7,808 research outputs found
Adhesion Of Glow Discharge Polymers To Metals And Polymers
Adhesion of glow discharge polymers to metals and polymers in an adhesive joint was measured by lapâshear test and immersion in hot water of 70°C for an extended time. A glow discharge polymer was deposited onto polymers [polyethylene and poly(tetrafluoroethylene)] and metals (aluminum and stainless steel) prior to when the polymer and metal were joined. It is found that the lapâshear strength is enhanced by coating the surfaces of these substrates with plasma film produced from methane, ethylene, and acetylene, and that deterioration of the adhesive bonding part, when immersed in hot water of 70°C, is strongly dependent on the gas used as well as operational conditions where a polymer film is formed. The adhesion of a polymer produced from methane on the polymer and metal is strong enough to apply for durable, adhesive joints. Copyright © 1981 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Distribution Of Polymer Deposition In Glow Discharge Polymerization In A Capacitively Coupled System
The manner by which polymers created by plasma uniformly deposit onto substrates was sought. By rotating the substrate placed midway between electrodes, completely uniform distribution of polymer deposition was accomplished, and the deviation of the polymer deposition in a radius direction of the rotating substrate was within experimental errors. Materials of the substrate on which the polymer deposited had no influence on uniformity of polymer deposition, but the electrical circuit of power source, i.e., grounding an electrode, markedly disturbed the uniformity. Thickness of polymers deposited on the substrate was linearly proportional to reaction time. Surface energies of deposited polymers prepared from methane, ethylene, and acetylene by plasma were independent of reaction time and were rather higher than those for conventionally polymerized polyolefins. Copyright © 1981 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Statistical algorithm for nonuniformity correction in focal-plane arrays
A statistical algorithm has been developed to compensate for the fixed-pattern noise associated with spatial nonuniformity and temporal drift in the response of focal-plane array infrared imaging systems. The algorithm uses initial scene data to generate initial estimates of the gain, the offset, and the variance of the additive electronic noise of each detector element. The algorithm then updates these parameters by use of subsequent frames and uses the updated parameters to restore the true image by use of a least-mean-square error finite-impulse-response filter. The algorithm is applied to infrared data, and the restored images compare favorably with those restored by use of a multiple-point calibration technique
Analyses of Behaviors of Embankment Dams
The design of embankment is carried out based on several assumptions for the dam body and foundation, and the dam is constructed according to the design conditions. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the conforming of assumptions to the design and construction by the observation of behavior of the dam body and foundation. In this report, internal vertical movement, pore-water pressure and surface movement are arranged concerning of 21 embankment dams of Japan in order to optimize the measurement method including frequency and proper installation of instrumentation and consequently to present a guidelines for the safety control of dams
EFFECTS OF TEMPO AND DRUMMING PATTERN UPON THE ENERGY COST AND GROUND REACTION FORCE OF JAPANESE DRUM PLAYING EXERCISE
INTRODUCTION Several investigators have shown the physiological and biomechanical data in music instrumental playing so far (Bejjani & Halpern, 1989; Bouhuys, 1969). However, little quantitative information exists as to the responses to this unique type of exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of tempo and drumming pattern upon the energy cost and ground reaction force of Japanese drum playing exercise. METHODS Seven virtuosi players performed playing a huge Japanese drum with a pair of large wooden sticks (0.53 kg) at three tempos by three drumming patterns so as to keep a given sound level of 120 dB. Oxygen uptake was determined with Douglas bag technique and ground reaction force was recorded using a strain-gauge type force plate. RESULTS As for tempo and drumming pattern, no significant difference was observed in any physiological variables involving the energy cost. Maximum vertical ground reaction force showed significant difference among tempos (
Statistical-mechanical iterative algorithms on complex networks
The Ising models have been applied for various problems on information
sciences, social sciences, and so on. In many cases, solving these problems
corresponds to minimizing the Bethe free energy. To minimize the Bethe free
energy, a statistical-mechanical iterative algorithm is often used. We study
the statistical-mechanical iterative algorithm on complex networks. To
investigate effects of heterogeneous structures on the iterative algorithm, we
introduce an iterative algorithm based on information of heterogeneity of
complex networks, in which higher-degree nodes are likely to be updated more
frequently than lower-degree ones. Numerical experiments clarified that the
usage of the information of heterogeneity affects the algorithm in BA networks,
but does not influence that in ER networks. It is revealed that information of
the whole system propagates rapidly through such high-degree nodes in the case
of Barab{\'a}si-Albert's scale-free networks.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Large-scale distributions of mid- and far-infrared emission from the center to the halo of M82 revealed with AKARI
The edge-on starburst galaxy M82 exhibits complicated distributions of
gaseous materials in its halo, which include ionized superwinds driven by
nuclear starbursts, neutral materials entrained by the superwinds, and
large-scale neutral streamers probably caused by a past tidal interaction with
M81. We investigate detailed distributions of dust grains and polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) around M82 to understand their interplay with the
gaseous components. We performed mid- (MIR) and far-infrared (FIR) observations
of M82 with the Infrared Camera and Far-Infrared Surveyor on board AKARI. We
obtain new MIR and FIR images of M82, which reveal both faint extended emission
in the halo and very bright emission in the center with signal dynamic ranges
as large as five and three orders of magnitude for the MIR and FIR,
respectively. We detect MIR and FIR emission in the regions far away from the
disk of the galaxy, reflecting the presence of dust and PAHs in the halo of
M82. We find that the dust and PAHs are contained in both ionized and neutral
gas components, implying that they have been expelled into the halo of M82 by
both starbursts and galaxy interaction. In particular, we obtain a tight
correlation between the PAH and H emission, which provides evidence
that the PAHs are well mixed in the ionized superwind gas and outflowing from
the disk.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Plasma Polymerization Of Tetrafluoroethylene. I. Inductive Radio Frequency Discharge
The plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene in an inductively coupled radio frequency glow discharge, using a flow system, was studied. A simple long tube reactor, with the coupling coil placed at the middle of the tube and gas entrance and exit at the respective ends, was used. Deposition rates and the chemical nature of the polymer (as revealed by ESCA spectra and surface energy studies) are obtained as a function of location in the reactor tube with respect to the coupling coil and of applied energy per unit mass of tetrafluoroethylene (W/FM). It was found that a fluorine poor polymer, containing considerable carbonâoxygen bonds (after contact with air), is obtained at all locations at high W/FM. When a low W/FM is utilized, such a fluorineâpoor polymer is also obtained at locations downstream from the coupling coil (the location of the highest energy density) in the reactor. In the latter case a fluorineârich polymer containing very little oxygen is formed upstream from the coil. The polymer deposition rate distribution is also considerably broader in a high W/FM plasma than when low W/FM is used. These results are in agreement with earlier studies indicating that fluorine abstraction and decomposition due to fluorine etching occur when the energy density, as expressed by W/FM, is high. Copyright © 1979 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Interactions of a String Inspired Graviton Field
We continue to explore the possibility that the graviton in two dimensions is
related to a quadratic differential that appears in the anomalous contribution
of the gravitational effective action for chiral fermions. A higher dimensional
analogue of this field might exist as well. We improve the defining action for
this diffeomorphism tensor field and establish a principle for how it interacts
with other fields and with point particles in any dimension. All interactions
are related to the action of the diffeomorphism group. We discuss possible
interpretations of this field.Comment: 12 pages, more readable, references adde
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