MSEVA : A System for Multimodal Short Videos Emotion Visual Analysis

YouTube Shorts, a new section launched by YouTube in 2021, is a direct competitor to short video platforms like TikTok. It reflects the rising demand for short video content among online users. Social media platforms are often flooded with short videos that capture different perspectives and emotions on hot events. These videos can go viral and have a significant impact on the public's mood and views. However, short videos' affective computing was a neglected area of research in the past. Monitoring the public's emotions through these videos requires a lot of time and effort, which may not be enough to prevent undesirable outcomes. In this paper, we create the first multimodal dataset of short video news covering hot events. We also propose an automatic technique for audio segmenting and transcribing. In addition, we improve the accuracy of the multimodal affective computing model by about 4.17% by optimizing it. Moreover, a novel system MSEVA for emotion analysis of short videos is proposed. Achieving good results on the bili-news dataset, the MSEVA system applies the multimodal emotion analysis method in the real world. It is helpful to conduct timely public opinion guidance and stop the spread of negative emotions. Data and code from our investigations can be accessed at: http://xxx.github.com.Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessibl

Mechanism and Kinetic Analysis of Sterilization of Escherichia coli on Shell Eggs by Ultrasound-Assisted Steam Treatment

In order to explore the predictive bactericidal effect of ultrasound-assisted steam treatment on Escherichia coli on the eggshell surface and the mechanism of bacterial damage and death, a kinetic model for the sterilization of E. coli on the eggshell surface by ultrasound-assisted steam treatment was constructed. By controlling the concentration of bacterial suspension used to artificially contaminate eggshells, the sterilization efficiencies of E. coli by ultrasound, steam and their combination were evaluated and compared with that using the sodium hypochlorite immersion method, commonly used in commercial sterilization. The Linear, Weibull, Log-Logistic and Modified Gompertz models were used to fit the inactivation curve of E. coli by ultrasound-assisted steam treatment, and the damage degree of cell morphology and the leakage of cell contents before and after sterilization were measured. The results showed that after 180 s of 150 W ultrasonic pretreatment and 3 s of steam treatment, the logarithm of the total number of E. coli decreased from 6.26 to 2.04 with a mortality rate of 67%. The sterilization process of ultrasound-assisted steam treatment was better fitted to the nonlinear dynamic model, while the Weibull model was more suitable to describe the dynamic process of sterilization with increasing ultrasonic intensity and steam treatment time. In addition, the combined treatment destroyed the ultrastructure of E. coli and the external structure of its cells, resulting in cytoplasm leakage and changes in the permeability of the membrane. Therefore, ultrasound-assisted steam treatment could aggravate the deformation and damage of bacteria, leading to bacterial death. The experimental results provide a theoretical basis for the inactivation of E. coli on the eggshell surface. According to the results of egg quality during storage, this method has broad application prospects in the production of clean eggs

Crystal structure of a Fanconi anemia-associated nuclease homolog bound to 5′ flap DNA: basis of interstrand cross-link repair by FAN1

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by defects in any of 15 FA genes responsible for processing DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs). The ultimate outcome of the FA pathway is resolution of cross-links, which requires structure-selective nucleases. FA-associated nuclease 1 (FAN1) is believed to be recruited to lesions by a monoubiquitinated FANCI–FANCD2 (ID) complex and participates in ICL repair. Here, we determined the crystal structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FAN1 (PaFAN1) lacking the UBZ (ubiquitin-binding zinc) domain in complex with 5′ flap DNA. All four domains of the right-hand-shaped PaFAN1 are involved in DNA recognition, with each domain playing a specific role in bending DNA at the nick. The six-helix bundle that binds the junction connects to the catalytic viral replication and repair (VRR) nuclease (VRR nuc) domain, enabling FAN1 to incise the scissile phosphate a few bases distant from the junction. The six-helix bundle also inhibits the cleavage of intact Holliday junctions. PaFAN1 shares several conserved features with other flap structure-selective nucleases despite structural differences. A clamping motion of the domains around the wedge helix, which acts as a pivot, facilitates nucleolytic cleavage. The PaFAN1 structure provides insights into how archaeal Holliday junction resolvases evolved to incise 5′ flap substrates and how FAN1 integrates with the FA complex to participate in ICL repair

