığında kesitler alınan dokular, Hematoksilen-Eosin (H-E) ve Van Gieson ile ayrıca immunohistokimyasal (İHK) olarak sitokeratin ve vimentin ile boyandı. H-E kesitli dokulardaki tümöral kitlenin tipik anafor tarzında yerleşmiş fibroblast ve fibrositlerden oluştuğu, yapılan İHK boyamada ise vimentin pozitif ve sitokeratin negatif olarak gözlendi. Bu olgudaki gözlenen makroskobik, mikroskobik ve İHK’sal bulgular kaudal rektumda fibromatozis olgusu ile uyumlu bulunmuşturIn this case, it was aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological aspects of fibromatosis which make difficult rectal examination due to multiple tumoral masses observed in a 4-year-old Simmental–breed at rectum. Period of after the birth, the masses were seen around the rectal area of the cow when rectal examination was carried out. The number and volume of masses increased with time.The shapes of masses were round and oval and the largest size were 6.5 cm in diameter and 4 x 3 x 1.4 cm respectively. Totally 14 masses, covered with skin and mucosal membrane were found. Cut surface were whitish colored and solid-flexible in consistency. The tissues were fixed with 10% buffered formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin and sections with a thickness of 5 ?m were stained with hematoxylen-eosin (H&E) and Van Gieson and immunohistochemical (IHC) with cytokeratin and vimentin.Tumor tissue in H&E sections consisted of fibroblasts and fibrocytes located in the typical herringbonepattern. Tumoral cells were vimentin-positive and cytokeratin-negative in IHC staining.Macroscopic, microscopic and IHC findings, in this case, were found to be consistent with the presence of fibromatosis in the caudal rectum

Reproductive performance of first cloned Anatolian Grey Cattle produced by frozen cells from National Animal Gene Bank

European Biotechnology Congress -- MAY 15-18, 2014 -- Lecce, ITALY[No Abstract Available

Using cell banks as a tool in conservation programmes of native domestic breeds: the production of the first cloned Anatolian Grey cattle

The aim of this study was to clone native Anatolian Grey cattle by using different donor cell types, such as fibroblast, cartilage and granulosa cells cryopreserved in a gene bank and oocytes aspirated from ovaries of Holstein cows as the recipient cytoplasm source. One male calf from fibroblast, three female calves from granulosa cells and one female calf from cartilage cells were born healthy and at normal birthweights. No calves were lost after birth. The results demonstrated that the cloned calves had the same microsatellite alleles at 11 loci as their nuclear donors. However, the mtDNAs of the five Anatolian Grey cloned calves had different haplotypes from their donor cells and mtDNA heteroplasmy could not be detected in any of the clones. The birth of healthy clones suggests that the haplotype difference between the cell and oocyte donor did not affect the pre- or post-implantation development of the bovine nuclear transfer derived embryos in our study. The results showed that well established nuclear transfer protocols could be useful in conserving endangered species. In conclusion, somatic cell banking can be suggested as a tool in conservation programmes of animal genetic resources

Using cell banks as a tool in conservation programmes of native domestic breeds: the production of the first cloned Anatolian Grey cattle

The aim of this study was to clone native Anatolian Grey cattle by using different donor cell types, such as fibroblast, cartilage and granulosa cells cryopreserved in a gene bank and oocytes aspirated from ovaries of Holstein cows as the recipient cytoplasm source. One male calf from fibroblast, three female calves from granulosa cells and one female calf from cartilage cells were born healthy and at normal birthweights. No calves were lost after birth. The results demonstrated that the cloned calves had the same microsatellite alleles at 11 loci as their nuclear donors. However, the mtDNAs of the five Anatolian Grey cloned calves had different haplotypes from their donor cells and mtDNA heteroplasmy could not be detected in any of the clones. The birth of healthy clones suggests that the haplotype difference between the cell and oocyte donor did not affect the pre- or post-implantation development of the bovine nuclear transfer derived embryos in our study. The results showed that well established nuclear transfer protocols could be useful in conserving endangered species. In conclusion, somatic cell banking can be suggested as a tool in conservation programmes of animal genetic resources