Mental health, sleep and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a correlational study

Background: Co-morbid psychological impairments (depression and anxiety) are common in COPD and are often associated with increased disability, health care usage and morbidity. They also impair quality of life in COPD and are often not fully explored in the clinical management of COPD patients. Psychological distress may, however, contribute to sleep difficulties in all stages of disease severity. Both anxiety and depression have been shown to have a negative effect on the sleep and quality of life (QoL).Objectives: To study the correlation between depression, anxiety and sleep with quality of life in patients with COPD.Methodology: In a tertiary care hospital, this Observational study was conducted on 39 patients of age group 40-70 years, with spirometry confirmed COPD GOLD category I-IV and smokers with more than 5 years of disease who fulfilled were included  in the study. Quality of life was assessed using SGRQ-C, SF-12 and CAT. Depression, Anxiety and Sleep were assessed using PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSQI questionnaires respectively. The correlation between quality of life scores and mental health scores were analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Anxiety was significantly correlated with all the sub domains of SGRQ-C, PCS, MCS of SF-12 and the CAT score. (p value<0.001) Similarly, sleep was significantly correlated with all the three QoL Scales. (p value< 0.001) However, depression significantly correlated with all the subdomains of SGRQ-C and CAT except activity sub-domain of SGRQ-C and MCS of SF-12. (p value<0.001)Conclusion: Anxiety, Depression and Sleep moderately correlated with QoL scores in patients with COPD

Awareness of female breast cancer among adult males in Mumbai, India

Background: Breast cancer is a major killer disease in females globally and in developing regions, where the early cancer detection facilities are unavailable, prognosis is even worse. Awareness about this disease can lead to early detection and thereby decrease the morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: In a longitudinal prospective survey, 150 adult males were interviewed regarding their awareness about occurrence of breast cancer in females using a self designed and validated questionnaire. A battery of questions aiming to assess the levels of awareness of adult males regarding risk factors, signs and symptoms, importance of early detection, methods of detection, treatment options and importance of exercise were considered. Results: This study presented demographic and qualitative information about the levels of awareness about a disease that is alarmingly increasing in women population in India. The results showed that 18% of the targeted adult male population had good awareness, 45% of males had an average awareness and 37% of adult males had poor awareness about breast cancer in females with respect to the domains considered in the survey questionnaire. Conclusion: Breast cancer awareness is very low among men in a metropolitan city like Mumbai. In the absence of breast cancer screening clinics, there is a dire need to take measures to improve breast cancer awareness in men so that they can play a role in early detection of this disease and thereby improve the outcome in this disease

Mental health, sleep and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a correlational study

Background: Co-morbid psychological impairments (depression and anxiety) are common in COPD and are often associated with increased disability, health care usage and morbidity. They also impair quality of life in COPD and are often not fully explored in the clinical management of COPD patients. Psychological distress may, however, contribute to sleep difficulties in all stages of disease severity. Both anxiety and depression have been shown to have a negative effect on the sleep and quality of life (QoL).Objectives: To study the correlation between depression, anxiety and sleep with quality of life in patients with COPD.Methodology: In a tertiary care hospital, this Observational study was conducted on 39 patients of age group 40-70 years, with spirometry confirmed COPD GOLD category I-IV and smokers with more than 5 years of disease who fulfilled were included  in the study. Quality of life was assessed using SGRQ-C, SF-12 and CAT. Depression, Anxiety and Sleep were assessed using PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSQI questionnaires respectively. The correlation between quality of life scores and mental health scores were analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Anxiety was significantly correlated with all the sub domains of SGRQ-C, PCS, MCS of SF-12 and the CAT score. (p value&lt;0.001) Similarly, sleep was significantly correlated with all the three QoL Scales. (p value&lt; 0.001) However, depression significantly correlated with all the subdomains of SGRQ-C and CAT except activity sub-domain of SGRQ-C and MCS of SF-12. (p value&lt;0.001)Conclusion: Anxiety, Depression and Sleep moderately correlated with QoL scores in patients with COPD