Selective surface crystallization of nonstoichiometric 30BaO-15TiO2-55GeO2 glass

学術論文 (Article)journal articl

Breath-holding Diving by Human during Traditional Inshore Fishery

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第34回極域生物シンポジウム 11月26日（月） 国立極地研究所 ３階ラウン

Methotrexate for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: process to approval for JIA indication in Japan

Methotrexate (MTX), the primary treatment for the articular-type juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is effective and brings about radiological improvement. Patient compliance is good, and it is recognized that its known side effects, namely, disruption of liver function and induction of pulmonary lesions, are unlikely to be severe at the low MTX doses that are administered. In Japan, MTX was granted approval in 1999 by the then Ministry of Health and Welfare specifically for treating rheumatoid arthritis in adult patients, allowing it be generally used in medical institutions for patients having National Health Insurance. However, in the pediatric field, its use outside the indications has so far been unavoidable, and has been left to the discretion of the physician. Finally, at the present conference, expansion of the indications of MTX for JIA was approved in Japan. It is noteworthy that this expansion of indications was achieved without requiring clinical trials on children sponsored by the pharmaceutical company: it was achieved rather by collecting necessary information through ongoing efforts (including collection and analysis of information about approval status in foreign countries, adequate evidence from the literature, implementation of a clinical use survey in Japan, etc.). It also merits attention that the maximum dose (10 mg/m2) was set on the basis of pharmacokinetic data from children, rather than relying on the dosing method and dose for adults

ゴウドウ ゼミ ケイシキ ニヨル マイクロティーチング ノ コウカ ニツイテノ ジレイテキ ケンキュウ

This study was to research what kind of influence the microteachings in the joint research seminars have had on the graduate students. Special Teacher Training Course we belong to is for graduate students who aim to be teachers, and its major purpose is to cultivate practical education skills : teaching lessons, student counseling, and class management. For the graduate students who aim to be elementary school teachers, microteachings and review meetings in joint research seminars are conducted in addition to individual seminars by the professors in charge. Through the joint research seminars, graduate students have opportunities to exchange ideas with each other, learn from both teacher practitioners and teacher researchers to the same time, and combine theory with practice. As a result of it, we found that through these activities they have come to lead discussions instead of professors, and learned to create child−centered classes and make use of children\u27s ideas in lessons

チュウガッコウ ホケン ブンヤ ニオケル ソボク ガイネン オ ヒハンテキニ ギンミ スル タイド ノ イクセイ オ メザシテ

中学校保健体育科保健分野の学習においては，「素朴概念」を含め健康に関わる情報を批判的に吟味し，正しく判断し活用していく力を育成していくことが重要である。批判的に吟味する態度の育成方法として，一般的批判的思考を体験するショートスタディと根拠について考える保健の授業を組み合わせて行う学習を設定した。５時間分の授業の前後に批判的思考の態度を測定するための質問紙と「素朴概念」として設定した『病は気から』という言葉についての自由記述を実施した。その結果を分析したところ，批判的思考態度尺度の結果は事後において全体的に低下傾向にあり，「素朴概念」についての自由記述についても有意な変化はなかった。これらの結果から，焦点を絞った学習計画の必要性とともに「素朴概念」や批判的思考の大切さなどを明示した学習の必要性が示唆された。It\u27s important for junior high school students to develop the ability to critically examine health information, including "naive conceptions" about health information, in order to correctly judge and utilize such information. In order to develop a critical examination attitude, we designed a set of health lessons that consisted of a short survey followed by a critical thinking activity. We conducted a questionnaire to measure the attitudes of critical thinking before and five hours of class time. In addition to the questionnaire, students were asked to write their thoughts on the "naive conception" of "Your mind controls your health". Analysis of the results revealed that overall critical thinking attitudes were on a declining trend, and that there was no significant change in the perception of “naive conceptions” about health information. These results suggested the necessity of a learning program that focuses on distinguishing and acknowledging "naive conceptions" and the importance of critical thinking in the junior high school curriculum

ジュギョウ ノ ジュクタツカ ニオケル シテン ノ ヤクワリ

Based on the fact that the viewpoint bring to us not only the exterospecific information but also propriospecific information, it is suggested that understanding of the other person\u27s mind can be facilitated through the experience of his/her "view" by dispatching yourself to inside of that person. Therefore, we hypothesized that full understanding of the learner\u27s mind (feeling, perception and thinking process etc.) through the internal generation of his/her view by dispatching oneself to inside of that learner could be found on expertise of teaching. The results of exploratory study showed that students had difficulties in understanding of the children\u27s thinking process and could not appropriately generate the children\u27s view within themselves. In accordance with these findings, the expertise process of teaching and the educational methods in teacher training course were discussed

シシャ ト オンドク ニヨル サクブン ガクシュウ ノ コウカ : ダイガクインセイ オ タイショウ トシタ ジレイ ケンキュウ オ トオシテ

Multiple studies have showed that a learning method using copying is one of the effective learning methods to improve learner’s writing ability. But they were not long−term research or empirical studies. In this study, a graduate student had copied and read the famous author’s anthology for ten months. Then, I examined whether his writing ability was improved or not. As a result, I found that his writing ability was improved. And, from the results of the interview, I found that he had learned a variety of things in the process of copying and reading the famous author’s anthology. The results of this study show that it is effective to introduce the learning method, that is copying and reading the famous author’s anthology, to education