Seeing COVID-19 through a Health care professional’s eye

Background: The world is in a state of war. The health care professionals are the front line soldiers who are fighting this war against COVID-19. The modification in human behavior to a specific stimulus (say the Corona epidemic) is the single most important determinant of the fate of that stimulus.  On 26th February 2020, Pakistan reported its first corona positive cases. Till Mid-March, the number raised to a significantly critical level. As the outbreak was unexpected in Pakistan, the situation created chaos and panic among the public as well as among health care workers. The current study analyzed COVID-19 thorough a healthcare professional's eye. There has been no previous study according to the PubMed database. Using the keywords, "Coronavirus, Health care professionals, Pakistan, COVID-19", for any sort of previous cases reported or literature reported relating to coronavirus, our team could not find any article, case report or publication of any sort. So this study is the first from Pakistan Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a self-administrated online questionnaire was circulated through emails and social media to the whole country. The questionnaire comprised of assessing knowledge about the cause and symptoms of COVID-19. A total of 146 responses were scrutinized to include in the survey, in the time period of 1 week (March 23-30, 2020). The participants belonged to private and government institutions from all provinces of Pakistan. Results: The mean values of all items depicted that all health care professionals were well aware of the knowledge, symptoms and transmissibility of COVID-19. Conclusion:  The study concluded that the healthcare professionals were fully aware of the transmission of COVID-19 and its symptoms. However, it is recommended that the government should provide full support to health care professionals, who are at the front line. &nbsp

Seeing COVID-19 through a Health care professional’s eye

Background: The world is in a state of war. The health care professionals are the front line soldiers who are fighting this war against COVID-19. The modification in human behavior to a specific stimulus (say the Corona epidemic) is the single most important determinant of the fate of that stimulus.  On 26th February 2020, Pakistan reported its first corona positive cases. Till Mid-March, the number raised to a significantly critical level. As the outbreak was unexpected in Pakistan, the situation created chaos and panic among the public as well as among health care workers. The current study analyzed COVID-19 thorough a healthcare professional's eye. There has been no previous study according to the PubMed database. Using the keywords, "Coronavirus, Health care professionals, Pakistan, COVID-19", for any sort of previous cases reported or literature reported relating to coronavirus, our team could not find any article, case report or publication of any sort. So this study is the first from Pakistan Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a self-administrated online questionnaire was circulated through emails and social media to the whole country. The questionnaire comprised of assessing knowledge about the cause and symptoms of COVID-19. A total of 146 responses were scrutinized to include in the survey, in the time period of 1 week (March 23-30, 2020). The participants belonged to private and government institutions from all provinces of Pakistan. Results: The mean values of all items depicted that all health care professionals were well aware of the knowledge, symptoms and transmissibility of COVID-19. Conclusion:  The study concluded that the healthcare professionals were fully aware of the transmission of COVID-19 and its symptoms. However, it is recommended that the government should provide full support to health care professionals, who are at the front line. &nbsp

Efficacy Of Cyproterone Acetate And Drosperinone Containing Cocps In Treatment Of Hirsutism In Patients With PCOS

Introduction: Hirsutism is a condition characterized by excess hair growth on the face, chest, and/or back in women and it is often caused by an imbalance of hormones, such as androgens. OCPs prove to be effective in reducing hirsutism in patients with PCOS by inhibiting the production of androgens and decreasing the activity of androgen receptors. OCPs may have additional benefits for patients with PCOS, such as regulating menstrual cycles, improving fertility, and reducing the risk of endometrial cancer. However, OCPs may not be suitable for all women with PCOS. Methods: The study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of these OCPs in reducing hirsutism in PCOS patients. In the study, 80 participants were included, 40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group. The intervention group received a combination oral contraceptive pill containing cyproterone acetate and drosperinone (COCP) for a period of 6 months, while the control group received a placebo. Hirsutism was assessed at baseline and at the end of the 6-month treatment period using the Ferriman-Gallwey score. The primary outcome measure was the change in Ferriman-Gallwey score from baseline to the end of the treatment period. Results: The study found that OCPs containing cyproterone acetate and drosperinone were more effective in reducing hirsutism in patients with PCOS compared to OCPs containing levonorgestrel. Conclusion: It is important to note that OCPs may not be appropriate for all women with PCOS, therefore it's crucial to explore the risks and advantages with a healthcare professional before beginning therapy

Comparison Of Outcome And Side Effects Profile Of Treatment Of Overactive Bladder With Different Classes Of Drugs

Objective: Overactive Bladder (OAB) is a common condition characterized by urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence. Anticholinergics, beta-3 agonists, and mirabegron are commonly used to manage OAB symptoms. Anticholinergics are effective but may cause side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and drowsiness. Beta-3 agonists, like Mirabegron, are a viable option for individuals seeking to avoid these side effects. Methods: A study of 45 female patients with OAB symptoms was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two cross-over protocols. Group A received mirabegron followed by solifenacin, and group B received mirabegron followed by solifenacin. Results: The results showed that both treatments were effective in reducing the symptoms of OAB as measured by the IPSS, OABSS, and VAS scores for emergency and distention. The side effects of dry mouth and constipation were relatively mild. However, a p-value of 0.007 shows that there was no significant difference in effectiveness and side effects between the two groups. Conclusion: Both treatment options can be effective for OAB, but each has specific disadvantages. Consulting with a healthcare provider is important to determine the best treatment option based on an individual's specific needs and medical history

A sociological study about the factors affecting Immunization status of children at POF hospital Wah Cantt, Pakistan