Testing the ALP-photon coupling with polarization measurements of Sagittarius A*

Ultra-light bosons such as axions or axion-like particles (ALPs), are promising candidates to solve the dark matter problem. A unique way to detect such ALPs is to search for the periodic oscillation feature of the position angles of linearly polarized photons emitted from the regions where ALP dark matter forms a solitonic core. In this work, we use the high-resolution polarimetric measurements of the radiation near the super-massive black hole (SMBH) in the center of the Milky Way, i.e., Sagittarius A$^\star$ (Sgr A$^\star$), by a sub-array of the Event Horizon Telescope to search for the ultra-light ALPs. We derive upper limits on the ALP-photon coupling of $\sim 10^{-12}{\rm GeV^{-1}}$ for ALP masses of $m\sim (10^{-19}-10^{-18})$eV. Our results are stronger than that derived from the observations of SN1987A and a population of supernovae in the mass window of ($10^{-19}-10^{-17}$)eV. Improved polarimetric measurements with the full Event Horizon Telescope can further strengthen the constraints.Comment: Accepted for publication in JCAP. 13 pages, 2 figure

Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a systematic review

ObjectivesTo systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients.MethodsRisk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients were collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid via the internet, covering studies from the establishment of the databases to March 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and used Stata 13.0 for meta-analysis of predictive factors and the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) to evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients, evaluated the predictive performance.ResultsThis analysis included eight studies. Six studies used internal validation to assess the predictive models, while one combined both internal and external validation. The Area Under Curve (AUC) for the models ranged from 0.67 to 0.79. The most common predictors were preoperative dementia or dementia history (OR = 3.123, 95% CI 2.108–4.626, p < 0.001), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification (OR = 2.343, 95% CI 1.146–4.789, p < 0.05), and age (OR = 1.615, 95% CI 1.387–1.880, p < 0.001). This meta-analysis shows that these were independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in older adult patients with hip fracture.ConclusionResearch on the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients is still in the developmental stage. The predictive performance of some of the established models achieve expectation and the applicable risk of all models is low, but there are also problems such as high risk of bias and lack of external validation. Medical professionals should select existing models and validate and optimize them with large samples from multiple centers according to their actual situation. It is more recommended to carry out a large sample of prospective studies to build prediction models.Systematic review registrationThe protocol for this systematic review was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registered number CRD42022365258

Effects of autumn tillage with straw return on soil physical characteristics of corn fields in the eastern loess plateau

The implementation of unsuitable tillage practices has the potential to disrupt the structure integrity of the ploughed layer, as well as to influence the physical parameters of the soil. The application of a reasonable tillage method has been demonstrated to result in an improvement in the physical quality of the soil. Three autumn tillage practices have been implemented at the Dongyang Experimental Station of Shanxi Agricultural University since 2016: no-tillage with straw mulch (NTS), autumn rotary tillage with straw incorporation (RTS), and autumn plough tillage with straw incorporation (PTS). The impact of autumn tillage practices on soil physical quality in the 0–30 cm profile of spring corn fields was evaluated following the corn harvest in 2018 and 2019. The results showed that compared to the NTS treatment, the application of RTS was found to have decreased significantly by 9.6%–24.2% in soil bulk density, while it increased significantly by 12.8%–34.0% in total porosity and by 43.5%–146.4% in macroporosity at a depth of 5–10 cm. In comparison to the NTS treatment, the adoption of PTS was found to decrease significantly by 10.7%–30.5% soil bulk density, while it increased significantly by 9.9%–42.7% the total porosity and 23.1%–202.8% the macroporosity at a depth of 0–10 cm. Furthermore, the soil microporosity significantly increase of 7.5%–11.1% under the RTS treatment at the 0–5 cm soil depth and 7.7%–11.2% under the PTS treatment at the 10–20 cm soil depth. Soil physical quality index (SQI) significantly increase under the RTS and PTS treatments, with a 41.26% and 57.57% improvement, respectively, in comparison to the NTS treatment. In summary, the adoption of autumn tillage with straw return (RTS and PTS) demonstrated a reduction in soil bulk density, an increase in soil porosity, macroporosity, and a promotion of capillary porosity, and promoted the improvement of soil physical quality on the Eastern Loess Plateau when compared to no-tillage with straw mulch (NTS)

Analysis of the behavior and influencing factors of pickled and smoked products consumption in residents in Southwest China

