Resolvents of equilibrium problems in a complete geodesic space with negative curvature

In this paper, we propose a resolvent of an equilibrium problem in a geodesic space with negative curvature having the convex hull finite property. We prove its well-definedness as a single-valued mapping whose domain is whole space, and study the fundamental properties.Comment: 10 page

The disintegrin echistatin in combination with doxorubicin targets high-metastatic human osteosarcoma overexpressing ανβ3 integrin in chick embryo and nude mouse models.

Echistatin, a cyclic RGD peptide, which is an antagonist of αvβ3 integrin (disintegrin), inhibited human osteosarcoma in the chick chorioallontoic membrane (CAM) model and tumor growth and pulmonary metastases in a nude mouse orthotopic model. A high-metastatic variant of human osteosarcoma, 143B-LM4, overexpressing αvβ3 integrin was used. Tumor angiogenesis by high-metastatic variant 143B-LM4 cells in the CAM was significantly inhibited by echistatin (P<0.05) as was overall growth. A doxorubicin (DOX)-echistatin combination inhibited orthotopic tumor growth compared to untreated control (P<0.01) or DOX alone (P<0.05) in nude mice. Tumor-bearing mice treated with the DOX-echistatin combination survived longer than those treated with DOX alone or control PBS (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). Echistatin also inhibited experimental lung metastasis of 143B-LM4 cells in nude mice. These results suggest that DOX in combination with a disintegrin has potential to treat osteosarcoma and that αvβ3 integrin may be a target for osteosarcoma

Disintegrin targeting of an αvβ3 integrin-over-expressing high-metastatic human osteosarcoma with echistatin inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion in vitro.

The in vitro efficacy of the disintegrin echistatin was tested on a high-metastatic variant of 143B human osteosarcoma, 143B-LM4, which over-expresses αvβ3 integrin. Echistatin is an RGD cyclic peptide and an antagonist of αvβ3 integrin. In the present study, echistatin inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion of 143B-LM4 cells. 143B-LM4 cell proliferation decreased after treatment with echistatin in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner (P <0.01). In vitro migration and invasion of 143B-LM4 cells were also inhibited by echistatin in a dose-dependent manner (P <0.01, respectively). Cell adhesion to vitronectin of 143B-LM4 cells was also inhibited by echistatin in a dose-dependent manner (P <0.01). These results suggest that αvβ3 integrin may be an effective target for osteosarcoma

Viscosity approximations by the shrinking projection method in Hilbert spaces

AbstractWe consider viscosity approximations by using the shrinking projection method established by Takahashi, Takeuchi, and Kubota, and the modified shrinking projection method proposed by Qin, Cho, Kang, and Zhou, for finding a common fixed point of countably many nonlinear mappings, and we prove strong convergence theorems which extend some known results. We also consider semigroups of nonlinear mappings and obtain strong convergence of iterative schemes which approximate a common fixed point of the semigroup under certain conditions

The Problem of Image Recovery by the Metric Projections in Banach Spaces

We consider the problem of image recovery by the metric projections in a real Banach space. For a countable family of nonempty closed convex subsets, we generate an iterative sequence converging weakly to a point in the intersection of these subsets. Our convergence theorems extend the results proved by Bregman and Crombez