Immunization assumes a noteworthy part in the aversion of illnesses and grimness and mortality in kids can be highly lessened just by usage and use of EPI (Expanded Program on inoculation). Targets: The goals of the examination were to decide the inoculation status of kids admitted to pediatric ward of tertiary care in POF doctor's facility, Wah Cantt. The purposes behind halfway Immunization and non-Immunization. The sociodemographic factors that influence the inoculation status. Plan, length of the investigation: The examination was Descriptive and span was around a half year Setting: Pediatric and Gynecology wards of POF Hospital Wah Cantt. Examining system: Convenient testing Subjects and Methods: Our investigation included moms of 18 two years matured kids who exhibited to POF Hospital Wah. A pre tried organized survey was filled by the understudies themselves. Results: 87.5% of youngsters were totally inoculated, 9.5% were incompletely vaccinated while 3% were not in the slightest degree. 33.5% of the guardians trusted that there were reactions of immunizations. 44.5% of the guardians suspected that lone oral polio immunization was required and 17% thought about it as annoying. Wellbeing office was distant for19.5% people and 23% face non accessibility of immunizations. Chi square test demonstrated a critical relationship between instructive status of father, mother and place of conveyance with Immunization status. Conclusion: The Immunization status of the kids was satisfactory and there was noteworthy relationship between education status of father, mother and place of conveyance with the inoculation status. The reasons of none and fractional Immunization were unavailability, non-accessibility of immunization, considering polio was the main required antibody and burden for the guardians. Key Words: Immunization, Children, Non Immunizatio

Frequency of Extradural Hematoma in Patients with Skull Fracture after Head Injury

Objective:  To assess the frequency of patients with extradural hematoma who have a skull fracture on x-ray skull presenting with a head injury. Material & Methods:  A descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, RMU & Allied Hospital, Rawalpindi. 322 patients fulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled in the study from Emergency Ward. Patients with head injury having skull fracture undergone a CT scan for assessment of presence or absence of extradural hematoma. CT scan was done by a single senior radiologist for all patients. Results:  Mean age of patients in this study was 41.31 ± 14.67 years. Among the patients 259 (80.4%) were male and 63 (19.6%) were females. The mean duration of injury of the patients was 6.37 ± 3.40. Extradural hematoma was diagnosed in 104 (32.3%) patients. Age and site of fracture showed a statistically significant association for extradural hematoma. Whereas gender, duration of injury, and type of fracture did not show significant association for extradural hematoma. Conclusion:  Results of this study showed a low frequency of extradural hematoma in patients who presented with a head injury. Still, any patient suspected of head injury leading to skull fractures must be examined on CT scan to avoid and timely detect the intracranial bleeding in order to avert the complications and mortality after traumatic head injury

Adult Hemophiliacs in Pakistan: Health-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Aspects

Introduction: Coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) (in hemophilia A) or IX (FIX) (in hemophilia B) deficiency associated with the X chromosome is the primary cause of hemophilia. Bleeding carried on by hemophilia can have an impact on a patient's mental health and quality of life. Recurrent bleeds in their muscles and joints cause hemophilia patients to experience constant pain. Certain variables, such as depression brought on by low self-esteem in comparison to "normal" siblings and peers, may have an impact on hemophilia patients.  Objective: The goal of this investigation is to assess how psychological factors and pain affect adult hemophiliac patients' well-being. Materials and Methods: On 102 hemophiliacs, a cross-sectional study was done. Data were gathered using visual analogue scales for pain, depression anxiety stress assessments, and quality of life questionnaires specific to hemophilia. Regression analysis, analysis of covariance, and correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: According to the findings, 70.8% of hemophiliac patients felt pain on the research day. Patients with hemophilia had an average HRQoL score of 50.08 (standard deviation: 18.49). Additionally, stress, worry, and mild to serious depression were present in 45.7 %, 63.5% and 58.3% of the patients, respectively. Additionally, a substantial correlation between HRQoL and sadness, anxiety, and pain intensity were found. The study variables were able to explain 47% of changes in HRQOL in the regression model, with depression and pain intensity serving as important predictors. Conclusion: To enhance the psychosocial health and quality of life of patients, emphasis should be given to these factors.

Coexistence of ipsilateral acute‐on‐chronic subdural hematoma and acute extradural hematoma: A case report

Abstract Chronic subdural hematomas are typically observed in elderly patients receiving antithrombotic and/or anticoagulant therapy. In contrast, acute subdural and extradural hematomas are often observed in young people with traumatic brain injury. The coexistence of ipsilateral chronic subdural and extradural hematomas is rare. Depending on the Glasgow Coma Scale and neuroimaging findings, early surgical intervention is mandatory, as seen in our patient. Early surgical evacuation of a traumatic extradural and chronic subdural hematoma should be done. Also, antithrombotic drug use can lead to chronic subdural hematoma

Unilateral Laminotomy vs. Conventional Laminectomy: Which is Better for Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis?

Objectives:  To compare the outcomes of conventional laminectomy and unilateral laminotomy for lumbar spinal stenosis. Materials and Methods:  The results of our research were compared between unilateral laminotomy (Group A) and conventional laminectomy (Group B) for lumbar spinal stenosis using a sample of 60 cases (30 in each group) selected through non-probability convenient sampling. We calculated the sample size using OPENEPI and analyzed the data with SPSS 26.0. For qualitative and quantitative data. Results:  Mean age of participants was 49.7 years in both groups, The sample consisted of 37 male and 23 female participants made up the patient population. Dural tears (5%), progressive neurological deficit (0%), and surgical site infections (1%), among other postoperative complications, were all treated with antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity. Conclusion:  Bilateral decompression via unilateral laminotomy is a less invasive alternative to conventional laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis, with significantly improved pain scores and minimized hospital stay. This technique offers appropriate decompression of neuronal components at the affected level with no increased risk of complications. Keywords:  Degenerative, Spinal Stenosis, Unilateral Laminotomy, Conventional Laminectom