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation and risk factors of high-frequency consumption of pickled and smoked products in Southwest China and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted from February to May in 2021 in Southwest China （Yunnan， Guizhou， Sichuan and Chongqing） by convenient sampling to obtain data. The geographical， demographic and sociological factors， health knowledge and behavior factors were collected. The risk factors of high-frequency pickled and smoked products consumption were analyzed by disordered multi classification logistic regression.ResultsGeographical factor analysis showed that the risk of high-frequency consumption of pickled and smoked products in Yunnan， Guizhou and rural areas was high. The risk of high-frequency consumption of pickled and smoked products in Yunnan province were 2.764 times and 2.126 times higher than that in Chongqing respectively. Among the demographic sociological factors， high-frequency consumption of pickled and smoked products was positively correlated with age and education to a certain extent， and intellectual labor was a protective factor. The most noteworthy factor was the age： the risk of the elderly over 60 years old was the highest， and only 46.70% of the youth aged from 18 had the behavior. In terms of health knowledge and behavior， there was a statistical difference between the knowledge of salt and the consumption of smoked products. The risk of the group with zero correct rate was 1.372 times higher than that of the group with all correct answers. The frequency of drinking alcohol and the risk of pickled and smoked products were basically positively correlated. In the two groups of dependent variables， people who drunk more than three times a week had the highest risk， and the risk of those who never drunk was only 32.10% compared to the drinkers.ConclusionPickled and smoked products are the characteristic food in Southwest China. Geographical factors， demographic and sociological factors， health knowledge and behavior factors are related to high-frequency consumption of pickled and smoked products. It is necessary to control the health risks brought by high-frequency eating behaviors， promote targeted health education in Yunnan， Guizhou and rural areas， and elderly and less educated groups， encourage healthy eating behaviors， and promote the “Healthy Southwest Action” of “Healthy China”

Application of machine learning for risky sexual behavior interventions among factory workers in China

IntroductionAssessing the likelihood of engaging in high-risk sexual behavior can assist in delivering tailored educational interventions. The objective of this study was to identify the most effective algorithm and assess high-risk sexual behaviors within the last six months through the utilization of machine-learning models.MethodsThe survey conducted in the Longhua District CDC, Shenzhen, involved 2023 participants who were employees of 16 different factories. The data was collected through questionnaires administered between October 2019 and November 2019. We evaluated the model's overall predictive classification performance using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. All analyses were performed using the open-source Python version 3.9.12.ResultsAbout a quarter of the factory workers had engaged in risky sexual behavior in the past 6 months. Most of them were Han Chinese (84.53%), hukou in foreign provinces (85.12%), or rural areas (83.19%), with junior high school education (55.37%), personal monthly income between RMB3,000 (US$417.54) and RMB4,999 (US$695.76; 64.71%), and were workers (80.67%). The random forest model (RF) outperformed all other models in assessing risky sexual behavior in the past 6 months and provided acceptable performance (accuracy 78%; sensitivity 11%; specificity 98%; PPV 63%; ROC 84%).DiscussionMachine learning has aided in evaluating risky sexual behavior within the last six months. Our assessment models can be integrated into government or public health departments to guide sexual health promotion and follow-up services

A Skin Lipidomics Study Reveals the Therapeutic Effects of Tanshinones in a Rat Model of Acne

Tanshinone (TAN), a class of bioactive components in traditional Chinese medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, can enhance blood circulation, remove blood stasis, and promote wound healing. For these reasons it has been developed as a drug to treat acne. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of TAN in rats with oleic acid-induced acne and to explore its possible mechanisms of action through the identification of potential lipid biomarkers. In this study, a rat model of acne was established by applying 0.5 ml of 80% oleic acid to rats’ back skin. The potential metabolites and targets involved in the anti-acne effects of TAN were predicted using lipidomics. The results indicate that TAN has therapeutic efficacy for acne, as supported by the results of the histological analyses and biochemical index assays for interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, IL-β and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The orthogonal projection of latent structure discriminant analysis score was used to analyze the lipidomic profiles between control and acne rats. Ninety-six potential biomarkers were identified in the skin samples of the acne rats. These biomarkers were mainly related to glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, and the regulation of their dysfunction is thought to be a possible therapeutic mechanism of action of TAN on acne